I-Knee Ligament Injury

Abantu, ikakhulukazi abasubathi abenza ukunyakaza okuzumayo, bavame ukuzwa ukulimala kwamadolo. I i-anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ithola ukulimala kaningi. Abantu abaningi bezwa i-pop ehlukile lapho kwenzeka ukulimala, kulandelwa ukuvuvukala kwamadolo nokungazinzi.

Ingozi yokulimala kwe-ligament edolweni iyanda, ikakhulukazi uma unemisebenzi enomthelela omkhulu njengebhola lezinyawo, i-basketball, nokushushuluza. Izingozi zezimoto nezinye izehlakalo ezibuhlungu nazo zingalimaza le migqa.

Lesi sihloko sihlanganisa konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nokulimala kwe-knee ligament. Abafundi bazophinde bathole indlela yokuhlola ukulimala kwemisipha yamadolo, ukuhlola izinketho zokwelapha, ukuqonda izici eziyingozi, ukufunda amasu okuvimbela, futhi babone lapho usizo lwezokwelapha ludingeka khona kulokhu kulimala okungase kube nzima.

Kuyini Ukulimala Kwe-Knee Ligament?

Idolo linemigqa emine eyinhloko - amabhande aqinile ezicubu ezixhuma amathambo futhi agcine ilunga lizinzile. Ukulimala kwe-knee ligament kwenzeka lapho lezi zicubu zinwetshwa ngokweqile noma zidabuka. Imigqa emine ebalulekile i-anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), i-posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), i-medial collateral ligament (MCL), kanye ne-lateral collateral ligament (LCL). Lezi zisebenza ndawonye ukuze ugcine idolo lakho liqinile futhi uvimbele ukunyakaza okungenzeka limaza ilunga.

Izinhlobo Zokulimala Kwe-Knee Ligament

Ukulimala kwemisipha yedolo kusuka ekunwebeni okuncane kuya kwezinyembezi eziphelele. Odokotela bahlukanisa lokhu kulimala ngezigaba ezintathu:

• IBanga loku-1 (elimnene): I-ligament iyanwebeka kodwa ihlala iqinile
• Ibanga lesi-2 (Okulingene): Umsipha udabuka kancane futhi uyaxega
• IBanga lesi-3 (Linzima): Umsipha ukhala ngokuphelele, okwenza idolo lingazinzi

Ukulimala kwe-ACL kwenzeka kaningi. Ukulimala kwe-MCL kuza okwesibili, kuyilapho ukulimala kwe-PCL ne-LCL kungavamile.

I-Knee Ligament Izimpawu Zokulimala 

Iziguli zingase ziqaphele:

• Ngokushesha, ubuhlungu obukhulu
• Ukuvuvukala okubonakala phakathi namahora angu-24
• Umsindo othi "pop" lapho ulimala
• Idolo lizizwa lingazinzile
• Iziguli azikwazi ukubeka isisindo kulowo mlenze
• Idolo ngeke linyakaze njengoba kufanele

Izimbangela Zokulimala Kwe-Knee Ligament

Imisipha yedolo ivamise ukulimala ngenxa yokulimala okungazelelwe. Lokhu kungenzeka uma umuntu:

• Gweba idolo lakho ngenkathi unyawo lwakho luhlala lutshalwe
• Misa noma shintsha isiqondiso ngokushesha ngenkathi usebenza
• Izwe lingalungile ngemva kokugxuma
• Thatha ukushaya okuqondile edolweni lakho
• Ngena engozini yemoto noma ukuwa

Izingozi Zokulimala Kwe-Knee Ligament

Abanye abantu babhekana nezingozi eziphakeme zokulimaza imigqa yamadolo. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• Abesifazane baklebhula ama-ACL abo izikhathi ezintathu ngaphezu kwabesilisa. 
• Umlando we Ukuhlinzwa kwe-ACL
• Ukudlala i-basketball, ibhola lezinyawo, noma ukushushuluza kwandisa ubungozi
• Indlela yokufika ephansi kanye nokudlala endaweni etshaliwe nakho kungaholela ekulimaleni.

