Aguqe Amadolo 

Amadolo aguqa yisimo lapho amadolo ethintana kuyilapho amaqakala ehlala ehlukene. Le nkinga ingathinta abantu babo bonke ubudala. Le nkinga yokuqondanisa evamile ivame ukuphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngomthelela wayo ekuhambeni kanye nempilo yonke. Ukuqonda amadolo angqongqozayo kubalulekile kulabo abafuna izinketho zokwelashwa noma ukulawula izimpawu ezihambisanayo ngempumelelo. Ake sihlole izimbangela, izimpawu, kanye nezinkinga ezingaba khona zokuguqa ngamadolo. Ihlola izindlela zokuxilonga ezihlukahlukene futhi iveze izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo zokuguqa ngamadolo, kusukela ezindleleni ezilondolozayo kuye kokungenelela kokuhlinzwa. 

Kuyini i-Knock Knees? 

I-Knock knees, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-genu valgum, yisimo lapho amadolo egobela ngaphakathi futhi athinte noma "engqongqoza" ephikisana. Kwenzeka noma umuntu emi ehlukanise amaqakala. Lolu daba lokuqondanisa luyingxenye yokukhubazeka kwendiza ye-coronal emkhawulweni ophansi. Lesi simo sivame ukuba sezinhlangothi zombili, sithinta imilenze yomibili, kodwa singase sithinte idolo elilodwa kuphela kwezinye izimo. 

Amadolo angqongqozayo abonakala nge-valgus angle (Q Angle) engu-10° noma ngaphezulu. Lokhu kukhubazeka kubangelwa ukuhlukahluka kwe-anatomical, okuhlanganisa ukuguqulwa kwezicubu zethambo kanye nokufinyela noma ukunwetshwa kwezicubu ezithambile. Uhlangothi lwangasemuva lwamadolo lungase luhlangabezane nokufinyezwa kwezakhiwo ezifana ne-lateral collateral ligament, i-popliteus tendon, ne-aliotibial band, kuyilapho uhlangothi oluphakathi lungase lunciphise izicubu ezithambile. 

Ibanga le-intermalleolar livame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlola izinga lokuguqa kwamadolo. Leli yibanga eliphakathi kwe-malleoli ephakathi lapho isiguli simile sithinta ama-condyle e-femoral aphakathi. Ibanga eliphakathi kwe-intermalleolar elingaphezu kuka-8 cm libhekwa njenge-pathologic.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi amadolo ashayeke isikhashana ayingxenye yezinga lokukhula elijwayelekile lezingane. Izingane ngokuvamile ziba ne-physiologic genu valgum lapho zineminyaka engu-2 ubudala, zigqama kakhulu phakathi kweminyaka engu-3 no-4. Ngemva kwalokho, ngokuvamile yehla iye endaweni ezinzile, kancane ye-valgus ngeminyaka engu-7. Eqenjini leminyaka yobusha, ushintsho oluncane, uma lukhona, kulokhu kuqondanisa kulindeleke. 

Kodwa-ke, amadolo aguqayo aphikelela ngaphezu kweminyaka eyisithupha ubudala, anzima, noma athinta umlenze owodwa ngokuphawulekayo kunomunye angase abonise isimo esibi kakhulu esidinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe nguchwepheshe wamathambo. 

Izinto Eziyingozi kanye Nezimbangela Zokungqongqoza Kwamadolo 

Ezinganeni, amadolo aguqayo avame ukukhula lapho ziqala ukuhamba. Lokhu kutsheka kwamadolo kwangaphakathi kuzisiza ukuthi zigcine ibhalansi futhi kunxephezele izinyawo ezingase zigingqike ziye ngaphakathi noma zijikele ngaphandle. Nokho, ukuguqa ngamadolo aphikelelayo ngemva kweminyaka eyisithupha noma eyisikhombisa kungase kubonise inkinga ewumsuka. 

Izimo eziningana zezokwelapha zingaba isizathu sokuguqa ngamadolo, kuhlanganise: 

• Ukuphazamiseka kwamathambo e-Metabolic, njengama-rickets, okubangelwa a ukushoda kukavithamini D 
• Ukuphazamiseka kwezakhi zofuzo, okuhlanganisa i-skeletal dysplasias kanye nezifo zokugcina i-lysosomal njenge-Morquio syndrome, nazo zingase zibe nesibopho. 
• Ukuhlukumezeka ngokomzimba noma ukulimala endaweni yokukhula ye-shinbone (tibia) noma ithambo lethanga (i-femur) 
• Ukutheleleka kwethambo (i-osteomyelitis) kanye nokuphuka okuphulukisa ngokukhubazeka (i-malunion) 
• Isisindo esiningi sibeka ingcindezi engavamile emadolweni. 
• Ezinye izici eziyingozi njenge-arthritis, ikakhulukazi emadolweni, ezingashintsha ukuqondanisa kwamalunga 
• Ukushoda kwe-calcium 
• Akuvamile, izimila zethambo eliyingozi noma izimo zokuzalwa (zalo). 

