Isifo Sikashukela Ekukhulelweni

Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa (isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa) yisimo esibucayi esithinta omama abaningi abakhulelwe. Lezi zimpawu zesifo sikashukela ekukhulelweni zingaba zicashile, ngakho ukuya njalo ukuhlolwa kubalulekile. Ukuqonda ukuthi yini ebangela isifo sikashukela ekukhulelweni, njengezakhi zofuzo noma isisindo, kungasiza abesifazane ukuthi bathathe izinyathelo zokunciphisa ingozi yabo. Ngokunakekelwa nokuphathwa okufanele, iningi labesifazane abanesifo sikashukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa bangakwazi ukukhulelwa okunempilo kanye nezingane. 

Siyini Isifo Sikashukela Ekukhulelweni? 

Isifo sikashukela ekukhulelweni, noma isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, yisimo esiba khona ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa lapho umzimba womuntu wesifazane ungakwazi ukuthukuthela ngokwanele. insulin ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezengeziwe zokuthwala umntwana. Lokhu kubangela amazinga kashukela aphezulu, okuthinta kokubili umama nengane engakazalwa. Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa sivame ukuvela ku-trimester yesibili noma yesithathu, ngokuvamile phakathi kweviki lama-24 nelama-28 lokukhulelwa. 

Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa yisifo sesikhashana esivame ukunyamalala ngemva kokubeletha. Kodwa-ke, abesifazane abanomlando wesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa banethuba eliphakeme lokuthuthuka thayipha 2 sikashukela mellitus kamuva ekuphileni. 

Izimbangela Nezingozi Zesifo Sikashukela Ekukhulelweni 

Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, izinguquko zamahomoni zenza kube nzima ngomzimba ukusebenzisa i-insulin ngokuphumelelayo, okuholela ekumelaneni ne-insulin. Lokhu kungezwani kusho ukuthi i-insulin eningi iyadingeka ukuze kugcinwe amazinga kashukela ebangeni elijwayelekile. Ezimweni eziningi, amanyikwe angakhuphula ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin ukuze ahlangabezane nalesi sidingo. Kodwa-ke, ama-pancreas awakwazi ukunamathela kwabanye besifazane, okuholela ekukhuphukeni kwamazinga kashukela egazini. 

Kunezici eziningana ezingandisa amathuba okuba nesifo sikashukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lokhu kubandakanya: 

• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile noma ukukhuluphala ngaphambi kokukhulelwa 
• Ukuba nomlando womndeni wesifo sikashukela 
• Ukuba ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-25 
• Ukuba nomlando wesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa esikhathini esedlule ukukhulelwa 
• Ngemva kokubeletha ingane enkulu ngaphambili (ngaphezu kuka-4.5kg noma 10lb) 
• Ukuba ngowaseNingizimu Asia, Omnyama, wase-African Caribbean, noma isizinda saseMpumalanga Ephakathi 
• Having i-polycystic ovary syndrome (i-PCOS) 
• Ukuba ne-prediabetes (amazinga eglucose egazi angaphezulu kokujwayelekile) 

Izimpawu Zesifo Sikashukela Lapho Ukhulelwe

Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ngokuvamile asibangeli izimpawu ezibonakalayo. Abesifazane abaningi bayamangala lapho bezwa ukuthi banalesi simo, njengoba sivame ukutholwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okujwayelekile. 

Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zesifo sikashukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zihlanganisa: 

• Ukoma okwandayo nokuchama njalo 
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu kunokujwayelekile 
• Ukuluma kwezitho zangasese noma i-thrush 
• Amehlo afiphele 
• I-nausea 

Izinkinga 

Isifo sikashukela ekukhulelweni singaholela ezinkingeni ezihlukahlukene kumama nengane. Lezi zinkinga zingaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu uma zingalawulwa ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kubandakanya: 

• I-Pre-eclampsia, isimo esibonakala ngomfutho wegazi ophakeme oyingozi 
• I-Polyhydramnios, isimo esibucayi esibonakala ngoketshezi oluningi lwe-amniotic oluzungeze ingane. 
• Inkinga yokuphefumula ngesikhathi sokuzalwa 
• Ingozi ephezulu yokuthola ushukela wegazi ophansi (hypoglycemia) kanye i-jaundice ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa. 
• I-Macrosomia, lapho umbungu ukhula ube mkhulu kunesilinganiso, kubangela ubunzima ngesikhathi sokubeletha, okwandisa amathuba okudinga ukuhlinzwa noma ukulimala ngesikhathi sokubeletha. 
• Amathuba aphezulu okuba nokukhuluphala ngokweqile noma isifo sikashukela kamuva ekuphileni komntwana 
• Izinkinga zokufunda nokuziphatha enganeni 

Sifo 

Ukuhlonza isifo sikashukela lapho ukhulelwe ngokuvamile kuhilela ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola ukuthi umzimba wakho usebenzisa kanjani i-glucose. 

Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela i-Glucose Oral (OGTT): Lokhu kuhlola okuyinhloko ngokuvamile kwenziwa phakathi kwamaviki angama-24 nama-28 okukhulelwa. Kubandakanya ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngemva kokuzila ukudla amahora angu-8 kuya kwayi-10 nokuphuza isixazululo se-glucose. Ngemva kokuphumula amahora amabili, kuthathwa elinye isampula legazi ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umzimba wakho uwuphatha kanjani i-glucose. 

Ngokuvamile uzotholakala ukuthi unesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa uma izinga le-glucose yakho yokuzila ukudla lingu-5.6mmol/L noma ngaphezulu noma uma izinga le-glucose yakho yamahora ama-2 liku-7.8mmol/L noma ngaphezulu. 

Ukwelashwa Kwesifo Sikashukela Lapho Ukhulelwe 

Ukulawula isifo sikashukela ekukhulelweni kubandakanya inhlanganisela yezinguquko zendlela yokuphila kanye nokungenelela kwezokwelapha: 

• Kwabesifazane abaningi, izinguquko zokudla kanye nokusebenza ngokomzimba kwanele ukugcina amazinga kashukela egazini. 
• Uma amazinga eglucose esegazini ehlala ephezulu naphezu kokushintsha kwendlela yokuphila, kubalulekile ukuthi ungakukhawuleli ngokweqile ukudla, njengoba lokhu kungaholela ekwehleni kwesisindo esingathandeki. Kunalokho, imithi ingase idingeke ukusekela a Ukudla okunazo zonke nokukhulelwa okunempilo. 
• Imithi emibili eyinhloko isetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo sikashukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa: i-metformin ne-insulin. 

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela 

Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukuhlolwa okuvamile kubalulekile ukuze uqaphe isimo sakho futhi ubhekane nanoma yiziphi izinguquko ezingase zibe nomthelela empilweni yakho noma yengane yakho. Uma uba nesifo sikashukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ungase udinge ukubonwa kaningi, ikakhulukazi phakathi nezinyanga ezintathu zokugcina zokukhulelwa. 

Funa iseluleko esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha uma uba nezimpawu zoshukela ophezulu wegazi, njengokoma okwandayo, ukuvuthwa njalo, noma a umlomo owomile. Ungalindi ukuhlolwa kwakho okulandelayo okuhleliwe. 

Prevention 

Ukuvimbela isifo sikashukela ekukhulelweni kuqala ngokuthatha imikhuba enempilo ngaphambi kokukhulelwa. Nakuba zingekho iziqinisekiso, ukuthatha izinyathelo ezisheshayo kunganciphisa ingozi yesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa. Lokhu kubandakanya: 

• Ukudla okulinganiselayo: Gxila ekudleni okune-fiber ephezulu namafutha aphansi nama-calories. Faka phakathi izithelo eziningi, imifino, amaprotheni amancane, imikhiqizo yobisi, nokusanhlamvu okuphelele ekudleni kwakho. Kubalulekile ukubuka osayizi bezingxenye futhi unciphise ukudla okugayiwe, okuthosiwe nokudla okulula okunoshukela. 
• Umsebenzi Ojwayelekile Womzimba: Yenza okungenani imizuzu engama-30 yokuzivocavoca okuphakathi kwezinsuku ezi-5 kuya kweziyisi-6 ngesonto. Imisebenzi efana nokuhamba ngokushesha, ukubhukuda, noma i-yoga yokubeletha ingathuthukisa ukuzwela kwe-insulin futhi ilawule isisindo. 
• Ukugcina Isisindo Esinempilo: Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa, ukulahlekelwa isisindo esengeziwe kusengaphambili kungaholela ekukhulelweni okunempilo. Sebenza nodokotela wakho ukuze wenze ngendlela oyifisayo uhlelo lokuzuza isisindo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. 
• Ukuhlala Unamanzi Anele: Izinga le-hydration elifanele lingasiza ukuzinzisa amazinga kashukela egazini. 
• Imisebenzi yokunciphisa ingcindezi: Imisebenzi yokuphefumula okujulile noma ukuzindla kungaba nomthelela enhlalakahleni yonke. 

