Ama-Kidney Cysts

Amathumba ezinso amancane, asobala, njengamasaka amanzi akhula ezinso noma ezinso. Zivame ukutholakala ngengozi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezithombe kwezinye izimo. Nakuba amanye ama-cysts angenabungozi futhi angase angalokothi abangele izinkinga, amanye angaholela ezinkingeni uma engelashwa. Ukuqonda ukuthi yini ebangela ama-cysts ngaphakathi kwezinso, ukuthi ungawabona kanjani, nokuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo zokugcina izinso zakho ziphilile kubalulekile.

Ayini ama-Kidney Cysts?

Ama-Kidney cysts amaphakethe agcwele uketshezi atholakala ngaphakathi noma ezinso. Lokhu kukhula okungewona umdlavuza kusuka kokuncane nokungabonakali kuya kosayizi abakhulu, okungase kubangele izinkinga. Ama-cysts angaqhuma njengama-cysts angawodwa noma amaningi, athinte izinso eyodwa noma zombili. Amanye ama-cysts ane-benign futhi angeke abangele noma yiziphi izimpawu, kodwa amanye angaba yinkinga uma engatholakali. Odokotela bawahlukanisa njengama-cyst alula noma ayinkimbinkimbi ngokusekelwe ekubukekeni kwawo nokuthi yini engaphakathi kuwo:

• AmaCyst Alula: Ama-cyst alula ngokuvamile ayindilinga noma ayi-oval, enodonga oluncane, olubushelelezi kanye noketshezi olucacile. Ngokuvamile azibonakali futhi azibonakali kahle.
• Ama-Cyst Ayinkimbinkimbi: Lawa ma-cyst anesimo esingajwayelekile, izindonga eziwugqinsi noma ezibaliwe, kanye nezingxenye eziqinile noma izibalo ngaphakathi kwazo. Ama-cyst ayinkimbinkimbi angabangela izinkinga ezinjengobuhlungu, ukutheleleka, noma ukopha.

Izinhlobo zama-Kidney Cysts

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-cysts ezinso, okuhlanganisa:

• Ama-cyst Alula: Lawa ma-cysts awuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwama-cysts ezinso futhi ngokuvamile alunangozi.
• I-Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD): Lesi sifo sofuzo sibonakala njengama-cysts amaningi kuzo zombili izinso.
• I-Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease (ACKD): Lesi simo siqala ezigulini ezinokwehluleka kwezinso okungapheli. Ukwakheka kwama-cysts amaningi kubonisa i-ACKD.
• I-Medullary Sponge Kidney: Lesi simo esingavamile sibonisa ukwakheka kwama-cysts endaweni ye-medullary yezinso.
• I-Multilocular Cystic Nephroma: Lesi simila esingavamile, esinobungozi siqukethe ama-cysts amaningi ngaphakathi kwezinso.

Izimpawu ze-Kidney Cyst

Ama-cysts amaningi awabangeli izimpawu eziphawulekayo, ikakhulukazi ezincane nezilula. Kodwa-ke, ama-cysts amakhulu noma ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu angaholela kuzimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Ubuhlungu emhlane, isisu, noma uhlangothi
• Fever
• Igazi emchameni (hematuria)
• Ukuvuthwa njalo
• Kunzima ukuchama
• I-nausea nokuhlanza
• Umuzwa wokugcwala noma ubunzima esiswini

Izimbangela 

Izizathu eziqondile ze-cyst yezinso azihlali zicacile, kodwa izici eziningana zingase zibe nomthelela ekukhuleni kwazo:

• Izakhi Zofuzo: Izimo ezithile ezizuzwe njengefa, njenge-polycystic kidney disease (PKD), zingandisa ithuba lokuthuthukisa ama-cysts ezinso.
• Ukungasebenzi Kwezinso: Isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona noma ukuhluleka kwezinso kungaholela ekwakhekeni kwe-acquired cystic kidney disease (ACKD).
• Ukuguga: Ingozi yokuthola ama-cysts alula ikhula ngokuya ngeminyaka.
• Ukuhlukumezeka: Ukuhlukumezeka ngokomzimba noma ukulimala ezinso ngezinye izikhathi kungabangela ukwakheka kwama-cysts.
• I-Congenital Malformations: Abanye abantu bazalwa benokukhubazeka kwesakhiwo sezinso zabo, okungababeka phambili ekubunjweni kwama-cyst.

Izinto Eziyingozi Ezibangelwa Ama-Kidney Cyst

Kunezici eziningana ezingandisa amathuba okuthuthukisa ama-cysts ezinso, okuhlanganisa:

• Ubudala: Ingozi yokuthola ama-cysts alula ikhula ngokuya ngeminyaka
• Ubulili: Amathumba ezinso akhombisa ukuqagela kwabesilisa.
• Ukubhema: Ukubhema kwandisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa ama-cysts.
• Ukukhuluphala: Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kungase kwenyuse amathuba okuthi umuntu abe sengozini yokuba nama-cysts.
• umfutho ophakeme wegazi: Umfutho wegazi ophakeme uhlotshaniswa nengozi ephakeme yama-cysts ezinso.
• Izimo Zezokwelapha: Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, njenge-polycystic kidney disease (PKD), isifo se-von Hippel-Lindau (VHL), noma i-Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), ingabangela ama-cysts ezinso.

