Izilonda Zesikhumba

Izilonda zesikhumba amanxeba avulekile emzimbeni angabangela ukungakhululeki nokukhathazeka. Lezi zilonda eziphikelelayo zithinta izigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke, okwenza kube semqoka ukuqonda imvelo nokuphathwa kwazo. Izilonda zesikhumba emzimbeni zingahluka ngobukhulu, ukujula, kanye nobukhulu, kuthinte izinga lempilo yomuntu kanye nempilo iyonke.

Ake sihlole izinhlobo ezahlukene zezilonda zesikhumba, izimbangela zazo, kanye nezindlela ezisebenzayo zokuzihlonza nokuzilawula. 

Ziyini Izilonda Zesikhumba?

Izilonda zesikhumba izilonda ezivulekile emzimbeni ezibangelwa ukungahambi kahle kwegazi. Lezi zilonda ezibeleselayo zingavela ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zomzimba, kuhlanganise emilenzeni, ezinqulwini, ezinyaweni, ezinqeni nasemhlane. Zivame ukukhula lapho ukulimala okuncane kuhluleka ukuphola ngendlela efanele ngenxa yokugeleza kwegazi okwanele. Izilonda zesikhumba ngokuvamile zibukeka njengezilonda eziyindilinga, ezivulekile ezinemingcele yangaphandle ephakanyisiwe futhi ewugqinsi. Indawo ethintekile ingase ibonise ukushintsha kombala njengoba yakha, ibonakale ibomvu futhi ifudumele noma icwebezela futhi iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esikhumbeni esimnyama. Njengoba isimo siba sibi kakhulu, isilonda sithatha ukubukeka njenge-crater futhi singakhala uketshezi olucacile noma igazi. Izilonda zesikhumba zingahluka ngobukhulu futhi zingase zithathe isikhathi eside ukuphola, okungase kuholele ezinkingeni uma zingelashwa.

Izinhlobo Zezilonda Zesikhumba

Izilonda zesikhumba emzimbeni zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko, ngasinye sinezimbangela nezimpawu ezihlukile. Okulandelayo yizinhlobo ezahlukene zezilonda zesikhumba:

• Izilonda ze-Decubitus: Ezaziwa nangokuthi izilonda zokucindezela, zikhula ngenxa yengcindezi eqhubekayo ezindaweni ezithile, ngokuvamile ezithinta izifunda zamathambo njengomhlane, okhalweni, nezithende. 
• Izilonda ze-Venus: Lezi ziwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwezilonda zesikhumba, ezibangelwa ukungahambi kahle kwegazi emithanjeni yomlenze, futhi ngokuvamile zenzeka phakathi kwedolo neqakala. 
• Izilonda Zesikhumba Ze-Arterial: Izilonda ze-Ischemic noma ze-arterial zikhula ngenxa yemithambo evinjiwe kanye nokugeleza kwegazi okwanele, okuvame ukuvela emlenzeni ophansi, ezinyaweni nasezinzwaneni. 
• Izilonda zesikhumba ze-Neuropathic: Lezi zilonda zesikhumba zivame ukuhlotshaniswa nesifo sikashukela, zivela umonakalo wezinzwa, futhi ngokuvamile kuthinta amaphuzu okucindezela ezinyaweni.

Izimbangela Zezilonda Zesikhumba

Izilonda zesikhumba emzimbeni ngokuyinhloko zibangelwa ukungahambi kahle kwegazi. Uma ukugeleza kwegazi kunganele, ukulimala okuncane kuyehluleka ukuphola ngendlela efanele, okuholela ezilonda ezivulekile. Ziningana izici ezinomthelela kulesi simo, njenge: 

• Diabetes kungabangela ukulimala kwezinzwa, ukunciphisa ukuzwa ezinyaweni nasemilenzeni futhi kwenze ukulimala kungabonakali. Ukugcwala kukashukela egazini kungase kubambezele ukuphola kwesilonda.
• I-Atherossteosis inciphisa imithambo, inciphise ukutholakala kwegazi ezicutshini. Uma ingxenye yomzimba ingatholi igazi elanele, izicubu zesikhumba ziyaphuka futhi kubangele izilonda esikhumbeni.
• Ukucindezela isikhathi eside endaweni eyodwa kucindezela imithambo yegazi, kuvimbele ukujikeleza kwegazi futhi kubangele izilonda esikhumbeni.
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-venous, okuvame ukubangelwa imivimbo ye-varicose noma amahlule igazi, kuholela ekuhlanganeni kwegazi emithanjeni yomlenze, okubangela ukuvuvukala kanye nezilonda. Ukuqonda lezi zimbangela kubalulekile ekuhlonzeni ngempumelelo nasekulawuleni izinhlobo ezahlukene zezilonda zesikhumba.