Isiphetho 

Isifo sikashukela ekukhulelweni sinezinselele, kodwa ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokuphathwa kahle, iningi labesifazane lingakwazi ukukhulelwa kanye nezingane ezinempilo. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi, ukuhlolwa njalo, kanye nokulandela izeluleko zezokwelapha kuyisihluthulelo sokugcina amazinga eglucose egazi ehlolwa. Ukuzivocavoca umzimba njalo, ukudla okulinganiselayo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi imithi kulawula lesi simo ngokuphawulekayo. Ukwazi izimpawu zesifo sikashukela ngesikhathi ukhulelwe nokwazi izinto eziyingozi yakho kungakusiza ukuthi uthathe isinyathelo kusenesikhathi. 

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa 

1. Ngingasilawula kanjani isifo sikashukela ngesikhathi ngikhulelwe? 

Ukulawula isifo sikashukela ekukhulelweni kuhilela ukugcina amazinga kashukela egazini ebangeni eliphephile. Lokhu kungafezwa ngenhlanganisela yokudla, ukuvivinya umzimba, nemithi uma kunesidingo. Kubalulekile ukuqapha njalo amazinga kashukela egazini, njengoba kuncoma udokotela wakho. Khomba ukudla okunomsoco okunezingxenye ezilawulwayo zama-carbohydrate, futhi uhlale umatasatasa. Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo noma ukuhamba ngemva kokudla kungasiza ukwehlisa izinga likashukela egazini. Uma ukudla nokuzivocavoca kukodwa kungenele, udokotela wakho angase akunikeze i-insulini noma eminye imithi ukusiza ukulawula ushukela wakho wegazi. 

2. Kwenzekani uma unesifo sikashukela ngesikhathi ukhulelwe? 

Ukuba nesifo sikashukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungaholela ezinkingeni ezihlukahlukene uma kungalawulwa ngendlela efanele. Kungase kwenyuse ingozi yokuba nengane enkulu (i-macrosomia), engenza ukubeletha kube nzima kakhulu. Kukhona futhi namathuba aphezulu okudinga ukuhlinzwa ngokuhlinzwa noma ukubeletha kwakho. Isifo sikashukela ekukhulelweni singandisa futhi ingozi yoku ukukhulelwa kwesisu kanye nokubeletha. Ukwengeza, ingane yakho ingase ibe sengcupheni yokuthuthukisa ushukela wegazi ophansi (hypoglycemia) ngemva nje kokuzalwa. Kodwa-ke, ngokuphathwa nokunakekelwa okufanele, iningi labesifazane abanesifo sikashukela bakhulelwa kahle nabantwana. 

3. Liyini izinga likashukela elijwayelekile ekukhulelweni? 

Kwabesifazane abanesifo sikashukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, amazinga kashukela egazi ahlosiwe ajwayelekile: 

• Ukuzila ukudla (ngaphambi kokudla): ngaphansi kuka-5.3 mmol/L 
• Ihora elilodwa ngemva kokudla: ngaphansi kuka-7.8 mmol/L 
• Amahora amabili ngemva kokudla: ngaphansi kuka-6.4 mmol/L 

4. Ingabe isifo sikashukela singakuthinta ukuba nengane? 

Yebo, isifo sikashukela singathinta ukuba nengane, kodwa ngokuphathwa ngendlela efanele, iningi labesifazane abanesifo sikashukela bakhulelwa kahle nabantwana. Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa singase sandise ingozi yezinkinga ezithile, njengokuthola umntwana omkhulu noma ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Kungase futhi kuthinte impilo yengane, okungase kuholele kushukela osegazini ngemva kokuzalwa noma ingozi eyengeziwe yokukhuluphala futhi thayipha isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kamuva ekuphileni. Kodwa-ke, ungazinciphisa kakhulu lezi zingozi ngokugcina ukulawulwa kahle kweglucose yegazi ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

UDkt. Neha V Bhargava

MS, DNB (obgyn), MNAMS, Fellow (Gynae Oncology)
I-Ganga CARE Hospital Limited, eNagpur

Ukuze Ubhukhe Isikhathi, shayela:

+ 91 40-68106529

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