Sifo

Ama-cysts ezinso ngokuvamile atholakala ngengozi phakathi nokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okujwayelekile noma ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging ngezinye izizathu. Odokotela basebenzisa lezi zivivinyo zokuxilonga ezilandelayo ukuze bathole futhi bahlole ama-cysts ezinso:

• I-Ultrasound: Kuyindlela yokuthwebula engabonakali. Odokotela bayisebenzisa ukuze benze izithombe zezinso, banqume ukwakheka kwamathumba kanye nomthelela ongaba khona ekusebenzeni kwezinso.
• I-Computed Tomography (CT) Scan: I-CT scan inikeza izithombe ezinemininingwane yezingxenye ezihlukene zezinso. futhi ingasiza ukukhomba usayizi wama-cyst, indawo, nezici.
• I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Iskena se-MRI sidala isithombe esinemininingwane eminingi yezinso nezakhiwo ezizungezile ukuze kutholwe ama-cysts.
• Ukuhlolwa Komchamo: Ukuhlaziywa komchamo kusiza ukuhlola umchamo ngegazi noma izimpawu zokutheleleka, okungabonisa izinkinga ezivela kuma-cysts.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Lokhu kuhlola kungasiza ukuhlola ukusebenza kwezinso futhi kuhlonze ukungahambi kahle okuhlobene nama-cysts ezinso.

I-Kidney Cyst Treatment

Udokotela wakho angelapha ama-cysts ezinso ngokusekelwe ezicini ezimbalwa- uhlobo, ubukhulu, nendawo ye-cyst nokuthi ingabe idala izimpawu noma cha. Izindlela zokwelapha ezingenzeka ze-cyst yezinso zihlanganisa okulandelayo:

• Ukuqapha Okuvamile: Ama-cysts amancane, alula awadingi ukwelashwa; badinga ukubukwa kuphela. Odokotela bangasebenzisa izivivinyo zezithombe ukuze baqaphe ukukhula noma okunye okungavamile.
• I-Sclerotherapy: Le nqubo engavamile isebenzisa inaliti ukufaka uketshezi ku-cyst ukuze i-cyst ingabi namanzi (igoqe). Ngokuvamile igcinelwe ama-cyst anezimpawu noma ezinkulu.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu (lapho i-cyst inkulu ngokwanele ukuthi ibangele izimpawu zesimila sezinso noma iveze ingozi yezinkinga), odokotela bangase bacebise ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa.
• Imithi: Imithi kadokotela ingasiza kwamanye ama-cysts ezinso ahlobene nesifo sezinso se-polycystic (PKD). Le mithi ye-cyst cyst ingabambezela ukukhula kwama-cyst futhi igcine ukusebenza kwezinso.
• Ukushintsha kwendlela yokuphila: Ukudla a Ukudla okunazo zonke, ukuvivinya umzimba njalo, nokuphuza amanzi anele kungasiza ukugcina izinso zakho ziphilile futhi kungase kubambezele ukukhula kwezinhlobo ezithile zamathumba ezinso.

Izinkinga ze-Kidney Cysts

Ngezinye izikhathi, ama-cysts angaholela ezinkingeni uma engelashwa noma uma ekhula kakhulu. Izinkinga ezingenzeka ze-kidney cysts zihlanganisa:

• Isifo sezinso (i-Pyelonephritis): Ama-cysts amakhulu noma atheleleke angandisa amathuba okutheleleka kwezinso, okungaholela kumkhuhlane, ubuhlungu, nezinye izimpawu.
• Izinso Stones: Cysts ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nomthelela ekwakhekeni ezinso, okungase kubangele ubuhlungu obukhulu nezinye izinkinga.
• Ukopha: Ama-cyst amakhulu noma aphukile angabangela ukuphuma kwangaphakathi ezimweni ezingavamile.  
• Ukwehluleka Kwezinso: Ku-polycystic kidney disease (PKD) noma i-cystic kidney disease (ACKD), ukukhula okuqhubekayo kwama-cysts amaningi kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwezinso ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Ukucindezelwa Kwezakhiwo Ezizungezile: Ama-cysts amakhulu angacindezela noma avimbe izakhiwo eziseduze, njengama-ureters noma imithambo yegazi, okuholela ezinkingeni eziningi.

