I-Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

I-left ventricular hypertrophy ingaba nomthelela ezimpilweni zabantu. Lesi simo, lapho umfutho wegazi oyinhloko (i-ventricle yesokunxele) ushuba, singaphezu nje kwegama lezokwelapha - yinkinga yezempilo ebucayi ethinta abaningi. Odokotela bavame ukusebenzisa i-ECG ukuze bahlole ukuthi i-left ventricular hypertrophy, enikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nokusebenza kukagesi wenhliziyo nokwakheka kwayo.

Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukungena nokuphuma kwe-Left Ventricular Hypertrophy. Sizohlola izimbangela, izimpawu okufanele uziqaphele, kanye nokwelashwa okutholakalayo. 

Iyini i-Left Ventricular Hypertrophy?

I-left ventricular hypertrophy yisimo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi lapho izindonga ze-ventricle yesokunxele, ikamelo elimpompa lenhliziyo, zijiya. Lokhu kuqina kungase kuthinte ikhono lenhliziyo lokupompa igazi ngempumelelo. I-ventricle yesokunxele inesibopho sokuthumela igazi eligcwele umoya-mpilo ku-aorta, bese lisabalalisa kuwo wonke umzimba. Lapho inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima ukuze impompe igazi, izicubu ezisezindongeni ze-ventricle kwesokunxele zikhula ngokweqile, inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-hypertrophy. Lolu shintsho lungaholela ekwandeni kwengcindezi ngaphakathi kwenhliziyo, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi isitho sisebenze ngendlela efanele. Ngenxa yalokho, kungase kube khona ukuntuleka komoyampilo emcupheni wenhliziyo, futhi izinguquko ohlelweni lokuhamba kwenhliziyo zingabangela ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (arrhythmias).

I-Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Izimbangela

Izimbangela ezihlukahlukene zingaholela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-left ventricular hypertrophy, njenge: 

• I-Hypertension: Okuvame kakhulu umfutho wegazi ophezulu, okwenza inhliziyo isebenze kanzima ukumpompa igazi. Lo mzamo owengeziwe uholela ekuqineni kwezindonga ze-ventricle kwesokunxele. 
• I-Aortic Valve Stenosis: I-aortic valve stenosis iphoqa inhliziyo ukuthi yenze ingcindezi eyengeziwe yokumpompa igazi ku-aorta. 
• Izifo Zofuzo: Izimo ezithile zofuzo, njenge-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, zingase futhi zibangele i-left ventricular hypertrophy. Kulokhu, izinguquko zofuzo zibangela ukuba imisipha yenhliziyo ishube, ngisho nangaphandle komfutho wegazi ophakeme. 
• Ukujima Kakhulu: Ukuqeqeshwa okujulile kwezokusubatha kungaholela esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi inhliziyo yomdlali, lapho ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba isikhathi eside kubangela ukuthi inhliziyo ikhule.

Izimpawu ze-Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

Inhliziyo yesokunxele i-hypertrophy ye-ventricular ivame ukukhula kancane kancane, futhi abantu abaningi bangase bangaziboni izimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala. Nokho, njengoba lesi simo siqhubeka, ukucindezeleka kwenhliziyo kungaholela ezimpawu ezibonakalayo, njenge: 

• Ukuphefumula, ikakhulukazi lapho ulele
• Ukuvuvukala emilenzeni
• Ubuhlungu besifuba, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca
• Ukuzwa kokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukuphapha, noma ukushayeka kwenhliziyo (Inhliziyo eshaya ngamandla) 
• Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, iziguli zingase zibe nesiyezi noma ngisho nokuquleka

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lezi zimpawu zingahluka futhi zincike ebucayi kanye nobude besimo. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ze-hypertrophy ye-ventricular kwesokunxele, sincoma ukuthi ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha ukuze uxilongwe kahle futhi ulashwe.

Izingozi Zezingozi

Izici ezithile zandisa amathuba okuba ne-left ventricular hypertrophy: 

• Ukukhuluphala 
• Iminyaka yobudala idlala indima ethile, kanti abantu abadala asebekhulile bayathinteka kakhulu. 
• Ubuhlanga - abantu abamnyama
• Arrhythmias
• I-aortic valve stenosis
• Diabetes
• Izici zofuzo nazo zinomthelela

Izinkinga ze-Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

I-hypertrophy ye-ventricular yesokunxele ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu uma ishiywe ingalashwa, njenge:

• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-Systolic noma kwe-diastolic - Njengoba isimo siqhubeka, kuba nomthelela ekhonweni lenhliziyo lokupompa igazi ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kungaholela ekungasebenzi kahle kwe-systolic noma kwe-diastolic, ekugcineni kuholele ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo kwesigaba sokuphela. 
• Arrhythmias
• I-fibrillation ye-Atrial
• I-Ischemic stroke
• Ukwanda kwesidingo se-oxygen ye-myocardial ku-eccentric hypertrophy kungase kubangele i-angina noma izimpawu ze-ischemic. 
• Isifo senhliziyo

