I-osteoarthritis:

I-osteoarthritis yisimo esithinta izimpilo zezigidi, okwenza konke ukunyakaza kube yinselele futhi kuguqule imisebenzi evamile ibe izilingo ezinzima. Njengohlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesifo sokuqaqamba kwamalunga, ukuqonda ukuthi yini ebangela i-osteoarthritis, izimpawu zayo, nokuthi singelashwa kanjani kubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe izinga lempilo. Lesi sifo esiwohlokayo samalunga siguga kancane kancane uqwanga lwamalunga, okuholela ekutheni ubuhlungu, ukuqina, nokuvuvukala. Njengoba kunikezwe umthelela wako emisebenzini yansuku zonke, ukuthola ukwelashwa okusebenzayo kwe-osteoarthritis kanye nokuzibandakanya ekuzinakekeleni kwe-osteoarthritis kuyizinyathelo ezibalulekile zokulawula lesi simo.

Iyini I-Osteoarthritis?

I-Osteoarthritis (OA) yisifo esiwohlokayo samalunga lapho uqwanga oluvikelayo olubamba iziphetho zamathambo luwohloka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Iwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesifo samathambo, esithinta izigidi emhlabeni wonke, ikakhulukazi abantu abadala.

izinhlobo:

Okulandelayo yizinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-osteoarthritis: 
A. Primary Osteoarthritis: I-OA eyinhloko iwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesimo. Ikhula kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yokuguga nokudabuka kwamalunga kuyo yonke impilo yomuntu. 

B. I-Osteoarthritis yesibili: I-osteoarthritis yesibili yenzeka lapho ukulimala okucashile, ukuhlukumezeka, noma esinye isimo silimaza ngokuqondile ilunga, okuholela ekuqhekekeni kwe-cartilage. 

Izigaba ze-Osteoarthritis:

Uhlelo olusetshenziswa kakhulu ekuhlukaniseni izigaba ze-osteoarthritis yi-Kellgren kanye ne-Lawrence grading scale, esukela ku-Grade 0 (ayikho i-osteoarthritis) kuya ku-Grade 4 (i-osteoarthritis enzima).
Ibanga 0 (Okuvamile)
Ibanga 1 (Ngokungabaza)
Ibanga lesi-2 (elincane)
Ibanga lesi-3 (Okulingene) 
Ibanga lesi-4 (Linzima)
 

Izimpawu ze-Osteoarthritis:

Izimpawu ze-osteoarthritis zivame ukukhula kancane kancane futhi ziba zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu nezimpawu zihlanganisa:

• Ubuhlungu nokuqina kwelunga elithintekile
• ngesisa
• Ukulahlekelwa Ukuvumelana nezimo
• Umuzwa Wokugaya
• I-Bone Spurs noma izingcezu ezengeziwe zethambo eduze kwelunga elithintekile
• Ukuvuvuka
• Ukukhubazeka Kwamalunga

Izinkinga ze-Osteoarthritis:

Nakuba izimbangela eziqondile ze-osteoarthritis zingaziwa ngokugcwele, abacwaningi baye baveza izici eziningana ezinomthelela ezingandisa ingozi yokuthola lesi sifo, njenge:

• Iminyaka yobudala: Njengoba abantu bekhula, uqwanga olusemalungeni abo luyawohloka ngokwemvelo, okwenza kube lula ukulimala. 
• Ukukhuluphala: Ukuthwala isisindo somzimba eseqile kubeka ukucindezeleka okungadingekile emalungeni athwala isisindo (amadolo nezinqulu), kusheshisa ukuwohloka koqwanga. 
• Ukulimala Okuhlangene: Ukulimala okuhlangene, njengezinyembezi ze-ligament, ukuhlukaniswa, nokuphuka, kungandisa amathuba okuthuthukisa i-osteoarthritis kulelo lungu kamuva ekuphileni. 
• Ukusebenzisa ngokweqile Nokuphindaphinda Ukucindezeleka: Imisebenzi ethile noma imisebenzi ehilela ukunyakaza okuphindaphindayo noma ukucindezeleka ngokweqile ehlangene elithile kungandisa ithuba le-osteoarthritis. 
• I-Genetics: Abanye abantu bangase babe ne-genetic predisposition ekuthuthukiseni i-osteoarthritis
• Ukukhubazeka Okuhlangene: Ukungajwayelekile kokuzalwa noma ukuthuthukiswa kwesakhiwo esihlangene kungaholela esisindweni esingalungile nokusabalalisa ukucindezeleka ngaphakathi kokuhlangana, okwandisa ingozi ye-osteoarthritis ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Ezinye Izimo Zezokwelapha: Izimo ezithile zezokwelapha, njenge-rheumatoid arthritis, gout, noma ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic, zingandisa amathuba okuba ne-osteoarthritis yesibili ngenxa yomthelela wazo empilweni ehlangene kanye nobuqotho be-cartilage.

