I-cirrhosis

I-Cirrhosis yisimo esibi sesibindi esithinta izigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele. Kuyinto eqhubekayo isibindi isifo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinzima uma kungelashwa. Ukuqonda izizathu ze-cirrhosis yesibindi, ukubonakaliswa, kanye nezinketho zokwelashwa kwe-cirrhosis kubalulekile ekugcineni impilo enhle yesibindi nokuvimbela ukulimala okwengeziwe. Ake sihlole izici ezihlukahlukene ze-cirrhosis nokuphathwa kwayo ukuze wazi ukuthi ungayilawula kanjani impilo yesibindi sakho. 

Kuyini I-Cirrhosis Yesibindi? 

I-Cirrhosis yisifo sesibindi esingamahlalakhona lapho izicubu zezibazi ezingenampilo zithatha indawo yezicubu zesibindi ezinempilo. Le nqubo yezibazi ikhinyabeza isibindi sokusebenza ngendlela efanele, okuholela ezinkingeni ezihlukahlukene zezempilo. Isibindi siyisitho esidingekayo ukuze umuntu aphile futhi sinesibopho semisebenzi eminingi, okuhlanganisa i-metabolism yezidakamizwa, ukukhiqizwa kwamaprotheni abopha igazi, nokususwa kobuthi emzimbeni. Lapho i-cirrhosis iqala, amandla esibindi okwenza le misebenzi ebalulekile ayancipha, okubeka impilo yomuntu yonke engozini. 

Izimpawu ze-Liver Cirrhosis 

Izimpawu ze-cirrhosis zingahluka kakhulu futhi zincike esiteji nobukhulu besimo. Ezigabeni zokuqala, abantu bangase bangabi nazo izimpawu eziphawulekayo, njengoba isibindi siyakwazi ukukhokhela umonakalo. Kodwa-ke, njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, izimpawu ezilandelayo zingase zande kakhulu: 

• Ukukhathala nokubuthakathaka 
• Ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso kanye nokuncipha kwesisindo okungahlosiwe 
• Ubuhlungu besisu noma ukungakhululeki 
• Ukuvuvukala emilenzeni noma esiswini (i-oedema) 
• I-Jaundice (isikhumba namehlo aphuzi) 
• Isikhumba esinamahloni 
• Ukulimaza nokopha kalula 
• Ukudideka kwengqondo noma izinguquko ekuziphatheni (i-hepatic encephalopathy) 
• I-nausea nokuhlanza 
• Uhudo 
• Umchamo onombala omnyama kanye namandle anombala okhanyayo 
• Izigaxana ezincane eziphuzi zamafutha esikhumbeni sakho noma kumajwabu amehlo 

Izinkinga ze-Cirrhosis Yesibindi 

Izici ezahlukahlukene zingadala i-cirrhosis, futhi ukuthola imbangela yalesi simo kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokwelashwa okusebenzayo kwe-cirrhosis kanye nokuvimbela. Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu ze-cirrhosis yesibindi yizi: 

• Ukusebenzisa Kakhulu Utshwala Okungapheli: Ukuphuza isikhathi eside, ukuphuza ngokweqile kungenye yezimbangela ezihamba phambili ze-cirrhosis yesibindi, njengoba utshwala bungalimaza ngokuqondile futhi bushise isibindi. 
• I-Viral Hepatitis: Isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo oluhlala njalo (ikakhulukazi isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B & C) singaholela ku-cirrhosis ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. 
• Akunawo utshwala Isifo Sesibindi Esinamafutha (NAFLD): Lesi simo sibonakala ngokunqwabelana kwamafutha esibindini. Ingathuthukela esimweni esinzima kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi esibizwa ngokuthi i-nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), engagcina ibangele isifo sokusha kwesibindi. 
• Izifo Ezizimele: Izifo ezithile ezizimele, njenge-primary biliary cholangitis & primary sclerosing cholangitis, zingabangela ukuvuvukala kanye nezibazi esibindini, okuholela ekuqineni kwesibindi. 
• I-Genetic Disorders: Izifo ezingavamile zofuzo, njenge-Wilson's disease kanye ne-hemochromatosis, nazo zingaba nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni i-cirrhosis. 
• I-Bile Duct Blockage: Ukuvinjelwa noma ukulimala kwemigudu ye-bile (isakhiwo esifana neshubhu esibhekene nokuthuthwa kwe-bile kusuka esibindini kuya emathunjini amancane) kungaholela ku-cirrhosis. 
• Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo Okungapheli: Kwezinye izimo, i-cirrhosis ingakhula ngenxa yokwehluleka kwenhliziyo okungapheli, okungakhinyabeza ikhono lesibindi lokusebenza ngendlela efanele. 

