Plantar Fasciitis

I-Plantar fasciitis ivela lapho i-plantar fascia, ibhande eliqinile, eline-fibrous lezicubu ezigijima ukusuka esithendeni kuya ebholeni lonyawo, livutha. Lesi simo simi njengembangela evame kakhulu yobuhlungu bezithende, obuthinta izigidi zabantu ngonyaka.

I-plantar fascia isebenza njengengxenye ebalulekile kumakhenika onyawo, efana nebhande lenjoloba eliwugqinsi ngokuqina kwayo. Lesi sicubu esiphawulekayo sixhuma amathambo onyawo, senze i-arch ngaphansi kuyilapho sinikeza ukumuncwa okubalulekile okushaqisayo ngesikhathi sokunyakaza. I-fascia ihlanganisa izingxenye ezintathu ezihlukene ezivela ku-calcaneus (ithambo lesithende), elisebenza ndawonye ukuze kugcinwe i-biomechanics yezinyawo ezivamile.

Naphezu kwegama layo eliphakamisa ukuvuvukala (isijobelelo se-itis), i-plantar fasciitis ihilela ukucasuka okuwohlokayo endaweni yemvelaphi ye-plantar fascia, ikakhulukazi ku-calcaneal tuberosity ephakathi kwesithende kanye nezakhiwo ezizungezile ze-perifascial.

Izimpawu ze-Plantar Fasciitis

Ubuhlungu buyinkomba eyinhloko ye-plantar fasciitis, ebonakala ngamaphethini ahlukene usuku lonke. Ukungakhululeki okukhulu kakhulu kuvamise ukuthi kwenzeke lapho uthatha izinyathelo zokuqala ngemva kokuvuka ekuseni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lobu buhlungu basekuseni obuvamile, obuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "ubuhlungu besinyathelo sokuqala," ngokuvamile buyancipha phakathi kwemizuzu emi-5 kuya kweyi-10 yokunyakaza.

Ubuhlungu obuhlobene ne-plantar fasciitis buziveza ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene:

• Ubuhlungu obungapheli, obungapheli onyaweni oluthintekile
• Ukuzwa okubukhali noma okuhlabayo, ikakhulukazi lapho ucindezela
• Ukwanda kokungakhululeki ngemva kwezikhathi zokungasebenzi
• Ubuhlungu oba ngcono okwesikhashana ngokuzivocavoca kodwa bubi nakakhulu ngemva kwalokho

Indawo yokungakhululeki ngokuyinhloko igxile endaweni yesithende, idlulele phansi konyawo. Abantu ngabanye bangase bazwe ubuhlungu obunamandla obunamandla ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, njengokuhamba bengafake zicathulo noma ukugqoka izicathulo ezinokwesekwa okuncane.

Ngaphandle kobuhlungu, izimpawu ezengeziwe ezengeziwe zihambisana ne-plantar fasciitis. 

• Indawo ethintekile ivame ukubonisa ukuqina, ikakhulukazi esifundeni sezithende. 
• Abantu abaningi babona ukuvuvukala esithendeni sabo kanye nokucinana kwethenda ye-Achilles. 
• Kwabanye abantu, ubuhlungu bukhula kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi; Nokho, ukuqala kungase kube ngokuzumayo kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi kulandela izehlakalo ezifana nokulahlekelwa isinyathelo noma ukuwela phansi ngamandla usuka endaweni ephakeme.
• Ngemva kwezikhathi zokuphumula noma ukuhlala, ukuma ngokuvamile kubangela ukungakhululeki okwandisiwe. Ukuzivivinya umzimba kuveza indida ethakazelisayo - ukunyakaza okumaphakathi kungase kudambise izinhlungu okwesikhashana, kodwa umsebenzi othatha isikhathi eside noma onamandla uvame ukwandisa izimpawu.

I-Plantar Fasciitis Izimbangela

Kunezici eziningana ezingabangela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-plantar fasciitis. Ucwaningo lwezokwelapha lukhomba izici ezintathu eziyinhloko eziyingozi: 

• Ukunciphisa ukuguquguquka kweqakala
• Isisindo somzimba eseqile
• Ukuma isikhathi eside

Lesi simo sivame ukuvela ekucindezelekeni okuphindaphindiwe, okubangela izinyembezi ezincane ku-plantar fascia. Izinto ezivamile ezinomthelela zihlanganisa:

• Izinkinga zesakhiwo sezinyawo:
  • Izinyawo eziphezulu ze-arch
  • Izinyawo eziyisicaba
  • Ukuphimisela ngokweqile noma ukukhohliswa
• Izinto ezihlobene nomsebenzi:
  • Ukubamba iqhaza kwezemidlalo
  • Zivocavoce ngaphandle kokuzifudumeza okufanele
  • Ukusebenza ezindaweni eziqinile
  • Ukwenyuka okungazelelwe kwamazinga omsebenzi
• Izinketho zezicathulo:
  • Ukusekelwa kwezinyawo okunganele
  • Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwama-flip-flops
  • Ukuhamba ngezicathulo njalo
• Izici ze-Biomechanical: 
  • Ukuqina ku-gastrocnemius kanye nemisipha ye-soleus 
  • I-Pes planus inyusa ukungezwani emsuka we-plantar fascia
  • I-Pes cavus yehlisa umthamo wemvelo wonyawo wokumunca ukushaqeka.

