IMitral Valve Prolapse 

Wake wezwa umuzwa obhakuzayo esifubeni sakho noma wezwa ngendlela engachazeki ukuphelelwa umoya? Lokhu kungase kube izinkomba zesifo se-mitral valve prolapse, isimo senhliziyo esivamile esithinta izigidi emhlabeni wonke. I-Mitral valve prolapse iqala lapho i-valve ephakathi kwamagumbi angakwesobunxele enhliziyo ingavaleki kahle, okungase kuholele ezimpawini ezihlukahlukene kanye nezinkinga. 

Lesi sihloko sidingida ubunkimbinkimbi besifo se-mitral valve prolapse, sihlola izimpawu zaso, izimbangela, kanye nokwelashwa okutholakalayo. 

Iyini i-Mitral Valve Prolapse? 

Lesi simo singenye yezinkinga zenhliziyo ezivame kakhulu ezithinta i-valve phakathi kwamagumbi enhliziyo angakwesokunxele. Kwenzeka lapho amapheshana e-mitral valve, noma amapheshana, eba i-floppy futhi eqhuma ehlehlela emuva ku-atrium yangakwesobunxele ngesikhathi sokufinyela kwenhliziyo. Lesi simo saziwa nangokuthi i-floppy valve syndrome, i-click-murmur syndrome, noma amapheshana e-mitral abilayo. 
I-Mitral valve prolapse yisifo se-myxomatous valve, okusho ukuthi izicubu ze-valve zinwebeka ngendlela engavamile. 

Izimpawu ze-Mitral Valve Prolapse 

I-Mitral valve prolapse ngokuvamile ayibangeli izimpawu, futhi abantu abaningi abanalesi simo bangase bangabi nazo izinkinga zempilo. Izimpawu zincike ebucayini futhi zingabandakanya: 

• I-Palpitations yisona sikhalazo esivame kakhulu. Lokhu kungazwakala njengokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile. 
• I-Mitral valve prolapse ubuhlungu besifuba ingenye uphawu oluvamile, nakuba ihluke ebuhlungu obuhambisana nesifo se-coronary artery. 
• Abanye abantu bangase babhekane nakho isiyezi, ukukhathala, noma ukuphelelwa umoya, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokusebenza komzimba. 
• Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukubuyiswa kwe-mitral kungaholela ekwandiseni i-atrium engakwesobunxele noma i-ventricle, okungase kubangele izimpawu zokuhluleka kwenhliziyo njengobuthakathaka kanye nokuphefumula. 

Izimbangela ze-Mitral Valve Prolapse 

Isizathu esiqondile se-mitral valve prolapse asaziwa, kodwa abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi inesici esinamandla sofuzo. Lesi simo singenzeka njengesifo esizimele noma njengengxenye yama-syndromes ezicubu ezixhumeneyo. 

• I-mitral valve prolapse eyinhloko ihlanganisa ukujiya i-valve flap eyodwa noma womabili, evame ukubonakala kubantu abane-Marfan syndrome noma ezinye izifo ezitholakala ngofuzo ezixhumene nezicubu. 
• I-mitral valve prolapse yesibili, lapho ama-flaps engaqini, ingase ibangele ukulimala kwe-ischemic emisipha ye-papillary noma izinguquko zokusebenza kwemisipha yenhliziyo. 
• Ucwaningo lwezofuzo luhlonze izifunda ezimbalwa ze-chromosomal ezixhunywe ku-mitral valve prolapse, okuhlanganisa i-MMVP1, i-MMVP2, ne-MMVP3. Ukwengeza, ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ezifana ne-FLNA, DCHS1, ne-DZIP1 kutholwe kubangela izinhlobo ze-myxomatous ze-mitral valve prolapse kweminye imindeni. 
• Izicubu ze-Mitral valve zingaguquguquka kakhulu njengoba abantu bekhula, okuholela ekukhuphukeni. 

Izinkinga zeMitral Valve Prolapse 

I-Mitral valve prolapse ingaholela ezinkingeni eziningana ezinzima. 

Ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko i-mitral regurgitation, lapho igazi livuza lihlehle ngevalvu. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuthi inhliziyo isebenze ngendlela efanele futhi kungaholela ekutheni yokumelwa yinhliziyo. Abantu abanama-valve aqine kakhulu angalungisiwe babhekana nemiphumela engemihle, kanye namathuba angu-20% okufa phakathi nonyaka owodwa kanye nethuba elingu-50% phakathi neminyaka emihlanu. 

Ezinye izinkinga ezingaba khona zihlanganisa: 

• I-endocarditis ethathelwanayo 
• I-fibrillation ye-Atrial 
• I-ventricular arrhythmias. 
• Ukuvuvukala kwegumbi lenhliziyo elingaphezulu kwesokunxele 
• Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo okungazelelwe 

Izingozi ze-Mitral Valve Prolapse 

Kunezici eziningana ezandisa amathuba okuthuthukisa i-mitral valve prolapse. 

• Iminyaka yobudala idlala indima, njengoba isimo singaba sibi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ikakhulukazi kulabo abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65. 
• Umlando womndeni ubalulekile, ngokuhlukahluka okuthile kofuzo okuhlobene nesifo. 
• Ukuphazamiseka kwezicubu ezixhumeneyo (i-Marfan syndrome kanye ne-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome) kunobudlelwane obuqinile ne-mitral valve prolapse. I-91% yeziguli ezine-Marfan syndrome zinalesi simo. 
• Ukungawuvivinyi umzimba kanye nezindlela zokudla ezingenampilo kungaba nomthelela engcupheni. 
• Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme (umfutho wegazi ophakeme) nesifo sikashukela nazo zinganyusa amathuba okuthuthukisa i-mitral valve prolapse. 
• Abesifazane bavame ukuthinteka kakhulu, nakuba amadoda ebhekene nengozi enkulu yokubuyiselwa kabusha kwe-mitral. 

Ukuxilongwa kwe-Mitral Valve Prolapse 

Odokotela ngokuvamile baxilonga i-mitral valve prolapse ngokuhlolwa ngokomzimba nangokulalela inhliziyo nge-stethoscope. Umsindo wokuchofoza ohlukile, ovame ukuhambisana nokukhononda, ungabonisa isimo. 

Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa nokuhlola ukuqina kwayo, izazi zenhliziyo zisebenzisa izivivinyo ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa: 

• An bhequza (esebenzisa amaza omsindo ukwakha izithombe zenhliziyo) iyithuluzi lokuxilonga eliwusizo kakhulu. Ingenziwa njenge-transthoracic echocardiogram evamile noma i-echocardiogram ye-transesophageal enemininingwane eminingi. 
• Olunye uphenyo lungabandakanya: 
• Ama-X-ray esifuba ukuhlola inhliziyo ekhulisiwe 
• Ama-Electrocardiograms ukuthola isigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile 
• Vivinya izivivinyo zokucindezeleka ukuze uhlole ukusebenza kwenhliziyo phakathi nomsebenzi womzimba 
• Kwezinye izimo, i-catheterization yenhliziyo noma i-MRI yenhliziyo ingase idingeke ukuze kuhlolwe kabanzi inhliziyo namavalvu ayo. 

Ukwelashwa kwe-Mitral Valve Prolapse 

Abantu abaningi abanezimpawu ze-mitral valve prolapse ezincane abadingi ukwelashwa, ikakhulukazi labo abanamacala amancane. Odokotela bangamane baqaphe isimo ngokusihlola njalo- 
phezulu. 

Imithi: Odokotela bangase banikeze imithi ehlukene ye-mitral valve prolapse ngokusekelwe kuzimbangela eziyinhloko. 

Kulabo abanezimpawu, ama-beta-blockers angasiza ukuphatha isiyezi noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo. 

Ezimweni ze-atrial fibrillation noma umlando wokushaywa unhlangothi, ama-anticoagulants angase anqunywe. 

Ukungenelela Kokuhlinzwa: Lapho ukuhlinzwa kudingekile, izinketho zihlanganisa ukulungiswa kwe-mitral valve nokushintshwa. Ukulungisa kukhethwa njengoba kugcina i-valve ekhona nokusebenza kwenhliziyo. Ukushintsha kuhilela ukufaka ivalvu engumshini noma yebhayoloji. 