Izinkinga Zokulimala Kwe-Knee Ligament

Ukushiya ukulimala kwemisipha yamadolo kungelashwa kungadala izinkinga ezinkulu emgwaqeni. Cishe isigamu sabantu abanezinyembezi ezibuhlungu ze-ACL bagcina benezinyembezi ze-meniscal, futhi. Okubi nakakhulu, i-95% yokulimala kwe-ACL engalashwa iholela ekulimaleni kwe-meniscus kanye ne-cartilage phakathi neminyaka engu-20. Lokhu kusho ukuthi maningi amathuba okuthi uthuthuke osteoarthritis futhi ingase idinge ukushintshwa kwedolo okuphelele kamuva.

Sifo

Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba: Udokotela uzohlola ukuvuvukala nokuzwela ngenkathi eqhathanisa idolo lakho elimele nelinempilo. Ububanzi bedolo lakho lokunyakaza nokusebenza okuhlangene kuhlolwa ngezikhundla ezihlukahlukene. Odokotela bavame ukuxilonga udaba ngokusekelwe ekuhlolweni komzimba kuphela.

Ukuhlola okuningana kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa futhi kubonise ukuthi ukulimala kubi kangakanani:

• I-X-rays: Isiza ukukhipha ukuphuka kwamathambo kodwa ayikwazi ukukhombisa izicubu ezithambile njengemigqa nama-tendon
• I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Idala izithombe ezinemininingwane yazo zombili izicubu eziqinile nezithambile ezibonisa izinga lokulimala kwemisipha kanye nezimpawu zezinkinga ze-cartilage
• I-Ultrasound: Yakha izithombe isebenzisa amaza omsindo ukuhlola imisipha, imisipha, imisipha
• Izivivinyo Zokucindezeleka: Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kwe-Lachman kwe-ACL, ukuhlolwa kwedrowa le-PCL, nokuhlolwa kwe-valgus/varus stress kwe-MCL ne-LCL.

I-Knee Ligament Injury Treatments 

Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kulandela iphrothokholi ye-RICE yokuphatha ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala:

• Ukuphumula: Gcina isisindo edolweni lakho
• Iqhwa: Sebenzisa amaphakethe eqhwa imizuzu engama-20 njalo emahoreni amabili ngesikhathi uphapheme
• Ukucindezela: Gqoka ibhandishi elinwebekayo emadolweni akho
• Ukuphakama: Idolo lakho kufanele lihlale libambelele emicamelo

Izinketho zokwelashwa zincike ekutheni kubi kangakanani ukulimala:

• Ukwelashwa okungahlinzeki: Ukwelapha ngokomzimba, ukuqiniswa, nokuzivocavoca okuqinisa imisipha
• Ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa: Ukulimala kwemigqa eminingi noma amadolo aguqa phakathi nemisebenzi yansuku zonke adinga le nketho

Ukuhlinzwa kabusha kwe-ACL kusebenzisa i-tendon graft ukuze ithathe indawo ye-ligament eyonakele. Inqubo yokutakula ithatha okungenani unyaka ngaphambi kokuthi ubuyele ezemidlalo ngokuphephile.

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kuyaphuthuma uma:

• Idolo lakho libukeka ligobile noma likhubazekile
• Uzwa umsindo ophumayo ngesikhathi sokulimala
• Ukuthwala isisindo kuba yinto engenakwenzeka
• Ubona ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ukuvuvukala okungazelelwe

Hlela i-aphoyintimenti uma idolo lakho livuvuka kabi, libomvu, lifudumele, lithambile, noma libuhlungu. Ukuvakasha kukadokotela kudingekile uma ubuhlungu bedolo buthinta ukulala kwakho noma imisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Prevention

Ungakwazi ukuvimbela ukulimala kwe-knee ligament ngokuqeqeshwa okufanele kanye nesimo.

• Ukufunda amasu okufika afanele ngemva kokugxuma
• Ukwakha imisipha eqinile ye-hamstring kanye ne-quadriceps
• Amandla angcono ayisisekelo nokuzinza
• Ibhalansi kanye nezinqubo zokuzivocavoca ezifanele

Izinhlelo zokuvimbela kufanele zixube izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuqeqesha. Lokhu kuhlanganisa umsebenzi wamandla, izivivinyo ze-plyometric, kanye nesimo esiyisisekelo. Lezi zivivinyo kufanele zenziwe okungenani imizuzu engu-20 izikhathi eziningana ngesonto.

