I-Paronychia 

Isikhumba esibuhlungu, esivuvukele esizungeze uzipho noma uzipho luthinta izigidi minyaka yonke. Lesi simo, esaziwa ngokuthi i-paronychia (ukutheleleka kwezinzipho), senzeka lapho amagciwane noma isikhunta singena esicutshini esithambile esizungeze uzipho, okuholela ekuvuvukeni nasekuphatheni kabi. Nakuba noma ubani engase abe ne-paronychia, imikhuba ethile efana nokugeza izandla njalo, ukuluma izinzipho, noma ukwenza izinzipho ingandisa ingozi. Lesi sihloko esibanzi sihlola izimbangela, izimpawu, kanye nezinketho zokwelapha ze-paronychia, kanye namasu okuvimbela asebenzayo okusiza ukuvikela impilo yezinzipho. 

Iyini I-Paronychia (Ukutheleleka Ngezinzipho)? 

I-Paronychia yisifo esivamile sezicubu ezithambile ezikhula esikhumbeni esizungeze izinzipho noma izinzipho. Lesi simo senzeka lapho umgoqo wokuvikela phakathi kwezinzipho nokugoqeka kwezinzipho ubhidlika, okuvumela izinto eziphilayo eziyingozi ukuba zingene ezicubu ezibucayi. 

Ukutheleleka kuthinta izindawo ezizungeze uzipho, okuhlanganisa: 

• I-cuticle (isikhumba esingaphansi kwezipikili) 
• Izinzipho ezigoqekayo (isikhumba ezinhlangothini zezinzipho) 
• I-proximal nail fold (lapho kuhlangana khona isikhumba nozipho) 

I-Paronychia ihlasela abesifazane kakhulu kunabesilisa, ngesilinganiso sowesifazane nowesilisa esingu-3:1. Abesifazane abaneminyaka ephakathi nendawo babhekene nengozi enkulu kakhulu, ikakhulukazi labo abamisebenzi yabo ibandakanya ukuchayeka njalo izandla emanzini noma kumakhemikhali. 

Izinhlobo zeParonychia 

Odokotela bahlukanisa i-paronychia ngezinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene ngokusekelwe ubude nohlobo lokutheleleka. 

• I-Acute Paronychia: Lolu hlobo lukhula ngokushesha, ngokuvamile luhlala isikhathi esingaphansi kwamasonto ayisithupha. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngemva kokulimala okuqondile kuzipho noma izicubu ezizungezile, njengokuzilungisa ngendlela enolaka noma ukulunywa izinzipho. Isizathu esiyinhloko ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, kanti i-Staphylococcus aureus iyigciwane elivame kakhulu. 
• I-Paronychia Engapheli: Leli fomu likhula kancane kancane futhi liqhubeke amasonto ayisithupha noma ngaphezulu. Imele isimo esiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu esihlanganisa izici eziningi nezinto eziphilayo. Abantu abavame ukubeka izandla zabo emanzini, kumakhemikhali, noma izinto ezicasulayo babhekana nengozi enkulu yokuba ne-paronychia engapheli. I-fungus Candida albicans ngokuvamile ibangela izimo ezingapheli. 

Izici ezibalulekile zazo zombili izinhlobo zihlanganisa: 

• I-paronychia eyingozi: 
  • Ukuqala ngokushesha 
  • Ngokuvamile kuthinta isipikili esisodwa 
  • Ngokuvamile kuvela ekuhlukumezekeni okubonakalayo 
  • Ngokuyinhloko i-bacteria emvelweni 
• I-paronychia engapheli: 
  • Ukuthuthukiswa kancane 
  • Ingase ithinte izinzipho eziningi 
  • Kuxhunyaniswe nokuchayeka kwemvelo okuphindaphindiwe 
  • Ngokuvamile kuhilela kokubili ama-fungal kanye nama-bacterial organisms 

Izimpawu zeParonychia 

Izimpawu zokuqala zihlanganisa: 

• Ubuhlungu nobumnene: Indawo ethintekile iba nomuzwa wokuthintwa nokucindezela 
• Ukuvuvuka: Isikhumba esizungeze uzipho sibonakala sikhukhumele futhi sivuvukele 
• Ububomvu: Indawo ethintekile iba bomvu ngokuphawulekayo futhi ifudumale 
• Ukwakheka kobovu: Ithumba elimhlophe ukuya kophuzi lingavela ngaphansi kwesikhumba 
• Ukushintsha kwezinzipho: The nail ingabonisa: 
  • Amaphethini okukhula okungavamile 
  • Ukushintsha umbala ophuzi noma oluhlaza 
  • Ukwehlukana nombhede wezinzipho 
  • Amagagasi noma amagagasi angajwayelekile 
  • Ukuthungwa okomile nokuphukayo 
• Amacala Anzima: Uma ukutheleleka kubhebhetheka, iziguli zingase zibe nezimpawu ezengeziwe ezifana nemfiva, ukugodola, nemifambo ebomvu esikhumbeni.

