I-Colitis

Wake wabhekana nobuhlungu besisu obungapheli noma uhambo oluvamile lokuya endlini yokugezela? Lezi kungaba yizimpawu ze-colitis, isimo esithinta izigidi emhlabeni wonke. I-colitis ihilela ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwamakholoni, okubangela ukungakhululeki nokuphazamisa impilo yansuku zonke. 

Iyini i-colitis? 

I-colitis yisimo esibonakala ngokuvuvukala kwekholoni, okuyingxenye eyinhloko yamathumbu amakhulu. Lokhu kuvuvukala kuthinta ulwelwesi lwekholoni, kubangela ukungakhululeki futhi kuphazamise izigaba zokugcina zokugaya. Ikholoni idlala indima ebalulekile enqubweni yokugaya ukudla, isebenze njengomlenze wokugcina wohambo ukudla okudlula kulo. uhlelo lokugaya ukudla. 

Izinhlobo ze-Colitis 

I-colitis ivela ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, ngayinye inezimbangela nezici ezihlukile, njenge: 

• I-Ulcerative colitis (UC) 
• I-pseudomembranous colitis 
• Ischemic colitis 
• I-Microscopic colitis 
• I-allergic colitis 
• I-colitis esithathelwanayo 
• I-radiation colitis 
• I-Diversion colitis 

Izimpawu ze-Colitis 

Ezigabeni zokuqala, abantu bangase babe nesifo sohudo, esingase sibe negazi noma singabi nalo. Ukwanda kokuphuma kwamathumbu, ngokuvamile iziqephu ezine noma ezimbalwa nsuku zonke, kuyavama. Ukunyakaza kwamathumbu okuphuthumayo kanye ne-tenesmus, umuzwa wokudinga ukuzikhulula ngaphandle kokukwazi, nakho kwenzeka. Ubuhlungu besisu obuncane noma ukuzwela kungase kuhambisane nezinye izimpawu ze-colitis. 

Njengoba isimo siqhubeka, izimpawu zokuqunjelwa ezimaphakathi kuya kwezinzima zingakhula. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukunyakaza kwamathumbu kaningi, ngokuvamile okudlula iziqephu ezine ngosuku. Igazi, amafinyila, noma ubomvu kungase kuvele esitulweni. Ubuhlungu besisu obunamandla buba sobala kakhulu, futhi abantu bangase babe nokukhathala, ukuncipha kwesisindo kungazelelwe, isicanucanu, kanye nomkhuhlane. 

Izinkinga ze-colitis 

Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-colitis zinezimbangela ezihlukahlukene, njenge: 

• I-colitis ethathelwanayo ibangelwa izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, izimuncagazi, noma amagciwane, ngokuvamile ezitholakala ngokudla noma amanzi angcolile. I-Salmonella kanye ne-E. coli yizigebengu ezivamile. 
• I-pseudomembranous colitis ngokuvamile ibangelwa ukukhula ngokweqile kwe-C. diff, okubangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic. 
• I-allergic colitis ithinta izingane ezincela ibele ngenxa yokungabekezelelani kokudla, ngokuvamile kumaprotheni obisi noma e-soy obisini lwebele. 
• I-Ischemic colitis yenzeka lapho ukunikezwa kwegazi emathunjini kunganele, ngokuvamile okubangelwa ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi njengamahlule noma i-atherosclerosis. 
• Izifo zamathumbu ezivuvukalayo, kuhlanganise ne-ulcerative colitis kanye ne-microscopic colitis, azikho isizathu esiqondile. Odokotela bakholelwa ukuthi yizimo ze-autoimmune, ngokwengxenye zofuzo futhi zibangelwa izici zemvelo. 
• I-Radiation colitis ingumphumela ongathandeki we ukwelashwa komdlavuza.
• I-Diversion colitis ingenzeka ngemuva kwe-colostomy. 

Sifo 

Ekuqaleni, odokotela babuyekeza umlando wezokwelapha wesiguli futhi bahlole umzimba. Phakathi nalokhu kuhlolwa, bahlola izimpawu ezifana nokuphaphatheka, okungase kubonise i-anemia nokuthambile kwesisu okubangelwa ukuvuvukala. Baphinde balalele imisindo ngaphakathi kwesisu besebenzisa i-stethoscope. 