Izigaba ze-Cirrhosis yesibindi

I-Cirrhosis yisifo esiqhubekayo, futhi singaba nezigaba kuye ngezinga lokulimala kwesibindi kanye nezinkinga ezihlobene ne-cirrhosis. Izigaba noma izinhlobo ze-cirrhosis yesibindi zimi kanje: 

• I-Early-Stage Cirrhosis: Kulesi sigaba, isibindi sisasebenza kahle ngokuqhathaniswa, futhi kungase kube nezimpawu ezimbalwa noma zingabonakali. Nokho, inqubo yokuba nezibazi isiqalile kakade, futhi amandla esibindi okwenza imisebenzi yaso ebalulekile aya ngokuya encipha. 
• I-Cirrhosis Enxephezelwe: Kulesi sigaba, isibindi sisakwazi ukunxephezela umonakalo, futhi umuntu angase angabi nazo izimpawu ezisobala. Nokho, amandla esibindi okwenza imisebenzi yaso ancipha kakhulu, futhi ingozi yezinkinga iyanda. 
• I-Decompensated Cirrhosis: Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, isibindi asisakwazi ukukhokhela umonakalo, futhi izinkinga ezihlukahlukene ziqala ukuvela. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukunqwabelana koketshezi esiswini (ama-ascites), ukuphuma kusuka emithanjeni ekhulisiwe ku-esophagus noma esiswini (varices), nezinguquko ekusebenzeni kwengqondo (i-hepatic encephalopathy). 
• I-End-Stage Cirrhosis: Kulesi sigaba esithuthukile, isibindi silimele kakhulu, futhi ukuphila komuntu kusengozini. Izinkinga ziba zimbi kakhulu, futhi okuwukuphela kwendlela yokwelapha i-cirrhosis yesibindi kungaba ukufakelwa kwesibindi. 

Ukuxilongwa kwe-Cirrhosis

Ukuxilongwa kwe-cirrhosis kuhilela inhlanganisela yokuhlolwa nokuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene. Inqubo ingase ihlanganise: 

• Umlando Wezokwelapha kanye Nokuhlolwa Komzimba: Udokotela owelaphayo uzobuza ngomlando wezokwelapha womuntu, kuhlanganise nanoma yiziphi izimo ezingaphansi, futhi enze ukuhlolwa okuphelele ngokomzimba ukuze abone izimpawu zesifo sesibindi, njenge jaundice noma ukuvuvukala kwesisu. 
• Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Uphenyo lwegazi lungasiza ekutholeni ukungahambi kahle ekusebenzeni kwesibindi (amazinga aphakeme ama-enzyme athile noma amaprotheni), angase abonise ukuba khona kwe-cirrhosis. 
• Ukuhlolwa Kwesithombe: Amasu afana ne-ultrasound, i-CT scan, noma i-MRI inikeza isethi ephelele yezithombe zesibindi, okuvumela udokotela wakho ukuthi ahlole izinga lomonakalo kanye nezibazi. 
• I-Liver Biopsy: Ngezinye izikhathi, isampula encane yezicubu zesibindi ingase ithathwe futhi ihlaziywe ngaphansi kwe-microscope. I-biopsy ingaba isivivinyo esiqinisekisayo sokuxilongwa kanye nokuthola imbangela eyisisekelo ye-cirrhosis. 
• I-Endoscopy: Uma udokotela esola ukuba khona kwemithambo ekhulisiwe emgomeni noma esiswini (izinhlobonhlobo), angenza ukuhlolwa kwe-endoscopic ukuhlola ingozi yokopha. 

Ukwelashwa kwe-Liver Cirrhosis 

Ukwelashwa kwe-cirrhosis yesibindi kuya ngembangela eyisisekelo, isigaba sesifo, kanye nokuba khona kwanoma yiziphi izinkinga ezihlobene. Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezivamile zihlanganisa: 

• Ukubhekana Nembangela: Uma imbangela ye-cirrhosis ibonakala, njengokusebenzisa kabi utshwala okungapheli noma i-hepatitis yegciwane, udokotela uzogxila ekwelapheni isimo esiyisisekelo sokumisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo. 
• Izinguquko Zendlela Yokuphila: Ukwamukela ukukhetha kwendlela yokuphila enempilo, okuhlanganisa kodwa kungagcini lapho Ukudla okunazo zonke, ukuvivinya umzimba, nokwenqaba ngokuphelele utshwala, kunganciphisa ukuqhubeka kwe-cirrhosis futhi kuvimbele ukulimala okwengeziwe kwesibindi. 
• Imithi: Imithi ethile ingakwazi ukulawula izimpawu ze-cirrhosis, njengama-diuretics ukunciphisa ukugcwala koketshezi, ama-laxatives ukubhekana nokuqunjelwa, kanye nama-antibiotics ukwelapha izifo. 
• Ukufakelwa Kwesibindi: Ezimweni ze-cirrhosis ethuthukisiwe, yesigaba sokuphela, inqubo yokufakelwa kwesibindi ingaba ukuphela kwendlela yokwelapha esebenzayo. 
• Ukunakekelwa Okusekelayo: Kuye ngezidingo zomuntu ngamunye, izinyathelo zokunakekela ezisekelayo zingase zihlanganise ukusekelwa okunomsoco, ukuphathwa kwezinkinga, nokunciphisa ubuhlungu. 