Isiphetho

Ukulimala kwe-Knee ligament kubangela izinselele ezinkulu kuwo wonke umuntu, hhayi nje abasubathi. Lokhu kulimala kuvame ukwenzeka phakathi nemidlalo, kodwa noma ubani angahlupheka ngenxa yokuwa, ukusonteka, noma ukushaya okuqondile. Ukwazi ngemigqa emine eyinhloko—i-ACL, i-PCL, i-MCL, ne-LCL—kusiza abantu babone ukulimala okungenzeka ngokushesha.

Ukuthola ukuxilongwa okufanele kuyisisekelo sokwelashwa okuphumelelayo. Odokotela basebenzisa ukuhlola ngokomzimba nokuhlolwa kwezithombe ukuze bahlole amazinga omonakalo. Ngokuya ngobunzima bokulimala kwedolo, ukukhetha kokwelashwa kusuka ezindleleni eziyisisekelo ezifana ne-RICE protocol kuya ekuhlinzweni. Ukululama kuthatha isikhathi, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha lubalulekile ukugwema izinkinga ezihlala njalo. 

Ukubhekana nokulimala kwe-knee ligament kuletha izinselele zakho. Iziguli eziningi zibuyela emisebenzini yazo eyintandokazi ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha, ukulungiswa kabusha, nokubekezela. Ukuqonda lokhu kulimala kusiza abantu ukuba benze izinqumo ezihlakaniphile mayelana nempilo yabo yamadolo, okuholela emiphumeleni engcono kanye namathuba ambalwa okuphinda balimale.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Yikuphi ukudla okulungele ukulimala kwamadolo?

Good umsoco isiza imigqa ukuphulukisa ngemva kokulimala. Umzimba wakho udinga ukudla okunamaprotheni amaningi ukuze wakhe kabusha imigqa edabukile futhi usekele ukulungiswa kwezicubu. Inyama engenawo amandla, amaqanda, namaprotheni ezitshalo afana nodali kukunikeza lezi zakhi zokwakha.

• Ukudla okucebile nge-Vitamin C (amawolintshi, ama-strawberries, i-bell pepper) kuthuthukisa ukwakheka kwe-collagen ukuze kube namandla emisipha.
• Izinhlanzi ezinamafutha ezinama-Omega-3 fatty acids zinciphisa ukuvuvukala edolweni elimele.
• Amajikijolo anothe nge-Antioxidant asiza ukunqanda ingcindezi ye-oxidative engabambezela ukuphola
• I-calcium ne-vitamin D kusuka obisini noma imifino enamaqabunga isekela ukusebenza kwamathambo nemisipha
• I-Zinc evela kumbewu yethanga, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, nobhontshisi isheshisa ukulungiswa kwamaselula
• Amalunga akho adinga ukufakwa kwe-hydration efanele ukuze agcobe futhi athuthe imisoco endaweni yokulimala.

2. Ingabe ukuhamba kuhle ngenxa yemigqa edabukile?

Odokotela bafuna ukuthi usebenzise idolo lakho ngokujwayelekile nge-ligament sprains noma ukuphuka. Ukuhamba ngeke kudale umonakalo owengeziwe kumsipha olimele. Inqubo efanele yokuhamba ibalulekile, nakuba-isithende sakho kufanele sithinte phansi kuqala ngesinyathelo ngasinye.

Qala ngokuhamba okufushane futhi kancane wandise isikhathi sakho somsebenzi esikhundleni sokuhlala ungasebenzi. Ungajahi ukubuyela kwezemidlalo noma emisebenzini enzima kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ekunikeza konke okucacile.