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kusiza ukuhlonza izimpawu ze-colitis kanye nezinkinga ezihlobene. Lokhu kuhlola kungaveza i-anemia, ukuvuvukala, noma izimpawu zokutheleleka. 
• Ukuhlaziywa kwamasampula endle kusiza ekukhipheni izifo ezingase zidale izimpawu ezifanayo. 
• Uma kusolakala ukuthi isifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kuyadingeka. Lokhu kubandakanya:
  • Izinqubo ze-Endoscopic: I-Colonoscopy kanye ne-sigmoidoscopy eguquguqukayo ivumela odokotela ukuthi babuke ulwelwesi lwamakholoni futhi bathathe amasampula ezicubu ukuze bahlolwe. 
  • Ukuhlolwa Kwezithombe: Ama-X-ray, ama-CT scan, noma i-MR enterography isiza ukukhipha izinkinga nokuhlola izinga lokuvuvukala. 
  • I-Tissue Biopsy: Lokhu kubalulekile ekuxilongeni okuqondile kwe-ulcerative colitis. 

Ukwelashwa 

Indlela yokwelapha i-colitis incike ohlotsheni nobukhulu bayo. Odokotela bavame ukuqala ngemithi yokuphatha izimpawu ze-colitis nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala. 

• Imithi elwa nokuvuvukala ngokuvamile iwumugqa wokuqala wokwelashwa kokuqunjelwa. 
• Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, odokotela bangase batuse i-corticosteroids ukucindezela amasosha omzimba nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala ngokushesha. 
• Ama-immunosuppressants asetshenziswa lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingaphumeleli. 
• I-Biologics, ikilasi elisha lezidakamizwa, iqondise amaprotheni athile amasosha omzimba. 

Izingozi ze-Colitis 

I-Colitis ihilela ukusebenzisana okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezinto ezikhulisa ukuthambekela komuntu kulesi simo. 

• Iminyaka yobudala idlala indima ebalulekile, ukuxilonga okuningi kwenzeka phakathi kweminyaka eyi-15 nengama-30 noma ngemuva kweminyaka engama-60. 
• Ubuhlanga nobuzwe nakho kunomthelela engcupheni, lapho abantu abamhlophe bebhekene namathuba aphezulu okuba nesifo sokuquleka. 
• Umuntu onesihlobo segazi (umzali, ingane yakini, noma ingane) onesifo sokuqaqamba kwamathumbu noma 
• Isifo sikaCrohn sithambekele kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni lesi simo. 

Izinkinga ze-Colitis 

I-Colitis ingaholela ezinkingeni ezihlukahlukene ezithinta kokubili uhlelo lokugaya nezinye izingxenye zomzimba, kuhlanganise: 

• Cishe oyedwa kwabathathu abantu abane-ulcerative colitis uba nokuvuvukala okungaphezu kwamathumbu, okwaziwa ngokuthi ukubonakaliswa kwangaphandle kwamathumbu. Lokhu kungathinta amathambo, amalunga, isikhumba namehlo. 
• Iziguli ze-colitis ziba lula kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni i-osteoporosis. Lesi simo sidala amathambo abuthakathaka, okwenza ajwayele ukuphuka. 
• I-Colitis kanye nokwelashwa kwayo kungathinta ukukhula kanye nokubambezeleka kokuthomba ezinganeni. 
• I-colitis iphinde ikhulise ingozi yomdlavuza we-colon, ikakhulukazi ezimeni zokuvuvukala okukhulu noma okuhlala isikhathi eside. 
• Ezimweni eziphuthumayo, ukuqunjelwa kungabangela izinkinga ezisongela ukuphila ezifana nokubhobozwa kwekholoni, ukopha kakhulu okudinga ukumpontshelwa, kanye ne-megacolon enobuthi. 

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela 

Abantu abaphethwe isifo sohudo esiqhubekayo, igazi esitulweni sabo, noma ubuhlungu obungapheli obunomkhuhlane omkhulu kufanele bathinte udokotela wabo ngokushesha. Lezi zimpawu azibonisi ukuthi i-colitis, kodwa zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. 

Prevention 

Nakuba kungenakwenzeka ukunqanda ngokuphelele ukuqubuka kwe-colitis, abantu ngabanye bangathatha izinyathelo zokulawula isimo sabo futhi banciphise amathuba okuba izimpawu zibe zimbi kakhulu. 