Izimpawu Zezilonda Zesikhumba

Izilonda zesikhumba ngokuvamile zivela njengezilonda ezivulekile eziyindilinga emzimbeni. Okulandelayo ezinye zezimpawu ezivamile zezilonda zesikhumba:

• Umngcele wangaphandle walezi zilonda uvame ukubukeka uphakanyisiwe futhi uminyene
• Ukuguquguquka kwesikhumba endaweni ethintekile
• Sula uketshezi noma ukuphuma kwegazi 
• Ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba esizungeze izilonda
• ngesisa
• Ukuchithwa
• Ubuhlungu
• Izinguquko ekuthungeni kwesikhumba. 
• Uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka, ukuphuma kobomvu obuphuzi noma obuluhlaza
• Isikhumba esithintekile singase sibukeke sibomvu futhi sizizwe sifudumele, kuyilapho amathoni esikhumba amnyama angase abonakale ecwebezela noma abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. 

Izingozi Zezingozi

Kunezici eziningana ezandisa amathuba okuba nezilonda zesikhumba, njenge:

• Ukuhamba okulinganiselwe (ukulala embhedeni noma ukusebenzisa isihlalo sabakhubazekile) kubeka ingcindezi engapheli esikhumbeni. 
• Ukukhula kweminyaka yobudala kuhlotshaniswa ne-atherosclerosis kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-venous, okwenza abantu asebekhulile babe sengozini enkulu. 
• umfutho ophakeme wegazi kanye namazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol egazini angalimaza imithambo yegazi futhi aphazamise ukugeleza kwegazi. 
• Ukungondleki kahle kanye nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kungenza isikhumba sibe buthakathaka, kusenze sibe sengozini yokuthola isilonda.
• Ukukhuluphala kuphakamisa ingozi yesifo sikashukela futhi kwandisa ingcindezi emithanjeni yomlenze. 
• Umlando wamahlule egazi nawo ukhulisa amathuba okuba nezindaba zokugeleza kwegazi. 
• Ezinye izici eziyingozi zihlanganisa ukukhulelwa, okungase kubangele izinkinga zemithambo yemilenze, nokubhema ugwayi, okuqinisa imithambo. 

Izinkinga

Izilonda zesikhumba zingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu uma zishiywe zingalashwa, njenge: 

• I-Cellulitis, ukutheleleka kwamagciwane okuthinta izingqimba zesikhumba ezijulile kanye nezicubu ezithambile, kungabangela ukufudumala, ukuvuvukala, ukushintsha umbala yendawo ethintekile. 
• Ukutheleleka kwamathambo namalunga, njenge i-osteomyelitis, ingase ithuthuke. 
• Ezimweni ezingavamile, izilonda ezingapheli zingadlulela ku-squamous cell carcinoma, uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba. 
• Sepsis, inkinga esongela ukuphila, ingase yenzeke lapho izifo zisakazekela egazini. 
• Ezinye izinkinga ezingase zibe khona zihlanganisa ukulimala kwemisipha, imisipha, imisipha, kanye nokukhubazeka ngokomzimba unomphela. 
• I-Gangrene ingase ikhule ngenxa yokungatholakali kahle kwegazi, okungase kuholele ekufeni kwezicubu nokunqunywa kwezitho ezibucayi.

Sifo

Ukuhlola izilonda zesikhumba kuhilela ukuhlolwa okuphelele kukadokotela. Bahlola ukubukeka kwesilonda futhi babuyekeze umlando womuntu wezokwelapha kanye nezimpawu ukuze bathole imbangela eyinhloko. 

