Ama-Polyps Amakhala

Wake wazibuza ukuthi kungani ikhala lakho lihlala ligcwele, ngisho nalapho ungenawo umkhuhlane? Ama-polyps ekhaleni angase abe yimbangela. Lokhu kukhula okuthambile, okungenabuhlungu emakhaleni noma emakhaleni kuthinta izigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke. Nakuba ngokuvamile kungenangozi, isifo se-polyp samakhala singabangela ukungakhululeki futhi siphazamise ukuphefumula okuvamile, okwenza kube kubalulekile ukuqonda imvelo yabo kanye nezinketho ezitholakalayo zokwelashwa kwe-polyp yamakhala. Lesi sihloko sidingida izizathu ezibangela ama-polyps akhala, izimpawu zawo, nendlela odokotela abaxilonga ngayo. 

Ayini ama-Nasal Polyps?

Ama-polyp ekhaleni athambile, angenabuhlungu, angenawo umdlavuza noma angenawo amanxeba okumila olwelwesi lwamakhala noma amasinusi. Lokhu kuvuvukala okufana namagilebhisi kubangelwa ukuvuvukala okungapheli futhi kungahluka ngobukhulu kusukela kokuncane kuya kokukhulu. Avame ukuvela ngamaqoqo, afana nesixha samagilebhisi. Izimila ngokuvamile zakha endaweni lapho ama-sinuses evuleka khona emgodini wamakhala. 

Izimpawu ze-Nasal Polyps

Lokhu kukhula kungabangela uhla lwezimpawu ezishiyanayo ngokuqina. Ama-polyp amancane angase angabangeli izinkinga eziphawulekayo, kodwa njengoba ekhula, abantu bangase bahlangabezane:

• Ukuminyana emakhaleni (ikhala eligcwele ikhala)
• I-Rhinorrhea (ikhala eligijima)
• Ukuphathwa yikhanda
• Ukulahlekelwa ukunambitheka kanye nephunga
• I-Nosebleeds
• Ukudonswa kweposi
• Ingcindezi ye-sinus
• snoring

Lapho ama-polyp ekhula abemakhulu ngokwanele ukuvimba imigudu yamakhala nezono, angaholela ezinkingeni ezinzima kakhulu:

• Ukuhlaselwa kwesifuba somoya njalo (ezigulini ezine-asthmatic)
• Ukutheleleka kwe-sinus okuphindaphindiwe (i-sinusitis)
• Izinkinga zokulala ezifana ne-apnea
• Ukuphefumula kanzima, nakubantu abangenaso isifuba somoya

Izinkinga ze-Nasal Polyps

Isizathu esiqondile sama-polyps akhala kuseyimpicabadala kochwepheshe bezokwelapha. 

Ukuvuvukala okungamahlalakhona emigudwini yamakhala kanye nezono kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwama-polyps akhala. Lokhu kuvuvukala okuhlala isikhathi eside kungavela emithonjeni ehlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa:

• I-sinusitis engapheli
• Amagciwane
• Asthma
• Izifo

Ukuxilongwa kwe-Nasal Polyps

Ukuhlola ama-polyps akhala kuhilela inhlanganisela yokuhlolwa komzimba nokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha. 

• Odokotela baqala ngokubuyekeza umlando wezokwelapha wesiguli, bagxile ezintweni ezingezwani nazo emzimbeni, isifuba somoya, nezifo ze-sinus. Baphinde babuze ngezimpawu kanye nobude bazo.
• Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa i-endoscopy yamakhala. Le nqubo isebenzisa ishubhu elincane elinelensi ekhanyisiwe noma ikhamera encane ukuze ihlole ingaphakathi lekhala. 
• Ama-CT scan angaveza usayizi wama-polyps ekujuleni kwezono futhi asize ekukhipheni ezinye izimbangela zokuvaleka kwamakhala. 
• Ukuhlolwa kokuhlaba kwesikhumba noma uphenyo lwegazi kungakhomba izinto ezingezwani nezifo ezidala ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo. 
• Odokotela bangase basikisele ukuhlolwa kokujuluka kwezingane ezinama-polyps akhala ukuze kuqinisekiswe i-cystic fibrosis, isimo sofuzo esithinta ukukhiqizwa kwamafinyila.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungase futhi kwenziwe ukuze kubhekwe izimo ezihlobene nama-polyps akhala, njengokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile noma izinkinga zesimiso sokuzivikela ezifweni. 

Ukwelashwa kwama-Nasal Polyps

Odokotela basebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene ngokuya ngembangela yokuvuvukala nokuvuvukala, okubandakanya:

• I-nasal steroids ngokuvamile iwumugqa wokuqala wokwelashwa kwe-polyps yamakhala. Lezi zifutho zisiza ukunciphisa ama-polyps futhi zidambise izimpawu. 
• Imithi ye-Biologic inikeza indlela eqondiwe yama-polyp wamakhala avelayo. Le mithi isebenza ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala ezingeni lamaselula. 
• Eminye imithi ingase isetshenziselwe ukubhekana nezimo ezikhona. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ama-antihistamine e-allergies kanye nama-antibiotics ezifweni. Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa kwe-aspirin deensitisation kungasiza iziguli ezinakho kokubili ama-polyps akhala kanye nesifuba somoya ezizwela i-aspirin.
• Uma imithi inganikezi ukukhululeka okwanele, ukuhlinzwa kwama-polyps ekhaleni kuba inketho. Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Endoscopic kuvumela odokotela abahlinzayo ukuthi basuse ama-polyps futhi balungise izinkinga ze-sinus besebenzisa izinsimbi ezincane ezifakwe emakhaleni. I-Balloon sinuplasty ingenye inketho encane engavula amaphaseji e-sinus avinjelwe.