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Ama-cysts amaningi alula awadingi ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Nokho, kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela uma uhlangabezana nanoma yikuphi kokulandelayo:

• Ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo noma obunzima emhlane, esiswini, noma ohlangothini
• Igazi emchameni (hematuria)
• Umkhuhlane noma ukubanda
• Ukuzizwa ugula noma ulahla
• Ubunzima bokuchama noma isidingo esivamile sokuchama
• Ukuzwa kwesigaxa noma isisindo esiswini 

Amakhambi Asekhaya Ama-Kidney Cyst

Amakhambi asekhaya ewodwa angase angasebenzi ekwelapheni amathumba ezinso. Kodwa bangadambisa ezinye izimpawu ezihlobene nama-cysts. Nawa amakhambi asekhaya angaba yinzuzo:

• Zigcine uhlanzekile ngamanzi okuphuza, ujusi we-cranberry kanye netiye le-herbal. Lezi ziphuzo zingakhipha amagciwane futhi zinciphise ingozi yokuthola ukutheleleka kwe-urinary tract
• Buka Amazinga akho eSodium; Ukunciphisa ukudla kwakho usawoti kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuvuvukala 
• Ukudla Okunomsoco okuhlanganisa izithelo, imifino, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, namaprotheni kugcina izinso zakho ziphilile futhi kunganciphisa ukukhula kwezinye izinhlobo zama-cysts.
• Ukucindezeleka isikhathi eside kungathinta izinso. Zama imisebenzi yokwehlisa ingcindezi, njengokuzindla, i-yoga, nokuzivocavoca kokuphefumula okujulile, ohlelweni lwakho.
• Gwema ukuphuza nokubhema, njengoba utshwala nogwayi kungabangela ukuvuvukala, okuholela ekwehleni kwempilo yezinso.

Prevention

Nakuba kungenakwenzeka ukuvimbela zonke izinhlobo zama-cysts ezinso, kunezinyathelo ezithile eziphumelelayo ekunciphiseni ingozi yakho:

• Phila Impilo Enempilo: Yidla ukudla okunomsoco, uvivinye umzimba njalo, yeka ukubhema futhi ugweme ukuphuza utshwala ukuze usekele impilo yakho yezinso.
• I-Stay Hydrated: Phuza inani elifanele lamanzi noketshezi ukuze ukhiphe ubuthi futhi ugcine izinso zakho ziphilile.
• Lawula Ezinye Izinkinga Zezempilo: Uma une-BP ephezulu, isifo sikashukela, noma isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona, kubalulekile ukusiphatha ngendlela efanele ukuze unciphise amathuba okuba namathumba ezinso noma ezinye izinkinga.
• Ukuhlola Okuvamile: Ukuya ekuhlolweni njalo kwezokwelapha nokulandela iseluleko sikadokotela wakho kungasiza ukubamba nokuqapha noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona zezinso kusenesikhathi.

Isiphetho

Izinso zezinso zivame kakhulu. Esikhathini esiningi, azinangozi ngaphandle uma zikhula zibe zinkulu. Ukuqonda izizathu, izimpawu, kanye nokwelashwa kwama-cysts ezinso kubalulekile ukugcina izinso ziphilile. Uma unanoma yiziphi izimpawu noma umlando wamathumba ezinso emndenini wakho, khuluma nodokotela ukuze uthole indlela engcono kakhulu eya phambili.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe ama-cysts ayingozi?

Ama-cyst amaningi alula awanangozi futhi awadingi ukwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, ama-cysts amakhulu noma ayinkimbinkimbi angabangela izinkinga ezifana nezifo, ukuphuma, noma ukuvinjelwa.

2. Yimuphi usayizi wesimila sezinso esidinga ukuhlinzwa?

Awukho usayizi obekiwe wokuhlinzwa kwesimila sezinso. Isinqumo sincike kusayizi, indawo, izimpawu, kanye nezinkinga ezingaba khona. Ngokuvamile, ama-cysts amakhulu kuno-4-5 cm noma lawo abangela izimpawu ezibalulekile angase adinge ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa.

3. Yini okufanele ngiphuze uma ngine-cyst yezinso?

Yize singekho isiphuzo esiwumlingo sama-cysts ezinso, ukuhlala unamanzi amaningi ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi nolunye uketshezi. Kungasiza ukugcina izinso zakho ziphilile futhi kunganciphisa ingozi yezinkinga ezihlobene ne-cyst. Ijusi ye-cranberry kanye nama-herbal teas njengetiye eliluhlaza noma itiye lezimpande ze-dandelion nakho kuyasiza ngoba angenza njengama-diuretics emvelo futhi anciphise ukuvuvukala.

4. Ngingakwazi yini ukuvimbela ama-cysts alula?

Nakuba ungeke ukwazi ukuvimbela zonke izinhlobo zama-cysts ezinso, ukwamukela indlela yokuphila enempilo kungasiza ukunciphisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa izinhlobo ezithile. Lokhu kubandakanya: 

• Yidla ukudla okulinganiselayo
• Ukuzivocavoca njalo
• Hlala u-hydrated
• Lawula izimo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma isifo sikashukela
• Gwema ukubhema notshwala ngokweqile

5. Yikuphi ukudla okufanele ukugweme ngama-cysts?

Nakuba kungekho ukudla okuqondile kwama-cysts ezinso, ngokuvamile kuwumqondo omuhle:

• Nciphisa ukudla okune-sodium ephezulu, amaprotheni, Futhi i-potassium
• Gwema inyama egayiwe, ukudla okusemathinini, ukudla okulula okunosawoti, ubhanana, amawolintshi, utamatisi, i-caffeine, utshwala neziphuzo ezinoshukela

CARE Medical Team

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