Izingozi Nezimbangela Ze-Paronychia 

Kunezici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ezinomthelela ekwakhiweni kwe-paronychia: 

• Izingozi Zomsebenzi: 
  • Ukuchayeka kaningi ngesandla emanzini (imishini yokugeza izitsha, ama-bartenders) 
  • Ukuthintana njalo namakhemikhali noma izinto ezicasulayo 
  • Imisebenzi edinga ukuhlukumezeka kwezandla okuphindaphindiwe 
• Imikhuba Yomuntu Siqu: 
  • I-manicuring enamandla noma i-pedicuring 
  • Ukuluma izinzipho noma ukumunca umunwe 
  • Ukukhetha kuma-hangnails 
  • Ukugeza izandla ngokweqile 
• Izimo Zezokwelapha: 
  • Diabetes 
  • ukutheleleka nge-HIV 
  • Izinhlobo ezahlukene zomdlavuza 
  • Kuxutshwe izivikeli mzimba 
• Imithi: 
  • Ama-retinoids, izidakamizwa ezilwa nomdlavuza, neminye imishanguzo ye-HIV iphakamisa ingozi yokutheleleka. 

Izinkinga zeParonychia 

Lesi simo singaholela ezinkingeni ezimbalwa ezibalulekile: 

• Ukukhubazeka Kwezinzipho: 
  • Amapuleti ezinzipho ajiyile futhi ashintshe umbala 
  • Aphimisele amareji avundlayo 
  • Amaphethini okukhula okungavamile 
  • Ukuhlukaniswa okuphelele kwezipikili nokulahlekelwa 
• Amagciwane Aqhubekayo: 
  • Ukubandakanyeka kwezicubu ezijulile 
  • Ukutheleleka kwethambo (i-osteomyelitis) 
  • Ukuvuvukala kwetendon 
  • Ukutheleleka ngesistimu ngokujikeleza kwegazi 

Sifo 

• Ukuhlolwa Komzimba: Odokotela ngokuvamile bahlonza indawo yezinzipho ethintekile ngokuhlola ngokucophelela ukugoqa kwezinzipho nokuhlola ukuthamba nokuvuvukala. 
• Ukuhlolwa Kwaselabhorethri: 
  • Ukuhlaziywa kwesampula ye-Pus ukuze kutholakale amagciwane athile 
  • I-Gram staining ukucacisa uhlobo lwebhaktheriya 
  • I-KOH (i-potassium hydroxide) i-smear ukuze kutholwe izifo zesikhunta 

Ukwelashwa 

Indlela yokwelapha i-paronychia ilandela ukuqhubeka okuhlelekile: 

• Ukuphathwa Kwe-Conservative: 
  • Amanzi afudumele acwiliswa (cishe imizuzu engu-15 izikhathi ezingu-3-4 ngosuku)
  • Okudambisa izinhlungu ngaphandle kwe-counter 
  • Ukugcina indawo ethintekile yomile futhi ihlanzekile 
• I-Paronychia Ukwelashwa Okusekelwe Emithi: 
  • Ama-antibiotics we-topical ane-corticosteroids noma ngaphandle kwayo 
  • Oral kwemithi elwa namagciwane ngezifo ezinzima zebhaktheriya 
  • Imithi ye-Antifungal yamacala angapheli 
• Ukungenelela Ngokuhlinzwa: 
  • Ukukhipha ubomvu obunqwabelene 
  • Ukususwa kwengxenye ye-nail ethintekile 
  • I-Marsupialization yamacala angapheli 

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela 

Ukungenelela kwezokwelapha ngokushesha kuyadingeka uma kuvela noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu eziyisixwayiso: 

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu obuphazamisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke 
• Fever or amakhaza okuhambisana nokutheleleka 
• Imigqa ebomvu esuka endaweni ethelelekile 
• Ukwakheka kwethumba eligcwele ubomvu 
• Ubuhlungu obuhlangene noma bemisipha endaweni ethintekile 
• Izimpawu eziqhubekayo noma ezimbi kakhulu naphezu kokwelashwa 

Amakhambi Asekhaya E-Paronychia 

Isisekelo sokwelashwa kwe-paronychia ekhaya yindlela yokucwilisa amanzi afudumele. Umuntu ngamunye kufanele agcwalise indishi noma umcengezi ngamanzi afudumele (angashisi kakhulu) bese wengeza izipuni ezimbili zikasawoti noma isixazululo saline. Umunwe noma uzwane oluthintekile kufanele lucwiliswe imizuzu engu-20, izikhathi ezintathu kuya kwezine nsuku zonke. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi kufanele likhululeke kodwa lingashisi ngokwanele ukuze libangele ukungakhululeki. 