3. Ungakwazi yini ukuhamba ngokulimala kwemisipha yamadolo?

Ungakwazi ukuhamba ne-ACL edabukile lapho ubuhlungu bokuqala nokuvuvukala kwehla. Izinyembezi ze-ACL zikuvumela ukuthi uhambe uqonde phambili kodwa zenza kube nzima ukujika noma ukuzulazula. Ukulimala kwe-MCL kuyafana-izinyembezi eziyingxenye zivumela ukuhamba okubuhlungu, kuyilapho izinyembezi eziphelele zingadinga ukuhlinzwa kuqala.

Kokubili ukulimala kwe-ACL ne-MCL kukhawulela ukuthi ungahamba ibanga elingakanani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa noma ukwelashwa ngokomzimba. Insimbi yokusekela idolo igcina idolo lakho linganyakazi liye ngaphakathi ngenkathi likunikeza umnyakazo.

4. Uphulukisa kanjani ukulimala kwedolo ngokushesha?

Lezi zinyathelo zingasheshisa ukuphulukiswa kwe-ligament:

• Qala usizo lokuqala ngokushesha ukuze unciphise ukuvuvukala
• Yenza izivivinyo zakho zokwelapha ngokomzimba nsuku zonke ukuze wakhe amandla
• Yidla ukudla okuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-collagen
• Phuza amanzi amaningi kulo lonke ukutakula
• Nciphisa imishanguzo eqeda ukuvuvukala njengoba ingase ibambezele ukuphola kwemisipha
• Hambisa ngobumnene esikhundleni sokuphumula isikhathi eside ngoba ukunyakaza kusiza ukulungisa
• Ama-sprains amancane aphulukisa emasontweni angu-4-6, kuyilapho izinyembezi ezilinganiselayo zidinga amasonto angu-6-10 ngokunakekelwa okufanele.

5. Uhlola kanjani ukulimala kwe-knee ligament ekhaya?

Ukuxilongwa kochwepheshe kubalulekile, kodwa ungabheka izimpawu ezivamile njengobuhlungu obuzumayo, ukuvuvukala okubi, ukuxega kwamalunga, nenkinga yokubeka isisindo emlenzeni wakho. Umsindo ophumayo phakathi nokulimala ngokuvamile ukhomba ekulimaleni kwemisipha.

6. Kufanele ngilale kanjani ngidabukile umsipha wamadolo?

Ukulala ngomhlane kusebenza kangcono ngoba ungakwazi ukuphakamisa umlenze wakho olimele ngendlela efanele. Ukuze uhlele yonke into ngendlela efanele, faka umcamelo ngaphansi kwethole lakho, hhayi ngokuqondile ngaphansi kwedolo. Abalele emaceleni kufanele babeke umcamelo phakathi kwamadolo ukuze bagcine izinqulu zabo ziqondile futhi banciphise ingcindezi edolweni elimele. Insimbi yokusekela idolo ngesikhathi sokulala igcina ilunga lakho lizinzile futhi imise ukunyakaza okungafuneki okungadala ubuhlungu noma ukulimala okwengeziwe. Misa umlenze wakho ngokunethezeka ngaphandle kokwelula indawo elimele kakhulu.

7. Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukulimala komthambo wedolo ukuze kuphole?

Isikhathi sokubuyisela ukulimala kwe-knee ligament sincike ebukhulu bokulimala. Ama-sprains eBanga loku-1 (athambile) adinga amasonto ama-4-6 ngokwelashwa okuyisisekelo. Izinyembezi zeBanga lesi-2 (ezilingene) zithatha amasonto angu-6-10 ukuze ziphole kahle. IBanga lesi-3 (ukuqhuma okuphelele) ngokuvamile lidinga ukuhlinzwa kanye nezinyanga ezingu-9 zokululama ngaphambi kokuthi udlale ngokuphephile ezemidlalo futhi. Ukuphulukiswa okuphelele nokubuyela ezingeni lakho lomsebenzi wangempela kungathatha unyaka, ikakhulukazi kubasubathi abadinga ukuzinza okuphelele kwamadolo.

UDkt. Sohael Mohammed Khan

I-MBBS, i-MS (i-Orthopaedics), iDiploma (Ukuvuselelwa komgogodla)
I-Ganga CARE Hospital Limited, eNagpur

Ukuze Ubhukhe Isikhathi, shayela:

+ 91 40-68106529