Ama-skin biopsies ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilonga okungacacile. Indlela ekhethwayo yi-biopsy ye-incision yomngcele wezilonda kanye nesikhumba esizungezile. Kungase kudingeke ama-biopsies amaningi ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ama-Punch biopsies, ngokuvamile angu-4 mm ububanzi, avame ukusetshenziswa ngemva komjovo wendawo yokubulala izinzwa. I-biopsy enkulu ingase ihlukaniselwe ukuhlolwa kwe-histological kanye ne-microbiological yezilonda ezithathelwanayo ezisolwayo. Ukuhlola okwengeziwe, njengokuhlolwa kwegazi nezindlela zokuthwebula izithombe, kusiza ukukhomba izimo ezihambisanayo kanye nezinketho zokwelashwa eziqondisayo.

Ukwelashwa Kwezilonda Zesikhumba

Ukulawulwa kwezilonda zesikhumba kuhilela indlela ehlukahlukene. 

• Ukungenelela kwezokwelapha ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa imithi ye-topical kanye nesistimu yokuphatha ubuhlungu, ukwelapha izifo, nokukhuthaza ukuphulukiswa. 
• Ukwelapha ngokucindezela ngokuvamile kusetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi ezilonda ze-venous. 
• Ukunakekelwa kwamanxeba kubalulekile, ngokunciphisa ukukhipha izicubu ezingaphili kanye nezingubo ezifanele ukuze kugcinwe ibhalansi yomswakama. 
• Kwesinye isikhathi odokotela batusa izinketho zokuhlinzwa ezifana nokuxhunyelelwa kwesikhumba noma ama-flap ezilonda ezinkulu ezingapholi. 
• Izindlela zokwelapha ezithuthukisiwe ezifana nokwelapha komoyampilo we-hyperbaric noma izithasiselo zesikhumba ezenziwe nge-bioengineered ziyafaneleka ezimweni eziphikayo. 

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Kubalulekile ukufuna isiqondiso sezokwelapha: 

• Uma usola ukuthi unezilonda esikhumbeni noma uma isilonda siphola kancane 
• Uma isilonda singabonisi ngcono ngemva kwesonto kuya ezinsukwini ezingu-10
• Uma isilonda siba sikhulu, sijule, noma sibe buhlungu kakhulu
• Uma ubona izimpawu zokutheleleka, njengokukhuphuka kobomvu, ukuvuvukala, ukuphuma kwamanzi, noma iphunga elibi, zikhona. 
• Uma uba nomkhuhlane noma amakhaza noma ubona ukuguqubala kwesikhumba endaweni ethintekile, ikakhulukazi uma siba nsundu ngokumnyama noma sibe mnyama, funa usizo oluphuthumayo. 
• Ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kwezilonda zesikhumba emzimbeni kungavimbela izinkinga futhi kukhuthaze ukuphulukiswa ngokushesha.

Amakhambi Asekhaya Ezilonda Zesikhumba

Amakhambi amaningana asekhaya angasiza ekulawuleni izilonda zesikhumba ezithambile, njenge: 

• Ukuphakamisa umlenze othintekile ngaphezu kwezinga lenhliziyo kukhuthaza ukugeleza kwegazi futhi kunciphisa ukuvuvukala. 
• Amasokisi okucindezela asiza ukujikeleza ngokusiza igazi libuyele enhliziyweni. 
• Ukuhlanza isilonda ngesisombululo saline kungavimbela ukutheleleka. 
• Ukusebenzisa i-turmeric paste, eyaziwa ngezici zayo zokulwa namagciwane kanye ne-anti-inflammatory, kungase kusheshise ukuphulukiswa. 
• Uju, nezinzuzo zalo zokulwa namagciwane, lungasetshenziswa ekugqokeni futhi lubekwe esilonda sesikhumba esibuhlungu. 
• Ijeli ye-aloe vera namafutha kakhukhunathi nawo ayasebenza ekwelapheni izilonda zesikhumba ngenxa yezakhiwo zazo zokuphulukisa. 