Izinyathelo ezibalulekile zokwelashwa kwe-paronychia ekhaya zifaka: 

• Yomisa kahle indawo ethintekile ngemva kokucwilisa ngakunye 
• Faka ungqimba oluhle lwe-petroleum jelly ukuvikela isikhumba esiphukile 
• Mboza ngebhandeshi elihlanzekile uma usebenza ngezandla 
• Gcina indawo yomile phakathi kweseshini yokucwiliswa emanzini 
• Gwema ukusebenzisa amakhemikhali ayingozi njengotshwala noma i-hydrogen peroxide 

Prevention 

Ukuvimbela izifo zezinzipho kudinga ukunakwa okungaguquki ekunakekelweni kwezinzipho nokuvikelwa kwezicubu ezizungezile. Imihlahlandlela yokuvikela ebalulekile yilena: 

• Gcina izinzipho zisikiwe futhi zibushelelezi usebenzisa amathuluzi e-manicure abukhali 
• Gwema ukusika izinzipho ezimfushane kakhulu noma ukuphungula ama-cuticles 
• Gqoka amagilavu ​​okuzivikela ngamalayini kakotini lapho usebenza ngamanzi 
• Gcina ukuhlanzeka okufanele kwezandla ngaphandle kokugeza ngokweqile 
• Sebenzisa izinsipho ezithambile ezingacasuli isikhumba 
• Gcoba okokuthambisa ngemva kokugeza izandla 
• Shintsha amasokisi nsuku zonke futhi ushintshe izicathulo ukuze uvimbele ukunqwabelana komswakama 

Isiphetho 

I-Paronychia isalokhu iyisifo esivamile kodwa esilawulekayo sezinzipho lapho sibanjwa kusenesikhathi futhi selashwa ngendlela efanele. Ukuqonda izimbangela, izimpawu, nezinketho zokwelapha ze-paronychia kusiza abantu ukuthi banakekele kangcono impilo yabo yezinzipho. Ukuqapha njalo, imikhuba efanele yenhlanzeko, kanye nosizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha lapho kudingeka kuqinisekisa ukuphathwa ngempumelelo kwalesi simo esivamile. 

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa 

1. Ivame kangakanani i-paronychia? 

I-Paronychia imele ukutheleleka kwezandla okuvame kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, okuthinta abantu banoma iyiphi iminyaka futhi ibalwa ku-35% wazo zonke izifo zezandla. Lesi simo sithinta abesifazane ngokuphindwe kathathu kunabesilisa, abesifazane abaseminyakeni ephakathi babhekene nobungozi obukhulu, ikakhulukazi labo abasebenza ezindaweni ezimanzi. 

2. Ingabe i-paronychia ingaziphilisa ngokwayo? 

Amacala athambile we-paronychia angakwazi ukuzixazulula ngokwawo ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokunaka. Nokho, inqubo yokwelapha idinga: 

• Ukugcina indawo ethintekile ihlanzekile futhi yomile 
• Ukugwema okunye ukuhlukumezeka esiziphongweni 
• Ukuvikela uzipho ekuchayekeni amakhemikhali 

3. Ingabe i-paronychia iyelapheka ekhaya? 

Izimo eziningi ezithambile zisabela kahle ekwelashweni kwasekhaya. Amanzi afudumele acwiliswa imizuzu engu-15, eyenziwa izikhathi ezingu-3-4 nsuku zonke, ngokuvamile afakazela ukuthi ayasebenza ezifweni ezisanda kuzalwa. Kodwa-ke, ukunakekelwa kochwepheshe kuyadingeka uma izimpawu ziqhubeka ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ziba zimbi kakhulu. 

4. I-paronychia ihlala izinsuku ezingaki? 

Ubude besikhathi buyahlukahluka futhi buncike ohlotsheni nobukhulu besifo. Izimo ezibucayi ngokuvamile zixazulula phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa ngokwelashwa okufanele, kuyilapho i-paronychia engapheli ingase iqhubeke amasonto ambalwa noma izinyanga. Ukubambelela ekwelashweni nokugwema izinto ezicasulayo kusithinta kakhulu isikhathi sokululama.

UDkt. Shradhha Mahalle

CARE Medical Team

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