Dysmenorrhea

I-Dysmenorrhea, noma izinhlungu ezinzima zokuya esikhathini, zithinta izigidi zabesifazane emhlabeni wonke. Lesi simo singathinta ngokujulile impilo yansuku zonke, sibangele ukungakhululeki futhi siphazamise umsebenzi, isikole, kanye nemisebenzi yezenhlalo. Ukukhululeka kobuhlungu be-Dysmenorrhea sekuyinkinga ebalulekile kwabaningi abafuna ukuphatha izimpawu zabo ngempumelelo. 

Ukuqonda i-dysmenorrhea nezimbangela zayo kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuthola impumuzo. Lesi sihloko sihlola izici ezihlukahlukene ze-dysmenorrhea, okuhlanganisa izimpawu zayo, izinhlobo, nezici zobungozi. 

Iyini i-Dysmenorrhea? 

Kuyisimo sezempilo kwabesifazane esibonakala ngezikhathi ezibuhlungu zokuya esikhathini noma amajaqamba. Lobu buhlungu kwenzeka lapho isibeletho sifinyela ukuze sichithe ulwelwesi lwaso ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini. Nakuba i-cramping yokuya esikhathini emaphakathi kuya kokulinganisela kulindeleke, abanye besifazane baba nobuhlungu obukhulu obuphazamisa imisebenzi yabo yansuku zonke. 

Izinhlobo ze-Dysmenorrhea 

I-Dysmenorrhea ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: eyinhloko neyesibili. 

• I-dysmenorrhea eyinhloko uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-dysmenorrhea, eyenzeka ngaphandle kwesimo sezempilo esingaphansi. Ngokuvamile iqala ngemva nje kokuba owesifazane eqale ukuya esikhathini futhi iqhubeke impilo yakhe yonke. Lolu hlobo lubangela amajaqamba amabi futhi avamile ngenxa yokufinyela okungavamile kwesibeletho. 
• Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-dysmenorrhea yesibili iqala kamuva ekuphileni futhi ihlotshaniswa nesimo sezempilo esibonakalayo. Izimbangela ezivamile zihlanganisa i-endometriosis, i-adenomyosis, fibroids, kanye nesifo sokuvuvukala kwezitho zangasese. 

Izimpawu Nezimpawu Ze-Dysmenorrhea 

I-Dysmenorrhea idala amajaqamba amakhulu okuya esikhathini aqala amahora angama-24 kuya kwangama-48 ngaphambi kokuqala kokuya esikhathini. Ubuhlungu, obuvame ukuchazwa ngokuthi ukushaya noma ukuqaqamba, ngokuvamile buzwakala ngaphansi kwesisu futhi bungaphumela emhlane ongezansi, ezinqulwini, kanye nasemathangeni angaphakathi. Abesifazane ababhekene ne-dysmenorrhea bangase bahlupheke: 

• I-nausea nokuhlanza 
• Uhudo 
• Ukuphathwa yikhanda 
• Ukukhathala

Izimbangela ze-Dysmenorrhea 

I-dysmenorrhea eyinhloko ibangelwa ukufinyela okungavamile kwesibeletho ngenxa yokungalingani kwamakhemikhali, ikakhulukazi i-prostaglandin. Lawa makhemikhali alawula ukufinyela kwesibeletho futhi akhona emazingeni aphezulu ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini. 

I-dysmenorrhea yesibili iphumela ezimweni eziningi zezokwelapha, njenge: 

• endometriosis (ulwelwesi lwesibeletho lukhula ngaphandle kwesibeletho) kuyimbangela evamile. 
• Isifo sokuvuvukala kwePelvic 
• I-uterine fibroids
• Ukukhulelwa okungajwayelekile 
• Izinkinga ze-anatomical, njengokungajwayelekile komlomo wesibeletho 

Izingozi Zezingozi 

Kunezici eziningana ezandisa amathuba okuba ne-dysmenorrhea, njenge: 

• Umlando womndeni we-dysmenorrhea nawo uphakamisa ingozi. 
• Izici zendlela yokuphila zidlala indima, njengokubhema nokuphuzwa kotshwala. 
• Ukukhuluphala kunomthelela ekwandeni kobuhlungu. 
• Izici zokuya esikhathini ezifana nokopha okukhulu noma okungajwayelekile kanye nemijikelezo emide kuhlotshaniswa nengozi ephezulu. 
• Izici ezingokomzwelo, ezihlanganisa ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, kanye ukucindezeleka, kungandisa izimpawu. 
• Ukwengeza, i-nulliparity (engakaze ibelwe) kanye nomlando wokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi yizici eziyingozi ezingaba khona. 