Izingozi Ezibangelwa I-Nasal Polyps

Kunezici eziningana ezandisa amathuba okuthuthukisa ama-polyp wamakhala, njenge: 

• Asthma
• I-rhinitis yokungezwani
• Ukutheleleka kwe-sinus okungapheli 
• I-cystic fibrosis
• Abantu abane-hypersensitivity kwezinye izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) 
• Ukuba nomlando womndeni wama-polyp wamakhala 
• Ukuvuvukala okuhlala isikhathi eside emakhaleni noma ezonweni
• Ukushoda kwe- i-vitamin D ikhonjwe njengento engaba yingozi

Izinkinga ze-Nasal Polyps

Ama-polyps ekhala angaholela ezinkingeni eziningana, ezithinta impilo yokuphefumula kanye nokuphila kahle. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise:

• Enye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu ukuwohloka kwezimpawu ze-asthma. 

I-sinusitis engapheli, isimo esixhumene kakhulu nama-polyps akhala, ingabangela izifo eziqhubekayo ze-sinus. Lezi zifo eziqhubekayo zingaholela ezinkingeni ezingavamile kodwa ezimbi kakhulu:

• Ukutheleleka kwethambo (i-osteomyelitis) nokulahlekelwa kwamathambo
• Amathumba (amaphakethe okutheleleka) asakazekela ezisekelweni zamehlo nasebuchosheni
• I-Meningitis (ukutheleleka kwezingqimba ezizungeze ubuchopho nomgogodla)

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Izimpawu ezithile zidinga ukunakwa ngokushesha. Abantu kufanele bafune usizo oluphuthumayo uma behlangabezana:

• Izimpawu ezikhula ngokushesha
• Umbono kabili noma ezinye izinguquko zombono
• Ukuvuvukala kwesiphongo
• Ubuhlungu noma ukuvuvukala eduze kwamehlo
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu eliqhubeka nokuba namandla
• Ukuqina kwentamo

Prevention

Nakuba kungenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuvimbela ama-polyps akhala, abantu ngabanye bangathatha izinyathelo ezimbalwa zokunciphisa ubungozi babo, njengokuthi: 

• Ukulawula i-allergies kanye ne-asthma ngempumelelo kudlala indima ebalulekile. 
• Ukugwema izinto ezicasulayo ezingavuvukalisa amacici kubalulekile ngokufanayo. Lezi zihlanganisa intuthu kagwayi, intuthu yamakhemikhali nothuli. 
• Ukugcina imikhuba emihle yenhlanzeko kungawehlisa kakhulu amathuba okuthuthukisa ama-polyps akhala. 
• Ukusebenzisa i-humidifier ekhaya kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukugcwala kwamakhala nokucasuka. 
• Ama-rinses ekhala angasiza ekukhipheni izinto ezicasulayo emigudwini yamakhala. 

Isiphetho

Ama-polyps ekhala anomthelela omkhulu ezimpilweni zabantu abaningi, abangela ukungakhululeki kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula. Ukuqonda izimbangela zabo, izimpawu, kanye nokwelashwa okutholakalayo kubalulekile ekulawuleni lesi simo ngempumelelo. Kusukela ekungeneleleni kwezokwelapha kuya ekushintsheni kwendlela yokuphila, kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokubhekana nama-polyp wamakhala futhi uthuthukise impilo yonke yamakhala.

FAQ sika

1. Ingabe ama-polyps emakhaleni azozihambela wona?

Ama-polyps ekhala angase ashwabane ngokwemvelo futhi anyamalale ngaphandle kokwelashwa kwezinye izimo. Ezigulini eziningi, ama-polyps akhala awahambi ngokwawo futhi adinga ukungenelela kwezokwelapha. 

2. Ngingawasusa kanjani ama-polyp ekhala ngedwa?

Yize zingekho izindlela zokwelapha eziphephile noma ezifakazelwe ze-polyps zamakhala ekhaya, amanye amakhambi emvelo angasiza ekudambiseni izimpawu:

• Ukuchelela emakhaleni ngebhodwe lenethi
• Ukuhogela nge-steam
• Ukusebenzisa i-humidifier
• Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi
• Ukugcina ikhanda liphakeme ngesikhathi sokulala

3. Ingabe KULUNGILE ukususa ama-polyps akhala?

Ukukhipha ama-polyps emakhaleni kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngudokotela. Ukuzama ukuwaqeda noma ukuwasusa ekhaya kungabangela izinkinga ezifana nokulimala nokutheleleka. 

4. Ingabe ama-polyps asekhaleni angelapheka?

Nakuba ama-polyps akhala engelashwa ngempumelelo, alikho ikhambi elihlala njalo. Ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa okuphumelelayo noma ukuhlinzwa, ama-polyp angase aphinde avele. Ukuphatha isikhathi eside kuvame ukubandakanya ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kwe-nasal corticosteroids kanye nokunisela ngosawoti ukuvimbela ukuphindeka.

5. Ingabe ama-polyps angasuswa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa?

Imithi ngokuvamile ingashwabana ama-polyp ekhaleni ngaphandle kokudinga ukuhlinzwa kokususwa kwe-polyp emakhaleni. Izifutho ze-Corticosteroid nasal ziyindlela yokwelapha evamile, enciphisa ukuvuvukala nosayizi we-polyp. 

UDkt. Vijay Bansod

CARE Medical Team

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