Itholakala Kanjani I-Osteoarthritis?

Ukuxilongwa kwe-osteoarthritis (OA) kuncike kakhulu ekubuyekezweni kwezimpawu kanye nokuhlolwa ngokomzimba:

• Ukuhlolwa Komzimba: Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, udokotela wakho uzohlola ilunga lakho elithintekile ukuze uthole isisa, ukuvuvukala, ububomvu, nokuguquguquka. Bahlaziya izinga lomonakalo ohlangene futhi bahlonze noma yiziphi izimbangela ezingase zibe yimbangela.
• I-X-ray: Ukulahlekelwa uqwanga phakathi kwamalunga kubonakala njengokuncipha kwesikhala phakathi kwamathambo, okubonisa i-osteoarthritis. I-X-ray ingaphinda ibonise ama-bone spurs angaba umphumela we-OA.
• I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): I-MRI ingasiza ekuboneni umonakalo woqwanga nezinyembezi zezicubu ezithambile ezingase zithinte ukuqina kwamalunga futhi zibe nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-OA.
• I-Ultrasound: I-Ultrasound, noma i-sonography, ingasiza ukubuka izinguquko ezincane ezicutshini ezihlangene, njengama-cysts, i-fluid buildup, i-cartilage thinning, i-bone spurs, noma ukuqina kwe-synovium.
• Ukuhlaziya Uketshezi Oluhlangene: Ukuhlaziya uketshezi oluhlangene kungasiza ekukhipheni ezinye izimo ezingaba khona, njenge-gout noma isifo.

Indlela Yokwelapha I-Osteoarthritis?

Izinketho ezihlukahlukene zokwelapha i-osteoarthritis ziyatholakala ukulawula izimpawu ze-osteoarthritis nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwamalunga. Indlela yokwelapha ijwayele ukuhlelwa ngokwezidingo zomuntu kanye nobukhulu besimo, okuhlanganisa:
Ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila:

• Ukuzivocavoca: Umsebenzi womzimba ovamile ongenamthelela ophansi ubalulekile ekugcineni ukuguquguquka kwamalunga, ukuqinisa imisipha ezungeze amalunga athintekile, nokunciphisa ubuhlungu. 
• Ukulawulwa Kwesisindo: Ukulahlekelwa amakhilogremu engeziwe kunganciphisa kakhulu ukucindezeleka emalungeni anesisindo (amadolo nezinqulu) futhi kunciphise ubuhlungu nokungakhululeki kubantu abakhuluphele.

Imithi:

• Isidambisi sobuhlungu esingaphezu kwe-counter sobuhlungu obuncane kuya kobumaphakathi be-osteoarthritis
• Kokubili ama-NSAID omlomo nama-topical angasiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala nokukhulula ubuhlungu. 
• Ukuphathwa kwemijovo ye-corticosteroid endaweni ethintekile kungadambisa izinhlungu nokuvuvukala okwesikhashana.