Izimpawu ze-Knock Knees 

Uphawu oluphawuleka kakhulu lwamadolo angqongqozayo ukuguqa kwamadolo kwangaphakathi lapho umuntu emi eqondise imilenze, nezinzwane zibheke phambili. Lokhu kubangela igebe phakathi kwamaqakala kuyilapho amadolo ethintana. Le nkinga yokuqondanisa ngokuvamile iholela endleleni engavamile yokuhamba kanye nokujikeleza kwangaphandle kwezinyawo. 

Ukuguqa ngamadolo kungabangela ukungakhululeki nezinkinga ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise: 

• Ubuhlungu ngokuvamile buthinta amadolo, izinyathelo, izinyawo, noma amaqakala 
• Amalunga aqinile noma abuhlungu, ukuncipha kokunyakaza ezinqulwini, nobunzima bokuhamba noma ukugijima 
• Ukungaqini kwedolo, njengokuqondanisa kwamadolo okungavamile, kubeka amandla amakhulu phezu kwedolo elilodwa noma womabili, okungase kuholele ekukhubazekeni kwamathambo okuqhubekayo kanye nokuwohloka okuqhubekayo kwamadolo. 
• Ukungazinzi kwe-Patellofemoral ezigulini ezikhulile eziye zaguqa ngamadolo iminyaka eminingi kubangela ukugcwala ngokweqile kwengxenye ye-lateral yedolo ngenkathi yelula i-medial collateral ligament. 
• Abanye abantu noma abazali babo bangase babhekane nokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo, njengoba bengajabuli ngokubukeka kobuhle bamadolo aguqekayo. 

Izinkinga 

Ukuguqa ngamadolo kungaholela ezinkingeni ezihlukahlukene uma kungelashwa, ikakhulukazi ezimeni eziqhubekayo kusukela ebuntwaneni noma ezibangelwa izimo ezingaphansi. 

• Ukuwohloka Ngaphambi Kokuhlangana Kwedolo: Ukuqondanisa okungavamile kubeka amandla amakhulu kakhulu ohlangothini olungaphandle lwedolo, okubangela ubuhlungu nokulimala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. 
• Ukungazinzi kwe-Patellofemoral: Lokhu kungazinzi kungase kwandise ingozi yezinyembezi ze-meniscal kanye nokukhishwa kwe-patellar. 
• I-Off-centric Knee Caps: Ukungahambi kahle kungabangela ukuthi ama-kneecaps angabi phakathi nendawo, okwandisa ukucindezela nobuhlungu phambi kwedolo. 
• I-arthritis: Ukusatshalaliswa kokucindezeleka okungavamile ekuhlanganyeleni kwamadolo kungaholela ekuqaleni kokuqala osteoarthritis, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala asebenaso iminyaka eminingi. Njengoba ilunga liqhubeka liguga, ukukhubazeka kungase kuqhubeke, kudala umjikelezo wezimpawu eziba zimbi. 
• Ubuhlungu Be-Hip Noback: Ngokuvamile zibangelwa ukujikeleza kwe-hip okungavamile okuhambisana nalesi simo. 
• Ubuhlungu Eqakaleni kanye Nezinkinga Zezinyawo Ezingenzeka: Zenzeka ngenxa yokwanda kwengcindezi endaweni yamaqakala 

Sifo 

• Ukuhlolwa Komzimba: Udokotela angase ahlole umzimba wonke. Ukuhlolwa kuhlanganisa: 
  • Ukuhlolwa kwe-trajectory yokukhula kwemilenze ezinganeni 
  • Ukuhlolwa kokuqondisa kwamadolo lapho umile 
  • Ukubuka indlela isiguli ehamba ngayo 
  • Ihlola noma yimuphi umehluko ngobude bomlenze 
  • Ukulinganisa ibanga phakathi kwamathambo eqakala (Imvamisa, igebe kufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-8 cm lapho umi ngamadolo ndawonye) 
  • Ukufuna amaphethini okugqoka angalingani ematheni esicathulo sesiguli 
• Ukuhlolwa Kwezithombe: Lezi zihlanganisa ama-X-ray noma i-MRIS futhi ziwusizo ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-7 noma lapho imilenze ingalingani ngosayizi nokuma. 
• Ukuhlaziywa kwephrofayela ye-Gait kanye ne-Rotational: Lokhu kuhlola kusiza ekuboneni imbangela eyinhloko yokukhubazeka kwe-angular. 

Ukwelashwa Kwe-Knock Knees 

Ukwelapha amadolo aguqe kuyehluka kuye ngokuthi ubucayi kangakanani kanye nembangela yalesi simo. 