• Elinye lamasu aphumelela kakhulu ukuhlonza nokugwema izibangeli. Lokhu kuvame ukubandakanya ukugcina ijenali yokudla yansuku zonke ukuze ulandelele ukukhetha kokudla kanye nemiphumela yako ezimpawini. Kubantu abaningi abane-colitis, ukudla okuthile kungandisa izimpawu. Izimbangela ezivamile zihlanganisa imikhiqizo ye-lactose, inyama ebomvu negayiwe, utshwala, iziphuzo ze-carbonated, ukudla okunoshukela, ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, nokudla okubabayo. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izibangeli zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Ukusebenza nodokotela we-gastroenterologist kanye nochwepheshe bezokudla ukuze bakhe uhlelo lokudla komuntu siqu kungasiza abantu ukuthi bagweme ukudla okudlayo ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni imisoco ebalulekile. 
• Ukulawula ingcindezi kudlala indima enkulu ekuvimbeleni ukuqubuka. Okuvamile Ukuvivinya, ukuthola okungenani amahora ayisikhombisa okulala ubusuku ngabunye, nokuzijwayeza izindlela zokuphumula ezifana nokuzindla noma i-yoga kungasiza ekunciphiseni amazinga okucindezeleka. 
• Ukuphathwa kwemithi kungenye ingxenye ebalulekile yokuvimbela. Ukuthatha imishanguzo eshiwo njengokuyaliwe kubalulekile ukuze ugcine isifo sokuqaqamba kwamalunga. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqapha ngemithi ethile etholakala ngaphandle kwekhawunta, ikakhulukazi ama-NSAID, angenza izimpawu zibe zimbi kakhulu. 

Isiphetho 

Ukuphathwa kwe-colitis kuhilela inhlanganisela yokwelashwa, ukulungiswa kwendlela yokuphila, nokunakekelwa okuqhubekayo. Abantu bangathuthukisa izinga labo lempilo ngokusebenzisana eduze nezabo i-gastroenterologist, ukuhlonza izimbangela nokuhlala unolwazi mayelana nentuthuko yakamuva ocwaningweni lokuqunjelwa. Khumbula, nakuba i-colitis ingaba yinselele, ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokusekelwa, abantu abaningi baphila ukuphila okwanelisayo naphezu kwalesi simo. 

FAQ sika

1. Ingabe i-colitis yisifo esibi kakhulu? 

I-Colitis yisimo samathumbu esivuvukalayo esingamahlalakhona esingaba sibi kakhulu. Nakuba ngokuvamile kuvame ukubeka ukuphila engozini, kungandisa ingozi yezinkinga ezinzima, ikakhulukazi uma ingaphenduli ekwelashweni. 

2. Ingabe i-colitis iyaphela? 

I-colitis ayipheli ngokuphelele, kodwa ingalawuleka. Lesi simo sivame ukubandakanya izikhathi zokuqubuka kwezimpawu ezilandelwa yizikhathi zokuxolelwa. Ngokwelashwa okufanele, abantu abaningi bathola ukuxolelwa isikhathi eside. 

3. Iyini imbangela eyinhloko ye-colitis? 

Imbangela eqondile ye-colitis ayikacaci. Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kuhilela ukusebenzisana okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezinto, okuhlanganisa: 

• I-Genetics: Izakhi zofuzo ezithile zingase zikhulise ukuthinteka. 
• Ukungasebenzi Kwesistimu Yokuzivikela: Ukusabela okungavamile kwamasosha omzimba kungase kubangele ukuvuvukala kukholoni. 
• Izici Zemvelo: Amaphethini okudla aseNtshonalanga, indlela yokuphila, nezinto ezibangela ukubhema noma ukungcoliswa komoya kungaba nomthelela. 

4. Ingabe kufanele ngikhathazeke nge-colitis? 

Nakuba i-colitis iyisimo esibucayi, iyalawuleka ngokunakekelwa okufanele. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuqaphela izinkinga ezingase zibe khona. 

5. Yikuphi ukudla okufanele ukugweme nge-colitis? 

Abantu abane-colitis kufanele bagweme: 

• Ukudla okunefiber ephezulu (imifino eluhlaza, amantongomane, okusanhlamvu) 
• Imikhiqizo ye-lactose (yalabo abangabekezeleli i-lactose) 
• Inyama ebomvu negayiwe 
• Utshwala neziphuzo ze-carbonated 
• Ukudla okunoshukela notshwala obushukela 
• Ukudla okunamafutha amaningi 
• Ukudla okunezipayisi 
• I-Gluten (yabanye abantu) 

6. Kubuhlungu kangakanani ukuqunjelwa? 

Ubuhlungu be-colitis bungahluka kakhulu phakathi kwabantu-cishe ama-33% abantu abane-colitis engapheli ubuhlungu besisu. Ubuhlungu buvame ukuvela ku-rectum nangaphansi kwesobunxele besisu. Ngesikhathi sokuqubuka komlilo, abantu bangase babe nokuminyanisa, ukuphuthuma, nokungakhululeki ngesikhathi sokunyakaza kwamathumbu. 

CARE Medical Team

3