Ukwelashwa Komzimba Nokusebenza:

• I-Exercise Therapy: Umelaphi womzimba angakwazi ukuklama umsebenzi ogxile ekuthuthukiseni ukuguquguquka okuhlangene, amandla, nobubanzi bokunyakaza.
• I-Manual Therapy: Ukubhucunga, ukuhlanganisa ngokuhlanganyela, nokwelula kungasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kwamalunga.
• Amadivayisi Asizayo: Abelaphi basemsebenzini bangancoma izinto ezisizayo, njengezinduku, izihambi, noma izinsimbi, ukusiza ekudambiseni ukucindezeleka emalungeni athintekile futhi kuthuthukiswe ukuhamba.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha:

• I-Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS): Lokhu kwelashwa kuhlanganisa ukusebenzisa imisinga kagesi ene-voltage ephansi endaweni ethintekile, engasiza ekunciphiseni ukuqonda kobuhlungu.
• I-Viscosupplementation: Imijovo ye-hyaluronic acid ehlangeneni elithintekile ingahlinzeka ngokuthambisa kanye nokucushwa, okungase kunciphise ubuhlungu nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwamalunga.
• I-Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Therapy: Kulokhu kwelashwa, odokotela bajova inhlanganisela yama-platelet esiguli ejoyintini elithintekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuphulukiswa nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala.
• I-Cryoneurolysis: Le nqubo ehlasela kancane isebenzisa amakhaza amakhulu ukuze ivimbele ukuhamba kwezinzwa okwesikhashana, inikeze ukukhululeka kobuhlungu be-knee osteoarthritis.

Ukungenelela Kokuhlinzwa:
Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu lapho izindlela zokulondoloza zingaphumelelanga, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kungase kucatshangelwe:

• Ukuhlinzwa Kokubuyisela Ngokuhlanganyela (I-Arthroplasty): Le nqubo ihilela ukubuyisela ilunga elilimele ngejoyinti lokufakelwa lokufakelwa, ngokuvamile le-hip noma idolo.
• Osteotomy: Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuhilela ukulungisa kabusha amathambo azungeze ilunga elithintekile ukuze kwabiwe kabusha isisindo nengcindezi, okungenzeka kubambezele ukushintshwa kwamalunga.
• I-Arthrodesis (I-Joint Fusion): Ezimweni lapho ukuguqulwa kwamalunga kungafaneleki, i-arthrodesis ihilela ukuhlanganisa amathambo ahlangene ndawonye, ​​ukuqeda ukunyakaza kwamalunga nokunciphisa ubuhlungu.

Izinkinga ze-Osteoarthritis:

• Inkinga eyinhloko ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo obuhlangene nokuqina, okungaba nzima ngokwanele ukuvimbela imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Njengoba isimo siba sibi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abantu ngabanye bangase babe nobuhlungu obungapheli nokukhubazeka, okwenza imisebenzi elula ibe nzima.
• Ezigabeni ezithuthukisiwe ze-osteoarthritis, uqwanga kanye nokuwohloka kwamathambo kungaholela ekungaqini kahle kwamalunga nokukhubazeka. Lokhu kungabangela ubuhlungu obengeziwe, ukungakhululeki, kanye nemikhawulo yokusebenza. 
• Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-osteoarthritis ingabangela ukuncipha noma ukuklebhuka kwamathenda kanye nemigqa ezungeze ilunga elithintekile, okuholela ekungaqini kahle kwamalunga kanye nezinye izinkinga.
• Ukucindezeleka okuphindaphindiwe ekuhlanganyeleni okuthintekile kungaholela ekuqhekekeni kwezinwele emathanjeni, okubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlukana kokucindezeleka, okungabangela ubuhlungu obengeziwe nokungahambi kahle.
• I-osteoarthritis kwesinye isikhathi ingakha izigaxa ezithambile, ezigcwele uketshezi ngemuva kwedolo, ezaziwa ngokuthi Ama-cysts ka-Baker. 

Nini Ukubona Udokotela:

Ukwengeza, funa isiqondiso sezokwelapha uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo zokuthi i-OA yakho iba yimbi kakhulu:

• I-Bony spurs noma ama-bumps elungeni lakho
• Ukukhubazeka kwamalunga noma ukungahambi kahle
• Ukukhiya okuhlangene, ukubopha, noma ukungazinzi
• Ukuqhekeka, ukuphuma, noma imisindo yokugaya lapho uhambisa ilunga

Indlela Yokuvimbela I-Osteoarthritis?

