I-cystitis ye-interstitial

Ubuhlungu besinye obungapheli buthinta izigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke, kunomthelela omkhulu ezimpilweni zabo zansuku zonke. Kwabaningi, lokhu kuphatheka kabi okuqhubekayo kuvela esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi i-interstitial cystitis, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-syndrome yobuhlungu besinye. Ukuphikelela ubuhlungu be-pelvic nokuchama okuvamile nokuphuthumayo kungathinta umsebenzi, ubudlelwano, kanye nemisebenzi yenhlalo ngenxa yokungakhululeki nokungalindeleki. Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uhlola izinhlobo ze-cystitis ye-interstitial, izimpawu, nezimbangela. 

Yini i-Interstitial Cystitis?

I-Interstitial cystitis yisimo esingapheli esithinta udonga lwesinye, okubangela ukuvuvukala nokucasuka. Igama elithi "interstitial" lisho izikhala phakathi kwezicubu noma izitho, kanti "cystitis" ikhombisa ukuvuvukala kwesinye. Lesi simo singaholela ekutheni kube nezibazi kanye nokuqina kwezindonga zesinye, kunciphise amandla aso okubamba umchamo.

Odokotela bavame ukubhekisela kulesi simo ngamagama amaningana:

• Isifo sobuhlungu besinye (BPS)
• I-Painful bladder syndrome
• I-Frequency-urgency-dysuria syndrome
• Ubuhlungu be-pelvic obungapheli

Lesi simo ngokuyinhloko sithinta ulwelwesi oluvikelayo (epithelium) lwesinye. Lapho lesi sivimbelo sokuzivikela siba sengozini, izinto ezinobuthi ezisemchameni zingacasula udonga lwesinye, okuholela ekungaphatheki kahle okungapheli nobuhlungu. Lo monakalo odongeni lwesinye ungakha umjikelezo wezimpawu ezithinta kakhulu impilo yansuku zonke.

Izinhlobo ze-Interstitial Cystitis

Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bahlonze izinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene ze-interstitial cystitis (IC), ngayinye enezici ezihlukile nezindlela zokwelashwa. 

• I-cystitis ye-Ulcerative Interstitial: I-ulcerative IC ithinta cishe u-5-10% weziguli. Leli fomu libonakala ngezilonda zikaHunner, okuyizilonda ezibuhlungu ezikhula odongeni lwesinye. Lezi zilonda zingabangela ukungakhululeki okukhulu futhi zingadinga ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe ukuze ulawule izimpawu ngempumelelo.
• I-Interstitial Cystitis engeyona izilonda: I-IC engeyona izilonda ithinta cishe u-90% wamacala. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kuveza ukopha okuncane okubizwa ngokuthi ama-glomerulation odongeni lwesinye. Nakuba la maphuzu okopha amancane angase angabonakali ngeso lenyama, odokotela bangakwazi ukuwakhomba ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha.

Izimpawu ze-Interstitial Cystitis

izimpawu ezivamile zibandakanya:

• Ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo noma ukucindezela endaweni ye-pelvic
• Ukuvuthwa njalo (kufika ezikhathini ezingama-60 ngosuku)
• Isidingo esiphuthumayo sokuchama, ngisho nangemva kokuphuma kwesinye isinye
• Ukungakhululeki okuba kubi kakhulu njengoba esinyeni sigcwala
• Ukunciphisa ubuhlungu ngemva kokuchama
• Ubuhlungu ngesikhathi socansi
• Inani elincane lomchamo naphezu kokuchama njalo

Lesi simo singathinta kakhulu impilo yansuku zonke, sithinte amaphethini okulala, ukukhiqiza komsebenzi, nobudlelwano bomphakathi. Abantu abaningi bazithola behlela imisebenzi emayelana nokufinyeleleka endlini yangasese, futhi abanye bangase babe nobunzima bokugcina ubudlelwano obuseduze ngenxa yobuhlungu ngesikhathi noma ngemva kokuya ocansini.

Izinkinga ze-Interstitial Cystitis

Ubufakazi bamanje besayensi bubonisa ukuthi izici eziningi zibangela ubuhlungu besinye isimo se-cystitis ye-interstitial.

Okutholakele okubalulekile kukhombisa ukukhubazeka okungenzeka olwelweni lwesinye oluvikelayo (epithelium). Lapho lesi sivimbelo sokuzivikela siba sengozini, singavumela izinto ezinobuthi ezisemchameni ukuba zingene futhi zicasule udonga lwesinye, okuholela ezimpawu zesici ze-syndrome yobuhlungu besinye.