• Ukuqapha: Ukubhekisisa eduze kuvame ukwanele ezinganeni eziningi, ikakhulukazi lezo ezineminyaka engu-2 no-5 ubudala, njengoba kufikela ku-99% wamacala ezixazulula ngokwemvelo ngeminyaka engu-7. 
• Ukuphathwa Kwe-Conservative: Lona umugqa wokuqala wokwelashwa. Lokhu kuhlanganisa: 
  • Ukulawulwa kwesisindo sokunciphisa ukucindezeleka emadolweni 
  • Ama-Orthotics, njengokufakwa kwezithende, angazuzisa abantu abanobude bomlenze obungafani. 
  • I-Vitamin D kanye ne-calcium supplementation ingasebenza ngempumelelo ekwelapheni amadolo aguqa ahlobene nama-rickets. 
• Ukungenelela Kokuhlinzwa:  
  • Ukuhlinzwa Kokukhula Okuqondisiwe: Kuyindlela evamile ezinganeni ezisondela ekuthombeni. Le nqubo encane ihlanganisa ukufaka amapuleti ensimbi amancane ohlangothini lwangaphakathi lwamapuleti okukhula atholakala emadolweni, okuvumela uhlangothi olungaphandle ukubamba futhi luqondise imilenze. 
  • Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Osteotomy: Kungase kunconyelwe abantu abadala noma labo abanokukhubazeka okubi kakhulu. Le nqubo ihlanganisa ukusika & ukulungisa kabusha ithambo ngenhla noma ngaphansi kwedolo ukuze uqondise imilenze. 

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela 

Abazali kufanele babonane nodokotela uma: 

• Amadolo engane yabo aphikelela nangaphezu kweminyaka emi-5 
• Lesi simo sivela ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-2 ubudala 
• Igebe phakathi kwamaqakala lingaphezu kuka-8 cm uma umile amadolo ehlangene 

Abantu abadala kufanele babonane nodokotela uma: 

• Baqala ukuguqa ngamadolo kamuva ekuphileni 
• Lesi simo sihambisana nobuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, ukuqina, noma ukufudumala kwelinye noma kokubili idolo 
• Umlenze owodwa kuphela othintekile 
• Kunomehluko obonakalayo ngobude bomlenze 
• Inkinga iba yimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi 
• Uma kubangela ubunzima bokuhamba noma ukuxhuga 

Isiphetho 

Ukuguqa ngamadolo kungaba nomthelela omkhulu kwikhwalithi yokuphila yomuntu, kuthinte ukuhamba futhi okungase kuholele ezindabeni ezihlangene zesikhathi eside. Ukuqonda izimbangela, izimpawu, kanye nokwelashwa okutholakalayo kubalulekile ukuze ulawule lesi simo ngempumelelo. Kusukela ezindleleni ezilondolozayo ezifana nokulawulwa kwesisindo kanye nama-orthotics kuya ekungeneni kokuhlinzwa ezimeni ezinzima, izinketho ezihlukahlukene zikhona ukuze kubhekwane namadolo aguqe futhi kuthuthukiswe ukuqondana komlenze jikelele. 

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa 

1. Ingabe ukuguqa ngamadolo kujwayelekile? 

Amadolo ashayayo ngokuvamile ayingxenye evamile yokukhula kwengane. Izingane eziningi ziba nalesi simo phakathi kweminyaka emi-2 nengu-5. Kuyiphethini evamile yokukhula lapho amadolo engela ngaphakathi lapho emi izinyawo zihlangene. 

2. Ngiwalungisa kanjani amadolo angqongqozayo ngokwemvelo? 

Ukulungiswa kwemvelo kuvame ukwenzeka ngaphandle kokungenelela kwezokwelapha ezimweni ezithambile zokuguqa ngamadolo, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni. Nokho, ezinye izivivinyo zingasiza ukuthuthukisa ukuqondana. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuhamba ngebhayisikili, ama-sumo squats, nokuphakanyiswa kwemilenze. Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo nakho kubalulekile, njengoba isisindo esiningi singabangela ubunzima obungadingekile emadolweni. 

3. Ingabe ukuhamba kuyawanciphisa amadolo? 

Nakuba ukuhamba kungase kungawanciphisi ngokuqondile amadolo, ukuzivocavoca okuvamile kungasiza ukuqinisa imisipha ezungeze amadolo futhi kuthuthukise ukuqondana komlenze jikelele. Imisebenzi edinga ukugijima (ukudlala ibhola noma ibasketball) ingaba yinzuzo. 

4. Amadolo ahamba emingaki? 

Ezimweni eziningi, amadolo aguqayo akhula njengengxenye yokukhula evamile axazulule lapho eneminyaka engu-7 noma engu-8. Ngalesi sikhathi, imilenze ivame ukuqondisa ngokwemvelo. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izingane zingase ziqhubeke nokuba nezinga elincane lokuguqa ngamadolo zize zibe neminyaka engu-12 kuya kwengu-14 ubudala. 

5. Kuzothatha izinsuku ezingaki ukulungisa amadolo? 

Isikhathi esithathwayo ukulungisa amadolo angqongqozayo siyahlukahluka futhi kuya ngembangela engaba khona kanye nobukhulu besimo. Ezinganeni eziguqa ngamadolo njengengxenye yentuthuko evamile, lesi simo sivame ukuzixazulula ngokwaso phakathi neminyaka embalwa. Ezimeni lapho ukwelashwa kudingekile, njengokuqiniswa noma ukuhlinzwa ukukhula okuqondisiwe, inqubo yokulungisa ingathatha izinyanga kuya eminyakeni. 

CARE Medical Team

3