Ukuguqulwa okuningana kwendlela yokuphila kungasiza ekunciphiseni amathuba okuba ne-osteoarthritis noma kubambezele ukuqhubeka kwayo:

• Ukugcina isisindo somzimba esinempilo 
• Ukuzivocavoca okunomthelela omncane njengokuhamba, ukubhukuda, noma ukugibela ibhayisikili 
• Hlola izindlela zokunciphisa ubunzima emalungeni akho
• Ukugcina isifo sikashukela singaphansi kokulawula nokulawula amazinga kashukela egazini 
• Gwema imisebenzi ecindezela ilunga elithintekile okungenani amahora angu-12 kuya kwangu-24. 
• Ukudla okunempilo, okunomsoco okunomsoco kungakhuthaza impilo yamalunga.

Ngokuthatha lezi zinyathelo zokuvimbela nokwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila, abantu ngabanye bangakwazi ukunciphisa ingozi yokuba ne-osteoarthritis noma babambezele ukuqhubeka kwayo, ekugcineni bathuthukise izinga labo lempilo.

I-Osteoarthritis vs I-Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA):

I-osteoarthritis yisifo esiwohlokayo samalunga esenzeka lapho uqwanga olubushelelezi oluzungeze ithambo luphela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokuvamile iqala ngokuhlanganyela okukodwa, njengamadolo, izinqulu, noma izandla. Ukuwohloka kwe-cartilage kuholela ekungqubuzaneni kwethambo, okubangela ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, nokunciphisa ukuhamba.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-RA iwukuphazamiseka kwe-autoimmune lapho isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni sihlasela ngephutha ulwelwesi lwe-synovial olulayini futhi luvikele amalunga. Ngokungafani ne-osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis ivame ukukhomba amalunga amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, okuholela ekubandakanyekeni kwamalunga okulinganisa (isb, isifo samathambo ezinqulwini zombili noma emadolweni).

Isiphetho:

Nakuba i-osteoarthritis iyisimo esiyinselele, abantu ngabanye bangathola ukukhululeka futhi balondoloze amazinga omsebenzi ngokukhetha ukwaziswa nokunakekelwa okungaguquki. Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo, ukuhlala usebenza, nokugwema ukulimala kwamalunga kuyizinyathelo ezibalulekile zokuvimbela. Ukuxilongwa kokuqala kwe-osteoarthritis kanye nokuphathwa okuqinile kubalulekile ekubambezeleni ukuqhubeka kwesifo kanye nokugcina ukusebenza kwamalunga.

Ama-FAQ:

1) I-osteoarthritis ivame ukuqala eminyakeni emingaki?

Izimpendulo: I-osteoarthritis ingakhula kunoma ibuphi ubudala kodwa ivame kakhulu njengoba abantu bekhula. 

2) Iyiphi into engcono kakhulu ongayenza nge-osteoarthritis?

Izimpendulo: Akukho ukwelashwa okukodwa okungcono kakhulu kwe-osteoarthritis, njengoba indlela yokuphatha incike ebucayi besimo nezici zomuntu ngamunye. Nokho, amanye amasu anconyiwe ahlanganisa:

• Ukuvivinya njalo 
• Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo 
• Imithi etholakala ngaphandle kwe-counter noma ama-topical creams okunciphisa ubuhlungu.
• Ukwelapha ngokomzimba isiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza okuhlangene nokuhamba.

3) Yini okungafanele uyenze nge-osteoarthritis?

Izimpendulo: Gwema ukuvivinya umzimba okunomthelela omkhulu noma imisebenzi, izikhathi ezinde zokungenzi lutho noma ukunganyakazi, isisindo esiningi, nokungaziba izinhlungu noma ukusunduza ezinhlungwini ezinzima zamalunga phakathi nemisebenzi.

4) Ingabe i-osteoarthritis iyelapheka?

Impendulo: Cha, i-osteoarthritis ayisona isimo eselaphekayo. Kodwa-ke, ukwelapha okuhlukahlukene kanye nokuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila kunganciphisa ukuthuthuka kwezifo futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kwamalungu kanye nezinga lempilo.

5) Ingabe ukuhamba kuhle ku-osteoarthritis?

Impendulo: Ukuhamba kuwumsebenzi womzimba ongenamthelela omncane. Iqinisa imisipha ezungeze amalunga amadolo, ithuthukise ukuguquguquka kwamalunga, futhi inciphise ubuhlungu nokuqina. 
 

CARE Medical Team

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