Itching

Ukuluma, okwaziwa nangokuthi i-pruritus, umuzwa ongakhululekile, ocasulayo endaweni engaphezulu yesikhumba. Kuvame ukuholela ekufuneni ukunwaya indawo ethintekile. Lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho okuvamile kungasukela ekucasukeni kancane kuye ekuphathekeni kabi okukhulu, okuqhubekayo. Ukuluma kungenzeka kuwo wonke umzimba noma kukhawulelwe ezindaweni ezithile.

Ukuzwa kokulunywa ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukukhuthazwa okuncane kwama-receptors ezinhlungu esikhumbeni. Izinto ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukuphazamiseka kwesikhumba, ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile, noma izinto ezicasula imvelo, zingayibangela. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukulunywa kungase kube ngenxa yesimo sesikhumba esithathelwanayo esibizwa ngokuthi utwayi, esibangelwa izibungu ezincane ezimba esikhunjeni.

Nakuba ukunwaya kungase kudambise okwesikhashana, kuvame ukwenza kube kubi kakhulu ukulunywa futhi kungalimaza isikhumba. Ukuqonda izimbangela eziyisisekelo zokulunywa kubalulekile ukuze uthole ukukhululeka okuphumelelayo nokuvimbela ukucasuka okwengeziwe.

Ukuluma Izimpawu

Ukulunywa kungabonakala ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ekucasukeni okuncane kuya ekuphathekeni kabi okukhulu. Abantu bangase babe nokulunywa umzimba wonke noma ezindaweni ezithile. Lo muzwa uvame ukuholela esifisweni sokuklwebha, okungase kunikeze ukukhululeka kwesikhashana kodwa kungase kusenze isimo sibe sibi kakhulu. Kwezinye izimo, ukulunywa kwenzeka ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izinguquko ezibonakalayo esikhumbeni. Nokho, kungase futhi kufike nezimpawu eziphawulekayo ezifana nalezi:

• Isikhumba esivuvukele noma esibomvu
• Izimpawu zokuklwebheka
• Amaqhubu, amabala, noma amabhamuza
• Isikhumba esomile, esiqhekekile
• Amabala esikhumba noma ama-scaly

Amandla nobude besikhathi sokuluma kungahluka. Abanye abantu babhekana nokulunywa okuphikelelayo, okuhlala isikhathi eside okungaba kubi kakhulu. 

Kwezinye izimo, ukulunywa kusebenza njengenkomba yezinkinga zempilo eziyisisekelo. Isibonelo, isebenza njengomaka ozimele wokushona kweminyaka emithathu ezigulini ze-hemodialysis. Ukwengeza, ukulunywa okuphindaphindiwe ngemva kokwelashwa kungabonisa ukuphindelela komdlavuza. Izimo ezinzima zingase zibangele izifo zesikhumba, ukukhathala, i-thrush yomlomo, kanye nezinkinga zesisu. Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-candidiasis engavamile ingenzeka, ithinte izitho ezibalulekile njengenhliziyo, ubuchopho, namehlo.

Izimbangela Zokunwaya

Okulandelayo yizizathu ezivamile: 

• Izifo zesikhumba, njengesikhumba esomile, psoriasis, i-eczema, notwayi, ngokuvamile kuholela ekulunyweni. 
• Izifo zangaphakathi njengezinkinga zesibindi noma zezinso, isifo sikashukela, nomdlavuza othile nazo zingabangela ukulunywa umzimba wonke. 
• Ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa, okuhlanganisa i-multiple sclerosis, kungase kubangele ukuzwa okulumayo. 
• Ukungezwani nezinto ezifana ne-nickel (ekhona ezintweni zansuku zonke) kungaholela esikhumbeni esilumayo. 
• Izici zemvelo zidlala indima, futhi; izitshalo ezifana ne-parthenium poison ivy nama-parasites emanzini angabangela ukuqubuka okulumayo. 
• Ukushintsha kwesikhumba okuhlobene nobudala kanye nemithi ethile kungase kubangele ukulunywa. 
• Kwesinye isikhathi, abantu bangase babe nokuluma ngemva kokugeza ngenxa yezihlambi ezinde, ezishisayo noma ukuzwela insipho.

Ukuqonda lezi zimbangela ezihlukahlukene kusiza ukuthola impumuzo ephumelelayo kanye nokwelashwa kwalo muzwa ovamile kodwa ovame ukucindezeleka.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-Itching

Odokotela baxilonga ukulunywa ngokuhlola isikhumba nangokuqoqa ulwazi mayelana nezimpawu nomlando wezokwelapha. Babuza imibuzo mayelana nokuthi ukulunywa kuqale nini, izinguquko emikhiqizweni yokunakekelwa komuntu siqu, ukwanda kokoma, imithi emisha, noma ukuthintana nezinto ezithile. 

Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, odokotela bangase banikeze izivivinyo ezifana nokuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile, ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kutholakale inkinga yokuxilongwa, kanye ne-skin biopsies. Lokhu kuhlola kusiza ukunquma ukuthi ingabe ukulunywa kuyindaba eyinhloko noma uphawu lwesinye isimo esingaphansi. Ukuxilongwa ngendlela efanele kwenza ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo nokukhululeka kulesi sifiso esingabekezeleleki.

Ukwelapha Ukuluma

Ukwelapha ukulunywa kuhilela izindlela ezihlukahlukene kuye ngokuthi imbangela, kuhlanganise: 

• Amakhilimu atholakala ngaphandle kwekhawunta aqukethe i-hydrocortisone, ama-antihistamine, noma i-menthol anganikeza impumuzo. Odokotela bangase banikeze imithi yomlomo efana nama-antihistamine, ama-steroid, noma ama-immunosuppressants ezimweni ezinzima. 
• Odokotela besikhumba batusa ukusebenzisa ithawula elibandayo, elimanzi noma iphakethe leqhwa endaweni ethintekile okungenani imizuzu engu-5-10. 
• Ukugeza kwe-oatmeal kungathambisa isikhumba esiphumayo ezimweni ezifana nenkukhu noma isifuba. 
• Ukuswakama ngemikhiqizo engenawo amakha kubalulekile, njengokugwema ukunwaya ukuze uvimbele izifo zesikhumba. 
• Ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi ama-antidepressants angasiza ngokuphumuza i-itch receptors. 
• Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezifana ne-acupuncture noma ukwelashwa okulula nazo ziyizinketho zokulawula ukulunywa okuqhubekayo.

Izingozi Zokuluma

Ziningana izici ezandisa amathuba okuba ube nokulunywa. 

• Iminyaka yobudala idlala indima ebalulekile, njengoba isikhumba siba sincane futhi singabi nomswakama omncane kubantu abadala, okuholela esikhumbeni esomile, esilumayo. 
• Izimo ezithile zezokwelapha, njenge-dermatitis, isifo sezinso, i-anemia, nokuphazamiseka kwe-thyroid, nazo ziyandisa ingozi. 
• Imithi, okuhlanganisa i-aspirin, i-opioid, nemithi ethile yomfutho wegazi, ingabangela ukulunywa njengomphumela omubi. 
• Ukwelashwa komdlavuza kungase futhi kubangele lo muzwa. 
• Izinkinga ezihlobene nemizwa, njengama-shingles, unhlangothi, noma i-multiple sclerosis, zingabangela ukulunywa kwendawo ngaphandle kokuqubuka okubonakalayo. 
• Izici zemvelo ezifana namazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nomswakama ophansi zifaka isandla esikhumbeni esomile kanye nokulunywa okulandelayo. 
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni futhi kwandisa ingozi, njengoba kuholela ukulunywa okungachazwanga wonke umzimba.

Izinkinga Zokuluma

Ukulunywa okuqhubekayo kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinzima uma kungelashwa, njenge: 

• Ukunwaya isikhathi eside kuvame ukuqinisa ukulunywa, okungase kubangele ukulimala kwesikhumba, amagciwane kanye nezibazi. Idala umjikelezo oyinselele wokulunywa okungaba nzima ukuwunqamula.
• I-pruritus engapheli, ehlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto ayisithupha, ingaba nomthelela omkhulu kwikhwalithi yokuphila, ukuphazamisa ukulala futhi okungase kuholele ekukhathazekeni noma ekucindezelekeni. 
• Ukulunywa isikhathi eside kungase kuphazamise ukulala kwakho noma kubangele ukukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka.

Ngesikhathi sokubona udokotela

Nakuba ukulunywa okuncane kuvame ukuzixazulula ngokwakho, izimo ezithile zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Abantu kufanele bathinte udokotela: 

• Uma ukwelashwa ekhaya kungasizi noma ukulunywa kuqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili. 
• Yiba nomkhuhlane.
• Ukulunywa okuphazamisa ukulala noma imisebenzi yansuku zonke.
• Uma ukuqubuka kusakazeka ngokushesha, kukhombisa izimpawu zokutheleleka (njengokuphuma kwamanzi noma ukufudumala), noma kuvela esikhunjeni sesikhumba, sekuyisikhathi sokufuna usizo lwezokwelapha. 

Amakhambi Asekhaya Okuluma

Amakhambi amaningana asekhaya anganikeza impumuzo ekulunyweni, okuhlanganisa:

• Ukusebenzisa indwangu yekotini ebandayo, emanzi noma iphakethe leqhwa endaweni yesikhumba ethintekile imizuzu engu-5-10 kusiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala futhi kunciphise isikhumba. 
• Ukugcina okhilimu othambisayo esiqandisini kuqinisekisa umphumela wokupholisa uma ufaka isicelo. 
• Amabhati e-colloidal oatmeal akha umgoqo ovikelayo esikhumbeni, uvala umswakama futhi unciphise ukoma. 
• Amafutha abalulekile afana ne-menthol anikeza inzwa yokupholisa kanye nokukhulula ubuhlungu. 
• Ukwelashwa kokugoqa okumanzi kusetshenziswa i-gauze efakwe emanzini kuvuselela isikhumba futhi kuvimbele ukunwaya.