Izinkinga 

Nakuba i-dysmenorrhea eyinhloko ngokuvamile ingabangeli izinkinga ezengeziwe zezempilo, ingaphazamisa kakhulu impilo yansuku zonke. I-dysmenorrhea yesibili, noma kunjalo, ingase ibangele izinkinga ezinzima kakhulu kuye ngokuthi imbangela eyinhloko. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukungazali, ukuwohloka kwesitho se-pelvic, ukopha kakhulu, kanye ne-anemia. 

Ukuxilongwa kwe-Dysmenorrhea 

• Ukubuyekezwa Komlando Wezokwelapha: Ukuxilongwa kwe-dysmenorrhea kuhilela ukuhlola ngokucophelela izimpawu nomlando wezokwelapha. Odokotela bavame ukuqala ngengxoxo enemininingwane mayelana imijikelezo yokuya esikhathini, amaphethini obuhlungu, nezimpawu ezihambisanayo. 
• Ukuhlolwa Kwepelvic: Odokotela babesifazane bavame ukuhlola i-pelvic ukuze bahlole ukungahambi kahle ezithweni zokuzala. 

Kwezinye izimo, kungase kudingeke ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze kutholwe izizathu eziyisisekelo ze-dysmenorrhea. Lokhu kungafaka: 

• I-Ultrasound scan ukuze udale izithombe zesibeletho namaqanda. 
• Amasu okuthwebula athuthukile afana nezikena ze-CT noma i-MRIS ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi 
• Akuvamile, udokotela angase acele i-laparoscopy ukuze abuke ngokuqondile izitho ze-pelvic futhi abone izimo ezibangela ubuhlungu obukhulu bokuya esikhathini. 

Ukwelashwa kwe-Dysmenorrhea 

Ukunciphisa ubuhlungu be-Dysmenorrhea kugxile ekubhekaneni nezimpawu nezimbangela eziyisisekelo. 

• Ama-NSAID yimithi eyinhloko yobuhlungu be-dysmenorrhea, enciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-prostaglandin nokunciphisa ubuhlungu. Le mithi iphumelela kakhulu uma ithathwa ekuqaleni kwezimpawu. 
• Imithi yokuvimbela inzalo yamahomoni (amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha, ama-patches kanye nemishini ye-intrauterine) inikeza enye indlela esebenzayo ngokucindezela i-ovulation nokunciphisa ukugeleza kokuya esikhathini. 
• Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, inhlanganisela yama-NSAID kanye nokwelashwa kwamahomoni kungase kube 
• kuyadingeka. 
• Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezinjengokufaka ukushisa, ukubhucungwa umzimba, nezinguquko zokudla zingahambisana nokwelashwa. 
• Ezimweni ze-dysmenorrhea yesibili, ukubhekana nesimo esiyisisekelo kubalulekile ekulawuleni okuphumelelayo. 

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela 

Bonana nodokotela uma ubuhlungu obukhulu be-dysmenorrhea buphazamisa ukuphila kwakho kwansuku zonke noma uma izimpawu ziba zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Isiqondiso sezokwelapha esiqeqeshiwe siba sibalulekile uma ukwelashwa okulula kungazidambisi izimpawu noma uma ubuhlungu buthinta kakhulu izinga lakho lempilo. 

Imithi Yasekhaya Ye-Dysmenorrhea 

Amakhambi amaningana asebenzayo asekhaya anganikeza ukukhululeka kobuhlungu be-dysmenorrhea, njenge: 

• Ukufaka ukushisa esiswini usebenzisa ibhodlela lamanzi ashisayo noma i-pad yokushisa kusiza ukuphumula imisipha yesibeletho futhi kudambise ama-cramps. 
• Ukuzivocavoca, ikakhulukazi i-yoga, kungakhulula ama-endorphin futhi kunciphise ubuhlungu. Ama-herbal teas afana ne-chamomile noma i-peppermint anomphumela opholile. 
• I-massage emnene yesisu ngamafutha abalulekile inganciphisa ukungakhululeki. 
• Izinguquko zokudla, njengokwanda kokudla kwe-magnesium kanye ne-hydrated kahle, kungasiza ukuphatha izimpawu. 
• Izindlela zokuphumula nokuzinakekela zibalulekile ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini. 