Ososayensi bahlonze izinto ezimbalwa ezingaba nomthelela ezingase zibambe iqhaza ekuthuthukiseni i-interstitial cystitis:

• Impendulo esuka ku Autoimmune: Amasosha omzimba angase ahlasele ngephutha izicubu zesinye
• I-Genetic Predisposition: Umlando womndeni uphakamisa izici zofuzo
• Ukungasebenzi Kwezinzwa: Izinguquko emithanjeni ethwala imizwa yesinye
• Ukwenziwa kusebenze kwe-Mast Cell: Amaseli omzimba angajwayelekile abangela ukungezwani komzimba
• Izimbangela Zemvelo: Kubandakanya izifo noma ukulimala esinyeni
• Izifo ze-Vascular: Izinkinga ngemithambo yegazi esinyeni

Izingozi Zezingozi

Ucwaningo luhlonze amaqembu athile abhekene nengozi enkulu yokuthuthukisa ubuhlungu besinye phakathi kwe-interstitial:

• Ubulili: Abesifazane basengozini enkulu yokuthola ukuxilongwa kwe-interstitial cystitis uma kuqhathaniswa nabesilisa
• Ubudala: Ukuxilongwa okuningi kwenzeka kubantu abaneminyaka engu-30 noma ngaphezulu
• Izici Ezomzimba: Abantu abanesikhumba esimhlophe nezinwele ezibomvu babonisa ukuthambekela okuphezulu
• Izimo Zobuhlungu Ezingapheli: Abantu abanezimo ezikhona njenge-fibromyalgia noma i-bowel syndrome ecasulayo babhekana nengozi eyengeziwe
• Impilo Yengqondo: Labo abanakho ukucindezeleka noma ukuphazamiseka kokukhathazeka kubonisa ukuthambekela okuphezulu

Izinkinga ze-Interstitial Cystitis

Enye yezinkinga ezibaluleke kakhulu zomzimba ukuncipha komthamo wesinye. Ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo kungabangela udonga lwesinye ukuba luqine futhi luqine, lunciphise inani lomchamo olungabamba. Lolu shintsho lomzimba luphoqa abantu ukuthi bavakashele indlu yangasese kaningi, baphazamise imisebenzi yabo yansuku zonke.

Umthelela we-interstitial cystitis udlulela ngale kwezimpawu zomzimba, uthinta izici eziningi zokuphila:

• Ukuphazamiseka kokulala ngenxa yokuchama njalo
• Ubunzima bokugcina amashejuli okusebenza avamile
• Imisebenzi elinganiselwe yomphakathi kanye nokuvakasha
• Ingcindezi ebuhlotsheni bomuntu siqu
• Ingozi eyengeziwe yokukhathazeka nokudangala
• Ukuzethemba okwehlisiwe
• Amahloni emphakathini
• Izinselele zokusondelana ngokocansi

Sifo

Odokotela bavame ukucela iziguli ukuthi zigcine idayari yesinye, ziqophe uketshezi olumumathayo kanye namaphethini wokuchama. Lokhu kusiza ukusungula izimpawu eziyisisekelo futhi kuhlonzwe izinto ezingase zibe izingcupho.

Odokotela basebenzisa amathuluzi amaningi okuxilonga ukuze baqinisekise i-interstitial cystitis:

• Ukuhlaziywa Komchamo Namasiko: Ihlola amasampula omchamo ukuthola ukutheleleka noma okunye okungavamile
• Ukuhlolwa Kwepelvic: Ihlola ukuthamba noma okungavamile endaweni ye-pelvic
• I-cystoscopy: Lapha, udokotela usebenzisa ishubhu elincanyana elinekhamera ukuhlola ulwelwesi lwesinye
• I-Byopsy yesinye: Ikhipha amasampula ezicubu ezincane ukuze ikhiphe ezinye izimo
• Ukuhlola Ukuzwela Kwe-Potassium: Ikala ukuzwela kwesinye izixazululo

Ukwelashwa kwe-cystitis ye-interstitial 

Ukwelashwa kwe-cystitis yesinye ngokuvamile kuhilela inhlanganisela yezindlela:

• Ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila:
  • Izinguquko zokudla ukuze ugweme ukudla okuyizicucu, njengotshwala, i-caffeine, iziphuzo ezine-carbonated, amajusi ezithelo, ushokoledi, nezishukela zokwenziwa.
  • Izindlela zokunciphisa ingcindezi njenge-yoga noma i-psychotherapy
  • Ukuzivocavoca okumnene njalo
  • Ukuzivocavoca kwesinye
• Ukungenelela kwezokwelashwa:
  • Imithi yomlomo, kuhlanganise nezidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala
  • Ukwelapha ngokomzimba ukugxila emisipha ye-pelvic floor
  • Ukwelashwa kokuvuselela imizwa
  • Ukufakwa kwesinye ngemithi

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Odokotela batusa ukuhlela i-aphoyintimenti uma noma iyiphi yalezi zimpawu iqhubeka:

• Ubuhlungu besinye obuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto ayisithupha
• Ukuchama njalo okuphazamisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke
• Isidingo esiphuthumayo sokuchama naphezu kwesinye esingenalutho
• Ubuhlungu obungaphenduli emithini ethengwayo
• Ukungakhululeki ngesikhathi noma ngemva komsebenzi wocansi

Prevention

Abantu abaphila ne-syndrome yobuhlungu besinye bangasebenzisa izindlela ezimbalwa ezisebenzayo zokunciphisa amathuba okubuya kwezimpawu:

• Ukugcinwa Kwejenali Yokudla: Ukugcina amarekhodi anemininingwane yezinketho zokudla kanye nemiphumela yazo ezimpawu kusiza ukukhomba ukudla okuyizicupho
• Ukungaguquguquki Kokwelashwa: Ukulandela izinhlelo zokwelashwa ezinqunyiwe ngisho nangezikhathi ezingenazo izimpawu
• Ukulawula Ukucindezeleka: Ukusebenzisa amasu okuphumula kanye nokulungiswa kwendlela yokuphila ukuze kuncishiswe amazinga okucindezeleka
• Ukuzivocavoca Okuvamile: Ukwenza imisebenzi emnene engenzi izimpawu zibe zimbi
• Ukulawulwa Kwemvelo: Ukudala indawo enethezekile esekela impilo yesinye

Isiphetho

Ukuphila ne-interstitial cystitis kunezinselele eziyingqayizivele, kodwa ukuqonda nokuphatha okufanele kungathuthukisa kakhulu izinga lempilo. Isayensi yezokwelapha iyaqhubeka nokuqhubekisela phambili izinketho zokwelapha, inikeza izindlela eziningi, kusukela ekushintsheni kwendlela yokuphila kuya ekungeneleleni kwezokwelapha.

Abantu abathintwe yilesi simo bazuza kakhulu ekuxilongweni kusenesikhathi nezinhlelo zokwelashwa eziqondene nawe. Manje odokotela bayaqaphela ukuthi ukuphatha ngempumelelo ngokuvamile kudinga inhlanganisela yezindlela, okuhlanganisa ukuguqulwa kokudla, ukulawula ukucindezeleka, nokwelashwa okuklanyelwe izidingo zomuntu ngamunye.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe i-interstitial cystitis iyelapheka?

Nakuba i-cystitis ye-interstitial ingelapheki ngokuphelele, ukwelashwa okufanele kungayilawula ngokuphumelelayo. Iziguli eziningi zithola ukuthuthuka ezimpawu zazo ngemithi, ukushintsha indlela yokuphila, nezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Ukhiye usekuhlonzeni inhlanganisela yokwelashwa efanele esebenzela umuntu ngamunye.

2. Ingabe i-cystitis ingalimaza izinso zakho?

I-Interstitial cystitis ngokwayo ayibangeli ukulimala kwezinso. Nokho, okuphindaphindiwe ukutheleleka kwe-urinary tract, ngezinye izikhathi okungase kudidaniswe ne-IC, kungase kubangele izinkinga zezinso uma kungelashwa. 

3. I-interstitial cystitis ingahlala isikhathi esingakanani?

I-Interstitial cystitis yisimo esingelapheki ngokuvamile esidinga ukuphathwa okuqhubekayo kuyo yonke impilo yomuntu. Abantu abaningi baba nezikhathi zokuxolelwa lapho izimpawu ezihambisana ne-interstitial cystitis ziba ngcono noma zinyamalale, kulandele ukuvutha lapho izimpawu zibuya. Ubude nokuqina kwezimpawu kuyahluka kakhulu kubantu ngabanye.

4. Siyini isigaba sesine se-interstitial cystitis?

Isiteji sesi-4 se-interstitial cystitis simele isimo esithuthukile lapho izicubu zesinye ziba lukhuni futhi zingabamba umchamo omncane kuphela. Lesi sigaba sithinta cishe u-5% weziguli ze-IC futhi ngokuvamile zenzeka ngemva kweminyaka emibili noma ngaphezulu yezimpawu eziqhubekayo. Ukuncipha kwekhono lesinye kuvame ukuholela ekuchameni njalo kanye nokwanda kobuhlungu.

5. I-interstitial cystitis ithinta bani?

I-Interstitial cystitis ingathinta noma ubani, kodwa amaqembu athile abhekene nengozi enkulu:

• Abesifazane baxilongwa kaningi kunabesilisa
• Ukuxilongwa okuningi kwenzeka kubantu abaneminyaka engu-30 noma ngaphezulu
• Abantu abanezinye izimo zobuhlungu obungapheli babonisa ukuthambekela okukhulayo

UDkt. Vaibhav Vinekar

CARE Medical Team

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