Prevention

• Ukuvimbela ukulunywa, abantu kufanele banakekele ukunakekelwa kwesikhumba ngendlela efanele. Kufanele bageze ngamanzi afudumele isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu eyi-10 futhi basebenzise izinsipho namashampoo angenawo amakha. 
• Ukusebenzisa i-hypoallergenic, i-moisturizer engenamakha ngemva kokugeza kusiza ukugcwalisa isikhumba. 
• Ukugqoka izingubo zikakotini ezixegayo kunciphisa ukucasuka kwesikhumba. 
• Ukugcina indawo epholile, enomswakama engathathi hlangothi kanye nokusebenzisa isishisi ebusika kungasiza ekuvimbeleni isikhumba esomile. 
• Ukunciphisa ingcindezi nakho kubalulekile, njengoba kungakhuphula ukulunywa. 
• Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi nokugwema ukubhema kwenza isikhumba sibe nempilo. 

Isiphetho

Ukulunywa, umuzwa ovamile kodwa ongajabulisi, kuthonya abantu babo bonke ubudala futhi kungabangelwa yizimbangela eziningi. Izizathu ezibangela ukulunywa zihlukene, kusukela ezimeni zesikhumba kanye nokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile ezithinta imvelo kanye nezinkinga zempilo eziwumsuka. Ukuqonda lezi zimbangela kubalulekile ukuze uthole ukukhululeka okusebenzayo nokuvimbela ukucasuka okwengeziwe. Ngokuhlola amakhambi asekhaya, amasu okuvimbela, nezinketho zokwelapha, abantu bangalawula kangcono lokhu kungezwani futhi bagcine isikhumba sinempilo.

FAQ sika

1. Siyini isizathu sokuluma komzimba?

Ukuluma komzimba kunezimbangela eziningi, okuhlanganisa isikhumba esomile, ukungezwani komzimba nezinto eziningi ezifana ne-eczema noma i-psoriasis. Izifo zesistimu, njengezinkinga zesibindi noma zezinso, nazo zingabangela ukulunywa. Izici zemvelo, ukulunywa yizimbungulu, kanye nemithi ethile kungase kubangele isikhumba esilumayo. Ukuguga kungaholela esikhumbeni esomile, okwandisa amathuba okuluma.

2. Kungani ngiluma ebusuku?

Ukuluma ebusuku, noma i-pruritus yasebusuku, ngokuvamile kubangelwa isigqi esingokwemvelo somzimba sokujikeleza. Ebusuku, umzimba ukhipha ama-cytokine avuvukalayo kanye nama-corticosteroid ambalwa alwa nokuvuvukala. Isikhumba silahlekelwa namanzi amaningi ebusuku, okuholela ekomeni. Iziphazamiso ezimbalwa ebusuku zingenza ukulunywa kubonakale kushubile.

3. Ingabe isikhumba esilumayo siwuphawu lwesifo sikashukela?

Isikhumba esilumayo singaba wuphawu lwesifo sikashukela. Izinga eliphakeme likashukela egazini lingalimaza imicu yezinzwa esikhumbeni, okuholela ekulumeni. Isifo sikashukela i-polyneuropathy ngokuvamile sibangela ukulunywa ezinyaweni nasezandleni. Ukungahambi kahle kwegazi kanye nezimo ezithile zesikhumba ezihlobene nesifo sikashukela nakho kungabangela ukulunywa.

4. Kufanele ngikhathazeke nini ngokuluma?

Thola usizo lwezempilo uma ukulunywa kuqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili, kuthinta ukulala kwakho noma imisebenzi yansuku zonke, noma kuhambisana nomkhuhlane noma izimpawu zokutheleleka. Ukuluma umzimba wonke noma ukulunywa kungazelelwe kungase kubonise isimo esikhona futhi kudinga ukuhlolwa kodokotela.

5. Yikuphi ukudla okubangela ukulunywa ebusuku?

Ukungezwani nokudla kungabangela ukulunywa, kuhlanganise nasebusuku. Izinkinga ezivamile zihlanganisa isoya, amakinati, i-shellfish, ukolweni, amaqanda, namantongomane esihlahla. Lokhu kudla kungabangela ukungezwani komzimba, okuholela ekuqubukeni kwesikhumba, ukuqubuka, nokuluma. Ukubona nokugwema izinto ezingezwani nokudla ekudleni kwakho kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukulunywa.

UDkt. SV Padmasri Deepthi

I-MBBS, DNB (DVL)
CARE Hospitals, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad

Ukuze Ubhukhe Isikhathi, shayela:

+ 91 40-68106529

117