Ukuvimbela

Ukuvimbela izilonda zesikhumba emzimbeni kuhilela amasu amaningana abalulekile, okuhlanganisa: 

• Ukushintsha indawo njalo kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi kulabo abanokuhamba okulinganiselwe. Lokhu kusiza ekudambiseni ingcindezi ezindaweni ezisengozini. 
• Ukusebenzisa omatilasi abaqeda ingcindezi namakhushini kungasabalalisa isisindo ngokulinganayo. 
• Ukunakekela isikhumba ngendlela efanele kubalulekile, okuhlanganisa nokugcina isikhumba sihlanzekile, somile, futhi siswakeme kahle. 
• Umthombo-Ukudla okunazo zonke kanye ne-hydration eyanele yokusekela impilo yesikhumba. 
• Kulabo abasengozini enkulu, njengabesifazane abakhulelwe noma ababhemayo, kungase kudingeke izinyathelo zokuphepha ezengeziwe. 
• Ukuyeka ukubhema nokulawula izimo zesistimu ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme (i-hypertension) nakho kunganciphisa ingozi yokuba nezilonda esikhumbeni. 
• Ukungenelela kusenesikhathi nokunakekelwa okungaguquki kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni la manxeba ahluphayo.

Isiphetho

Ukuqonda nokulawula izilonda zesikhumba kubalulekile ekugcineni impilo nempilo yonke. Lezi zilonda ezibeleselayo zingaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yomuntu, zenze ukuhlonzwa kusenesikhathi nokunakekelwa okufanele. Uhlobo ngalunye ludinga indlela yokwelashwa ehambisanayo, kusukela ezilonda zokucindezela kuya ezilonda ze-venous kanye ne-arterial. Abantu ngabanye bangathatha izinyathelo ezithile ezisebenzayo ukuze bavimbele futhi balawule lezi zilonda ezihluphayo ngokubona izimpawu, izici zobungozi, kanye nezinkinga ezingaba khona. Ngokuhlala uqaphile, ukugcina imikhuba emihle yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba, nokubhekana nezimo zempilo ezicashile, abantu banganciphisa ingozi yokuba nezilonda zesikhumba futhi bathuthukise amathuba abo okuphulukiswa ngokushesha uma kwenzeka. Ukungenelela kusenesikhathi nokunakekelwa okufanele kuyizinsika zokulawula izilonda zesikhumba ngempumelelo.

FAQ sika

1. Yikuphi ukuntula okubangela izilonda esikhunjeni?

Ukushoda kwe-Vitamin C kungaholela ekuphulukisweni kwesilonda okubi kanye nezilonda zesikhumba ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwe-collagen synthesis. Ukuntuleka kwe-Vitamin B6 kungase kubangele i-eczema kanye ne-seborrheic dermatitis. Ukuntuleka kwe-Vitamin A kungabangela i-phrynoderma, ebonakala ngama-papules omile, ama-hyperkeratotic. Ukwehla kwe-Vitamin B12 kuhlotshaniswa ne-hyperpigmentation yesikhumba kanye nezinguquko zezinwele.

2. Izilonda zesikhumba zihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Izilonda zesikhumba ngokuvamile ziyaphola phakathi namasonto ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Nokho, izilonda ezimbi zingase zithathe iminyaka emibili ukuze zilulame ngokugcwele. Isikhathi sokuphulukiswa sincike ezintweni ezifana nohlobo nobukhulu besilonda, ikhwalithi yokunakekelwa kwesilonda, impilo yonke, ukujikeleza kwegazi, nokucindezela kokuhamba noma ukuma.

3. Yikuphi ukudla okulungele izilonda zesikhumba?

Ukudla okunomsoco kubalulekile ekwelapheni kwesilonda. Ukudla okunothe ngamaprotheni, njengenyama, inhlanzi, amaqanda, nemikhiqizo yobisi, kusiza ukulungisa izicubu. Ukudla okucebile nge-zinc kusiza ekuhlanganiseni kwe-collagen. Ukudla okune-ayoni njengenyama ebomvu, inhlanzi, nemifino enamaqabunga kusekela ukuphulukiswa. Izithelo nemifino ecebile nge-Vitamin C ibalulekile ekwakhekeni kwe-collagen nokusebenza komzimba.

4. Kungani ngiba nezilonda esikhumbeni?

Izilonda zesikhumba ngokuvamile zibangelwa ukungahambi kahle kwegazi. Izimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, i-atherossteosis, nokuntuleka kwe-venous kungaphazamisa ukugeleza kwegazi, okuholela ekwakhekeni kwezilonda. Ukucindezela isikhathi eside endaweni eyodwa, njengakubantu abalele embhedeni, kungabangela izilonda esikhumbeni. Ezinye izici zihlanganisa ukushoda kwezakhi zomzimba, izifo, nezimo ezithile zezokwelapha ezithinta impilo yesikhumba nokuphola kwesilonda.

CARE Medical Team

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