Izingozi Zesibindi Se-Cirrhosis

Izici ezithile zingandisa ingozi yomuntu yokuba ne-cirrhosis, okuhlanganisa: 

• Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kotshwala obunzima kungenye yezimbangela eziphambili ze-cirrhosis. 
• Ukutheleleka isikhathi eside nge i-hepatitis B noma amagciwane C angandisa kakhulu ingozi yokuthola isifo sokuqina kwesibindi. 
• Izimo ze-Metabolic ezifana nesifo sesibindi esinamafutha e-non-alcoholic (NAFLD) kanye ne-nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) zingaholela ku-cirrhosis. 
• Izifo ezithile ze-autoimmune (primary biliary cholangitis & primary sclerosing cholangitis) zingabangela ukuvuvukala kwesibindi kanye nezibazi, okuholela ku-cirrhosis. 
• Ukuphazamiseka kofuzo okungajwayelekile, njengesifo sikaWilson kanye ne-hemochromatosis, kungabeka abantu phambili ekuthuthukisweni kwe-cirrhosis. 
• Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside kubuthi obuthile, njengamakhemikhali ezimboni noma imithi ethile, kungaba nomthelela ekwakhekeni kwesifo sokuqina kwesibindi. 
• Abantu abanesifo senhliziyo esingamahlalakhona bangase babe sengozini eyengeziwe yokuthola isifo sokusha kwesibindi ngenxa yethonya layo ekusebenzeni kwesibindi. 

Izinkinga ze-Liver Cirrhosis

I-Cirrhosis ingaholela ezinhlobonhlobo zezinkinga ezinkulu ezingathinta impilo yomuntu kanye nezinga lempilo, njenge: 

• I-Ascites: Ukwakheka koketshezi emgodini wesisu kungabangela ukuvuvukala nokungakhululeki. 
• I-Variceal Bleeding: Imithambo ekhulisiwe kumphimbo noma esiswini ingaqhuma futhi ibangele ukopha kakhulu. 
• I-Hepatic Encephalopathy: Izinguquko ekusebenzeni kwengqondo, kusukela ekudidekeni kuya ekuqulekeni, ngenxa yokunqwabelana kobuthi emzimbeni. 
• Umdlavuza Wesibindi: Abantu abane-cirrhosis banengozi eyengeziwe yokuthuthukisa i-hepatocellular carcinoma. 
• Ukwehluleka Kwezinso: I-Cirrhosis ingaholela ekuthuthukisweni kwezinkinga zezinso, ezihlanganisa ezinzima noma ezingapheli ukuhluleka kwezinso. 
• Ukutheleleka: Abantu abane-cirrhosis basengozini yokuthola izifo. 
• Ukuphazamiseka Kokopha Nokujiyisa: I-cirrhosis ingaphazamisa ikhono lesibindi lokukhiqiza amaprotheni avala igazi, okuholela engozini enkulu yokopha kanye nemihuzuko. 

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enezimpawu ezingase zihlobene nesifo sokusha kwesibindi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha. Lezi zimpawu zingaba: 

• Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo noma ubuthakathaka 
• Ukuncipha kwesisindo okungachazwanga noma ukulahlekelwa ukudla 
• Ubuhlungu besisu noma ukungakhululeki 
• Ukuvuvukala emilenzeni noma esiswini 
• Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo (i-jaundice) 
• Ukulimala kalula noma ukopha 
• Izinguquko ekusebenzeni kwengqondo (ukudideka noma ukudideka) 

Ukuvimbela I-Cirrhosis Yesibindi

Nakuba ezinye izici eziyingozi ze-cirrhosis zingakwazi ukulawulwa (izifo zofuzo), kunezinyathelo ezimbalwa umuntu angazithatha ukuze anciphise ubungozi futhi avimbele ukukhula kwalesi simo: 

• Ukugwema ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile noma ukungaphuzi 
• Ukugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo, kuhlanganise nokudla ukudla okulinganiselayo, ukuzivocavoca umzimba njalo 
• Lawula izimo zempilo ezicashile 
• Ukunciphisa ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali ayingozi, ukungcola kwezimboni, kanye nemithi ethile engalimaza isibindi 
• Gonywa, njengoba ukugonyelwa isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukukhula kwesifo sokusha kwesibindi esibangelwa yilokhu kutheleleka ngegciwane. 
• Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kokusebenza kwesibindi nokuqapha kungasiza ekutholeni izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sesibindi, okuvumela ukungenelela okufika ngesikhathi kanye nokuvimbela i-cirrhosis. 