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela 

Thatha usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma unesifuba esizumayo noma esingavamile, njengoba lokhu kungase kubonise isifo senhliziyo. Kulabo asebetholwe ukuthi bane-mitral valve prolapse, thintana nodokotela wakho uma izimpawu ziba zimbi. 

Prevention 

Nakuba i-mitral valve prolapse ingenakuvinjelwa ngokuqondile, abantu ngabanye bangathatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa ingozi yokuthola isifo se-valve yenhliziyo futhi baphathe lesi simo ngempumelelo, njenge: 

• Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo nokuzivocavoca okuhleliwe, njengoba kugunyazwe udokotela wakho 
• Ukuyeka ukubhema 
• Ukwamukela ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo 
• Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo 
• Ukuphatha izimo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophezulu kanye nesifo sikashukela 
• Izindlela zokulawula ingcindezi (i-yoga noma ukuphefumula okujulile) 
• Kulabo abane-mitral valve prolapse, ukuhlolwa okuvamile kubalulekile 

Isiphetho 

I-Mitral valve prolapse, nakuba ngokuvamile iyingozi, ithinta izigidi emhlabeni wonke futhi idinga ukunakwa ngokucophelela. Amandla alesi simo okuba nezinkinga agcizelela ukubaluleka kokutholwa kusenesikhathi nokuphathwa okufanele. Ukuqonda izimpawu, izimbangela, kanye nezici zobungozi kwenza abantu bakwazi ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha ukuze balondoloze impilo yenhliziyo yabo. Ukuhlolwa njalo, a indlela yokuphila enempilo yenhliziyo, futhi ukuxhumana okuvulekile nodokotela bakho kubalulekile ukuze uqaphe futhi ulawule lesi simo ngempumelelo. 

FAQ sika 

1. Ingabe i-mitral valve prolapse ibhekwa njengesifo senhliziyo? 

I-Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) yisifo se-valve yenhliziyo esiwela ngaphansi kwesambulela sezifo zenhliziyo. Kuthinta i-valve phakathi kwamagumbi enhliziyo angakwesokunxele futhi kungaholela ekuvuzeni kwegazi. Nakuba ngokuvamile ingenabungozi, idinga ukuqapha futhi ingase idinge ukwelashwa ezimeni ezinzima. 

2. Kwenzekani uma i-mitral valve prolapse ingelashwa? 

Uma ishiywe ingalashwa, i-mitral valve prolapse ingase iholele ezinkingeni ezifana ne-mitral regurgitation, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile. Nokho, abantu abaningi abanalesi simo abaziboni izimpawu noma badinga ukwelashwa. 

3. Ingabe izinkinga ze-mitral valve zibucayi? 

Izinkinga ze-valve ye-mitral zingasukela kokuncane kuye kwezinzima. Nakuba izimo eziningi ze-mitral valve prolapse ziyingozi, ukuphindaphinda okunzima kungaholela ezinkingeni ezimbi njengokuhluleka kwenhliziyo noma i-atrial fibrillation. Ubunzima buncike ezingeni lokungasebenzi kahle kwe-valve kanye nezimpawu ezihambisanayo. 

4. Yikuphi ukudla okusiza i-mitral valve prolapse? 

Ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo kunenzuzo kulabo abane-mitral valve prolapse. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izithelo, imifino, okusanhlamvu okuphelele namaprotheni angenalutho. Omega-3Ukudla okucebile njengezinhlanzi ezinamafutha kanye ne-flaxseed kungasiza ekulawuleni ukuvuvukala. Ukunciphisa i-sodium, amafutha agcwele, noshukela nakho kuyanconywa. 

5. Yikuphi ukushoda okubangela i-mitral valve prolapse? 

Ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuhlobana phakathi kokuntuleka kwe-magnesium kanye nezimpawu ze-mitral valve prolapse. Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi iziguli eziningi ezinezimpawu ze-mitral valve prolapse zinamazinga aphansi e-serum magnesium. I-Magnesium supplementation ibonise izimpawu ezithuthukisiwe kwezinye izimo. Nokho, ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze uqonde lobu budlelwano ngokugcwele.

CARE Medical Team

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