Izinkinga ze-Plantar Fasciitis

I-plantar fasciitis engalashwa iholela ezinkingeni ezihlukahlukene ezithinta ukuphila kwansuku zonke. 

Izinyembezi ezincane ziqoqa kancane kancane, zenze buthaka amandla nokuzinza kwe-ligament. Kamuva, lezi zinyembezi ziphindaphindeka ngobukhulu nenombolo, okwenza i-plantar fascia ibe sengozini yokuqhekeka.

Ukugqabuka kwe-plantar kumelela inkinga enzima, ephawulwa umsindo ogqamile ophumayo ohambisana nobuhlungu obukhulu, imihuzuko, nokuvuvukala onyaweni. 

I-Heel spurs ikhula njengenye inkinga ebalulekile. Umzimba usabela ku-plantar fasciitis engelashiwe ngokufaka i-calcium eduze kwekhothamo lonyawo. Lezi zinhlamvu ze-calcium zakha ama-protrusions abukhali acindezela izicubu ezinamafutha esithendeni, okuholela ebuhlungu obukhulayo esinyathelweni ngasinye.

I-Plantar fibromatosis iyinkimbinkimbi ehlukile ebonakala ngamaqhuqhuva angama-benign akhula eduze kwe-plantar fascia. 

Izinkinga zesikhathi eside zidlulela ngaphesheya konyawo, ezithinta ukuhamba okuphelele. I-plantar fasciitis engalashwa ishintsha amaphethini okuhamba njengabantu ngabanye ngokungazi balungise ukuhamba kwabo ukuze banciphise ubuhlungu. Lesi sinxephezelo siholela kokuthi:

• Ubuhlungu kulo lonke iketango le-kinetic
• Ukungaphatheki kahle kweqakala
• Izinkinga zamadolo
• Izinkinga ze-Hip
• Izinkinga ezingezansi

Ukuxilongwa kwe-Plantar Fasciitis

Odokotela bahlola unyawo ngokucindezela kancane ukuze babone izindawo zamathenda. Uphawu olutshela kakhulu luvela lapho ucindezela indawo ye-plantar calcaneal emaphakathi, ngokuvamile evusa umuzwa obukhali, ohlabayo. Kuso sonke isikhathi sokuhlolwa, odokotela babheka amaphethini okuhamba, njengoba abantu bengase bathole indawo elinganayo ukuze bagweme ukucindezela kwesithende.

Inqubo yokuxilonga ibandakanya izivivinyo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:

• Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Windlass: Odokotela benza i-passive dorsiflexion yejoyinti lokuqala le-metatarsophalangeal. Umphumela omuhle uyenzeka uma lokhu kunyakaza kuveza ubuhlungu ku-fascia plantar.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Ankle Flexibility: Odokotela bahlola i-ankle dorsiflexion elinganiselwe, evame ukuxhunyaniswa ne-tendon ye-Achilles eqinile.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwesakhiwo Sonyawo: Ukuhlola kuhlanganisa ukuhlola izinyawo eziyisicaba, amakhothamo aphakeme, noma umehluko wobude bomlenze ongase ube nomthelela kulesi simo.

Ukwelashwa kwePlantar Fasciitis

Izindlela zokwelapha ezilondolozayo zakha isisekelo sokuphathwa kwe-plantar fasciitis. 

• Ukugcoba indawo ethintekile imizuzu engu-10-15 kabili ngosuku kusiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala. 
• Ibhodlela lamanzi eliqandisiwe eligoqwe ngethawula elincanyana lisebenza njengethuluzi elisebenzayo lokubhucunga iqhwa ngaphansi konyawo.
• Ukuphumula kufakazela ukuthi kubalulekile enqubweni yokuphulukisa. Ukuthatha ikhefu emisebenzini eyenza izimpawu zibe zimbi kakhulu kuvumela i-plantar fascia ukuthi ilulame. 
• Ama-NSAID angaphezu kwe-counter alawula ngempumelelo ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala.
• Ukwelapha ngokomzimba liyingxenye ebalulekile yokwelashwa. 
  • Yelula i-plantar fascia kanye ne-Achilles tendon
  • Qinisa imisipha yemilenze engezansi
  • Sebenzisa amasu okuthinta kwezemidlalo
  • Fundisa izindlela ezifanele zokubhucunga
• Izicathulo ezisekelayo zidlala indima ebalulekile ekululameni. Izintambo zasebusuku zinikeza isisombululo esisebenzayo ngokugcina i-plantar fascia & ne-Achilles tendon isesimweni esinde ngobusuku bonke. 
• Ezimweni eziqhubekayo, odokotela bangancoma:
  • Imijovo ye-Corticosteroid yokunciphisa ubuhlungu besikhashana
  • Ukwelashwa kwe-plasma ecebile nge-Platelet ukukhuthaza ukuphulukiswa kwezicubu
  • Ukwelashwa kwe-extracorporeal shock wave kubonisa imiphumela ethembisayo ekwehliseni ubuhlungu besithende
• Ukuhlinzwa kuseyisidingo esingavamile, kubekelwe kuphela izimo ezinzima ezingaphenduli kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Izimpawu ezithile eziyisixwayiso zidinga ukubonisana nodokotela ngokushesha:

• Ubuhlungu obudlula endaweni yesithende
• Ukwanda okungaguquguquki kokungakhululeki ngemva kwezikhathi zokuphumula
• Ubuhlungu bezinyawo obungapheli, obungapheli

Isiphetho

I-Plantar fasciitis isalokhu iyisimo eselaphekayo uma siphathwa kusenesikhathi. Iziguli eziningi zithola ukululama okuphelele ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokwelapha ezilula ezifana nokuphumula, iqhwa, nezicathulo ezifanele. Nakuba inqubo yokuphulukisa idinga isineke, ukunamathela ngokuzinikela ezinhlelweni zokwelashwa kuholela emiphumeleni emihle.

Ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukuvimbela kudlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni i-plantar fasciitis. Ukushintsha indlela yokuphila elula njengokugcina isisindo esinempilo, ukugqoka izicathulo ezisekelayo, nokuzivocavoca okufanele kwesimiso sokufudumala kusiza ukunciphisa ingozi yokuba nalesi simo. Ukwelula unyawo okuvamile nokuzivocavoca kuqinisa i-plantar fascia, kuyenze ikwazi ukumelana nokucindezeleka kwansuku zonke.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe i-plantar fasciitis ibucayi?

I-Plantar fasciitis ayivamisile ukudinga ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa. Iziguli eziningi zilulama ngokuphelele phakathi nezinyanga eziyisi-6-18 ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezingahlinzwa. 

2. Iyini imbangela ehamba phambili ye-plantar fasciitis?

Ukusebenzisa ngokweqile kuyimbangela eyinhloko ye-plantar fasciitis. Imisebenzi ethile yandisa ubungozi kakhulu:

• Ukuma usuku lonke emsebenzini 
• Ukuba ne-BMI engaphezu kuka-30 kg/m² 
• Ukuguquguquka kweqakala okulinganiselwe 

3. Iliphi ikhambi elisheshayo le-plantar fasciitis?

Usizo olusheshayo lubandakanya izindlela eziningi ezisebenza ndawonye:

• Ukuphumula kanye nokwelashwa kweqhwa
• Ukuzivocavoca umzimba nsuku zonke
• Izicathulo ezisekelayo
• Ukufaka okusekela i-arch
• Imithi elwa nokuvuvukala
• Izikhathi zokwelapha ngokomzimba

4. Yikuphi ukudla okufanele ngikugweme nge-plantar fasciitis?

Ukudla kuthonya amazinga okuvuvukala ku-plantar fasciitis. Ukudla okufanele ukugweme kufaka:

• Izinto ezicutshungulwe kakhulu
• Ama-carbohydrate acwengekile (isinkwa esimhlophe, i-pasta)
• Ukudla okuthosiwe
• Imikhiqizo yobisi enamafutha amaningi
• inyama ebomvu
• Iziphuzo ezinoshukela
• Amafutha e-Trans (i-margarine, ukunciphisa)

5. Iliphi ikhambi lemvelo elingcono kakhulu lobuhlungu be-plantar fasciitis?

Amakhambi emvelo anikeza izinketho ezisebenzayo zokusiza:

• I-lavender i-massage yamafutha abalulekile (ehlanjululwe ngamafutha okuphatha)
• Ukwelula kwezinyawo okuvamile
• Ukuzivocavoca kwebhola legalofu
• Izicelo zephakethe leqhwa (imizuzu eyi-15-20, izikhathi ezi-3-4 ngosuku)
• Ukulawulwa kwesisindo ngokudla okunomsoco

UDkt. Chaitanya Challa

I-MBBS, MD (Imithi Yangaphakathi), PDCC (Ukunakekelwa Okubalulekile), i-FCCS (Ukunakekelwa Okubalulekile), iDiploma ku-Endocrinology kanye nesifo sikashukela
CARE Hospitals Outpatient Centre, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad

Ukuze Ubhukhe Isikhathi, shayela:

+ 91 40-68106529

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