Kubalulekile ukubhekana ne-LVH ngokushesha ukuze uvimbele le miphumela emibi.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

Ekuqaleni udokotela uzobuza ngezimpawu, umlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo, nezici eziyingozi (umfutho wegazi ophakeme noma isifo sikashukela).
Izivivinyo eziningana zokuxilonga i-hypertrophy ye-ventricular kwesokunxele, njenge: 

• Ukuhlola Umzimba: Odokotela bangathola ukububula kwenhliziyo noma imisindo engavamile ngokulalela nge-stethoscope.
• I-Electrocardiography (ECG): I-ECG iwukuhlolwa kokuxilonga okutholakala kalula kakhulu. Ikala ukusebenza kukagesi wenhliziyo ngama-electrode esikhumba.
• I-Echocardiogram: I-echocardiogram inikeza ukuzwela okuphezulu futhi ingakwazi ukubona okunye okungavamile kwenhliziyo. Isebenzisa i-ultrasound ukukala ubukhulu obuhlukahlukene benhliziyo futhi ubale inkomba yesisindo se-ventricular kwesokunxele. 
• I-MRI: I-Cardiac MRI iyisilinganiso segolide esijwayelekile sokuxilonga ukuthola i-hypertrophy ye-ventricular yesokunxele.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa kwe-left ventricular hypertrophy ukuphatha izimo ezingaphansi ezibangela lesi simo. 

• Imithi: 
  • Imithi Yomfutho Wegazi: Odokotela banikeza imithi efana ne-angiotensin receptor blockers, i-ACE inhibitors, noma izithiyo zesiteshi se-calcium ukuze kwehliswe umfutho wegazi futhi okungenzeka kuhlehlise ukujiya kwemisipha yenhliziyo. 
  • Imithi ye-Anti-arrhythmic: Odokotela banikeza imithi elwa nokungezwani komzimba ekwelapheni i-arrhythmia.
• Ukwelapha Izimo Eziyisisekelo:
  • Ukulawula izimo ze-metabolic, ezifana nesifo sikashukela noma ukukhuluphala, kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka kwenhliziyo.
  • Ukubhekana nokuphazamiseka kokulala nokucindezeleka kungase kuthuthukise ukusebenza kwenhliziyo.
• Ukuhlinzwa:
  • Ezimweni lapho i-hypertrophy ye-ventricular kwesokunxele ibangelwa i-aortic valve stenosis, odokotela bangase batusa ukuhlinzwa esikhundleni se-valve. Le nqubo ivumela ukugeleza kwegazi okufanele futhi ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo. 
  • Odokotela baphinde bagcizelele ukubaluleka kwezinguquko zendlela yokuphila, okuhlanganisa ukudla okuhambisana nenhliziyo nokuzivocavoca njalo, ukuze kuhambisane nokwelashwa nokunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga.

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

• Ngokushesha funa isiqondiso sezokwelapha uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezingase zibonise I-Left Ventricular Hypertrophy. 
• Uma unobuhlungu obukhulu besifuba obuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu embalwa, ukuphefumula kanzima, noma ukuba nekhanda elikhanyayo kungazelelwe, kubalulekile ukuthola usizo oluphuthumayo ngokushesha. 
• Ukwengeza, uma ubona izimpawu zokushaywa unhlangothi okungenzeka, njengobunzima bokukhuluma, ikhanda elibuhlungu ngokuzumayo nelinzima, noma ubuthakathaka ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba wakho, ungangabazi ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo.
• Ukuhlolwa njalo kubalulekile ukuze kuqashwe impilo yenhliziyo yakho uma unomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma ezinye izici eziyingozi ze-left ventricular hypertrophy. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kuyisihluthulelo sokwenza uhlelo lokwelapha olusebenzayo lwe-Left Ventricular Hypertrophy.

Ukuvimbela

Ukuvimbela i-hypertrophy ye-ventricular yesokunxele kubalulekile ekugcineni impilo yenhliziyo, okuhlanganisa:

• Ukulawula umfutho wegazi ophezulu
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo okunosawoti omncane namafutha ezilwane kodwa okucebile ngezithelo, imifino, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, namaprotheni angenawo amandla. 
• Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo, njengoba udokotela wakho eluleka, kungasiza ekwehliseni izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo nomfutho wegazi. 
• Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo nakho kubalulekile. 
• Ukunciphisa noma ukugwema utshwala
• Ukulawula ingcindezi ngokusebenzisa amasu okunciphisa ukucindezeleka njengokuphefumula okujulile noma i-yoga kungaba yinzuzo. 
• Ukuyeka ukubhema 
• Ukuhlolwa komfutho wegazi ngezikhathi ezithile kubalulekile ukuze kutholakale ngokushesha kanye nokwelashwa.