Prevention 

Nakuba i-dysmenorrhea ingenakuvinjelwa ngokuphelele, izinguquko ezithile zokuphila zingasiza ekunciphiseni ubunzima bayo. 

• A Ukudla okunazo zonke nezithelo ezanele, imifino, okusanhlamvu okuphelele kanye nemifino kunganciphisa ukuvuvukala futhi kudambise ubuhlungu bokuya esikhathini. 
• Ukwengeza, ukudla okunamafutha aphansi, okune-fibre ephezulu kungasiza ekwehliseni amazinga e-estrogen, okungase kwehlise ukushuba kwamajaqamba okuya esikhathini. 
• Ukuyeka ukubhema kubalulekile, njengoba kungase kube isici esiyingozi se-dysmenorrhea. 
• Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo nokulawula ukukhathazeka nokucindezeleka ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo zokuphumula nakho kungakhulula ubuhlungu be-dysmenorrhea. 

Isiphetho 

I-Dysmenorrhea inomthelela omkhulu ezimpilweni zabesifazane abaningi, ithinta imisebenzi yabo yansuku zonke kanye nenhlalakahle jikelele. Ukuqonda izimbangela, izimpawu, kanye nokwelashwa okutholakalayo kubalulekile ukuze ulawule lesi simo ngempumelelo. Kusukela emithini ethengwayo kuya ekushintsheni kwendlela yokuphila kanye namakhambi asekhaya, kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokudambisa izinhlungu nokungaphatheki kahle okuhambisana namajaqamba okuya esikhathini. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela lapho kudingeka khona usizo lwezokwelapha futhi ungahlupheki uthule. 

FAQ sika 

1. Yiziphi izimbangela ezivamile ze-primary dysmenorrhea? 

I-dysmenorrhea eyinhloko ngokuvamile ibangelwa ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwe-prostaglandin esibelethweni. Lawa makhemikhali abangela ukufinyela kwesibeletho, okuholela ebuhlungu nokungakhululeki. Izinto eziyingozi ezivamile zihlanganisa ukuya esikhathini ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ukugeleza okukhulu kokuya esikhathini, nokubhema. Ukucindezeleka nokukhuluphala kungase kubangele ubuhlungu obukhulu bokuya esikhathini. 

2. I-dysmenorrhea ihluke kanjani kumajaqamba okuya esikhathini? 

I-Dysmenorrhea ivame ukushuba kakhulu futhi iphazamise kunezinhlungu ezivamile zokuya esikhathini. Ngokuvamile iqala ngaphambi noma ekuqaleni kokuya esikhathini futhi ingahlala amahora angu-72. Ubuhlungu bungase buhambisane nezinye izimpawu, njengokucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukuhlanza nokukhathala, okuba nomthelela omkhulu emisebenzini yansuku zonke. 

3. Itholakala kanjani i-dysmenorrhea yesibili? 

I-dysmenorrhea yesibili itholakala ngenhlanganisela yomlando wezokwelapha, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, nokuhlolwa kwezithombe. Odokotela bangase benze ama-ultrasounds, ama-CT scan, noma ama-MRIs ukuze bakhombe izimo ezingaphansi ezifana ne-endometriosis, fibroids, noma i-adenomyosis. Kwezinye izimo, i-laparoscopy ingadingeka ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okuqondile. 

4. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-dysmenorrhea ne-PMS? 

I-Dysmenorrhea ibhekisela ngokucacile ebuhlungu bokuya esikhathini, kuyilapho i-PMS ihlanganisa uhla olubanzi lwezimpawu ezingokomzimba nezingokomzwelo ezenzeka ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini. 

5. Ingabe i-PCOS ingabanga i-dysmenorrhea? 

I-Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) ingaba nomthelela ku-dysmenorrhea. Abesifazane abane-PCOS bangase babe nemijikelezo yokuya esikhathini engavamile kanye nokugeleza kokuya esikhathini okunzima, okuhlotshaniswa nobuhlungu obukhulu kakhulu bokuya esikhathini. Ukwengeza, ukungalingani kwama-hormone ku-PCOS kungathinta ukufinyela kwesibeletho, okungase kukhulise izimpawu ze-dysmenorrhea. 

UDkt. Neha V Bhargava

MS, DNB (obgyn), MNAMS, Fellow (Gynae Oncology)
I-Ganga CARE Hospital Limited, eNagpur

Ukuze Ubhukhe Isikhathi, shayela:

+ 91 40-68106529