Amakhambi Asekhaya E-Liver Cirrhosis

Amakhambi amaningana asekhaya kanye nokuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila kungahambisana nohlelo lokwelapha futhi kusekele impilo yesibindi iyonke. Lokhu kubandakanya: 

• Izinguquko Zokudla: Ukwamukela ukudla okulinganiselayo, okunomsoco okunomsoco ophansi we-sodium kanye ne-fiber ephezulu kungathuthukisa impilo yesibindi nokulawula izimpawu. Izincomo ezithile zokudla okunomsoco zingafaka: 
  • Ukudla okufanele kwezithelo, imifino nokusanhlamvu 
  • Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwenyama ebomvu nokudla okugayiwe 
  • Ukuhlala unamanzi amaningi ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi 
  • Ukugwema noma ukukhawulela ukuphuza utshwala 
• Izithako Zemithi: Izithasiselo ezifana nethistle yobisi, i-turmeric, negalikhi ziye zaqashelwa ngamandla azo okusekela impilo yesibindi nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala. Nokho, ukubonisana nodokotela ngaphambi kokuqala noma yiziphi izithasiselo ezintsha kubalulekile. 
• Ukuzivocavoca umzimba: Ukuzivocavoca umzimba okuvamile, okulinganiselwe kungasiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwesibindi, ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala, nokusekela inhlalakahle jikelele. 
• Ukulawulwa Kokucindezeleka: Ukucindezeleka okungapheli kungabhebhethekisa isifo sesibindi, ngakho-ke ukufaka amasu okunciphisa ukucindezeleka, njengokuzindla, ukuphefumula okujulile, noma ukuzivocavoca umzimba, kungaba yinzuzo. 
• Ukuyeka Ukubhema: Ukuyeka ukubhema kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukulimala okwengeziwe kwesibindi futhi kwehlise nengozi yezinkinga ezihlobene nesifo sokuqina kwesibindi. 

Isiphetho 

I-Cirrhosis yisifo sesibindi esiqhubekayo esingaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yomuntu kanye nezinga lempilo. Ngokuqonda izimbangela, izimpawu, kanye nezindlela zokwelashwa kwe-cirrhosis, abantu bangathatha izinyathelo ezisheshayo zokulawula lesi simo futhi bavimbele ezinye izinkinga. 

FAQs

1. Kuvame kangakanani ukucindezelwa kwegazi?

I-Cirrhosis yisifo sesibindi esivame kakhulu esithinta izigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele, isifo sokusha kwesibindi esihlobene notshwala kanye nesifo sesibindi esinamafutha angenatshwala yisona esivame kakhulu. 
izimbangela. 

2. Ingabe isibindi sakho singalulama ku-cirrhosis?

Isibindi singalulama ezigabeni zokuqala ze-cirrhosis uma imbangela eyisisekelo ixazululwa futhi ukuqhubekela phambili kwesifo kumiswa. Kodwa-ke, i-cirrhosis ethuthukisiwe noma yokuphela kwesikhathi ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengengenakuhlehliswa, futhi ukugxila kushintshela ekulawuleni isimo nokuvimbela ezinye izinkinga. 

3. Ingabe i-cirrhosis ingabuyiseleka emuva?

Nakuba i-cirrhosis ngokuvamile iyisifo esiqhubekayo, kwezinye izimo, isibindi singabonisa izimpawu zokuvuselelwa kanye nokwenza ngcono uma imbangela eyinhloko ibhekwa ngokushesha. Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kwenzeke ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke izibazi ezinkulu. Nokho, ezimeni ezithuthukile, umonakalo esibindini awulungiseki. 

4. Kuyini ukudla okulungile kwe-cirrhosis? 

Ukudla okunomsoco, okunomsoco kubalulekile kubantu abane-cirrhosis, okuhlanganisa: 

• Ukuncipha kwe-sodium nokusetshenziswa okulinganiselwe kwenyama ebomvu nokudla okugayiwe 
• Ukusetshenziswa okwengeziwe kwemifino ephilayo, izithelo, nokusanhlamvu okuphelele 
• Imithombo yamaphrotheni engenawo amandla, njengezinhlanzi, izinkukhu, noma izinketho ezisekelwe ezitshalweni 
• I-hydration efanele ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi 
• Ukugwema noma ukuphuza utshwala okulinganiselwe 

CARE Medical Team

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