Isiphetho

I-Left ventricular hypertrophy yisimo senhliziyo esibucayi esinomthelela ezimpilweni zabantu abaningi. Lesi sihloko sibheke izimbangela zayo, izimpawu, izici zobungozi, kanye nezinkinga ezingaba khona. Siphinde sahlola ukuthi odokotela baxilonga futhi basiphathe kanjani lesi simo, sigcizelela ukubaluleka kokulawula umfutho wegazi ophakeme nokwenza izinguquko zokuphila okunempilo. 

Ukuqonda izimpawu ze-hypertrophy ye-ventricular yesokunxele nokwazi ukuthi uzombona nini udokotela kuyisihluthulelo sokuhlala phezu kwempilo yakho yenhliziyo. Ngokuthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela lesi simo, njengokudla kahle, ukuzivocavoca njalo, nokugcina ukucindezeleka, ungasiza ukugcina inhliziyo yakho iqinile futhi inempilo. Khumbula, impilo yenhliziyo yakho isezandleni zakho, futhi izinguquko ezincane zingathuthukisa inhlalakahle yakho yonke.

FAQ sika

1. Ivamise kangakanani i-left ventricular hypertrophy?

I-hypertrophy ye-ventricular yesokunxele ikhona ku-15% kuya ku-20% wabantu bonke. Kuvame kakhulu kubantu abamnyama, abantu abadala, nalabo abakhuluphele ngokweqile noma abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme. Ezigulini ezingalashwanga ezinomfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukusabalala kusukela ku-19% kuya ku-48%, kukhuphuke kuye ku-58% -77% ezigulini ezisengozini enkulu yomfutho wegazi ophakeme.

2. Ingakanani i-hypertrophy ye-ventricular yesobunxele?

I-left ventricular hypertrophy yisimo esibucayi. Kuyisibikezelo esingaguquki sokugula kwenhliziyo nokufa kweziguli ezinomfutho wegazi ophakeme. Uma isithuthukisiwe, kwandisa kakhulu ingozi ye-ischemia ye-myocardial, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, i-arrhythmias, nokufa kungazelelwe.

3. Ingabe kufanele ngikhathazeke nge-hypertrophy ye-ventricular yesokunxele?

Odokotela bayeluleka ukuthatha ngokungathí sina i-hypertrophy ye-ventricular yesokunxele. Kubeka iziguli engcupheni enkulu yezehlakalo zenhliziyo kanye nokufa. Kodwa-ke, lesi simo singalawuleka noma sihoxiswe ngokuphathwa ngendlela efanele, okuhlanganisa nokushintsha kwendlela yokuphila kanye nokwelashwa.

4. Ingabe i-hypertrophy ye-ventricular kwesokunxele idinga ukuhlinzwa?

Ukuhlinzwa akudingekile ngaso sonke isikhathi ku-hypertrophy ye-ventricular yesokunxele. Ukwelashwa kuncike kumbangela. Ezimweni ze-aortic stenosis, kungase kunconywe ukushintshwa kwevalve ye-aortic, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona i-stenosis ekhula ngokushesha nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-ventricular kwesokunxele.

5. Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ku-LVH?

Isikhathi sokululama kusuka ku-hypertrophy ye-ventricular yesokunxele siyahlukahluka. Ucwaningo oluhlukahlukene lubonise ukuthi ngemva kwezinyanga ezingaba ngu-38 zokwelashwa, u-90.5% wezifundo wathola ukwehla okuphelele kwe-LVH. Kuyinqubo ehamba kancane edinga ukwelashwa okungaguquki kanye nezinguquko zokuphila.

6. Ingabe i-LVH ingancishiswa?

Yebo, i-LVH ingancishiswa. Imithi yokwelapha ye-antihypertensive edala ukwehla kwe-LVH ikhonjiswe ukuthi inciphisa amazinga ezehlakalo ezimbi zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi futhi ithuthukise ukusinda. Ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila, okuhlanganisa ukuncipha kokudla kukasawoti kanye nokuzivocavoca njalo, kubalulekile ekulawuleni i-LVH.

7. Ingabe i-cholesterol ephezulu ingabangela i-left ventricular hypertrophy?

Nakuba umfutho wegazi ophakeme kuyimbangela eyinhloko ye-hypertrophy ye-left ventricular, ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ubuhlobo phakathi kwamazinga e-cholesterol ne-LVH. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze kusungulwe isixhumanisi esiyimbangela phakathi kwe-cholesterol ephezulu kanye ne-left ventricular hypertrophy.

UDkt. Chanakya Kishore Kammaripalli

MBBS, MD, DM (Cardiology) (AIIMS), FACC, FSCAI
CARE Medical Center, Tolichowki, Hyderabad, CARE Hospitals, HITEC City, Hyderabad

Ukuze Ubhukhe Isikhathi, shayela:

+ 91 40-68106529

5