I-Meniscus ephukile

Izinyembezi ze-meniscus ziphakathi kweziguli ezivame ukulimala emadolweni. Ukulimala okubuhlungu kungathinta noma ubani, nakuba abasubathi bebhekana nezingozi eziphakeme, ikakhulukazi uma bebamba iqhaza kwezemidlalo ezithintana nabo noma imisebenzi eshukumayo.

Iphedi yedolo elimise okwe-c, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-meniscus, isebenza njengesinqamuleli sokwethuka. Izinyembezi eziningi zivela ngokunyakaza okulula okusonta. Unyawo lwesiguli luhlala lutshaliwe ngenkathi umlenze waso ongaphezulu uphenduka futhi idolo laso lihlala ligobile. Lokhu kudala amandla eqile ku amadolo ndawonye edabula izicubu ze-meniscal. Ithenisi, ibasketball, kanye nabadlali bebhola bavamise ukuzwa lokhu kulimala ngesikhathi semidlalo.

Lesi sihloko sihlanganisa zonke izici zokulimala kwe-meniscus - kusukela ezimpawu kuya kuzinketho zokwelapha. Abafundi bazothola ukuthi ngabe ukuphulukiswa kwemvelo kuyasebenza kanye nesikhathi esidingekayo sokululama. Umhlahlandlela uphinde uchaze izimo ezingase zidinge ukuhlinzwa nezindlela zokusekela ukuphulukiswa ekhaya. 

Iyini i-meniscus ephukile?

I-meniscus iyiphedi ye-cartilage ebalulekile emise okwe-C etholakala phakathi kwethanga lakho (i-femur) ne-shinbone (i-tibia). Idolo lakho linama-menisci amabili-i-meniscus ephakathi ohlangothini lwangaphakathi kanye ne-lateral meniscus ohlangothini olungaphandle. Lezi zakhiwo zivikela idolo lakho ngokusabalalisa isisindo ngokulinganayo ngaphesheya kwelunga ngenkathi zidonsa ukushaqeka.

I-meniscus edabukile yenzeka lapho lolu qwanga oluvikelayo lugcina umonakalo ophazamisa ikhono lalo lokugoba. Ubukhulu bezinyembezi buyahlukahluka kusukela kwezincane kuye kwezinzima, okuthinta ukusebenza kwedolo lakho. 

Izinhlobo Zokulimala Kwe-Meniscus

I-meniscus yakho ingadabula ngezindlela eziningana:

• Izinyembezi ezikhazimulayo: Lezi zinyembezi ze-meniscus ezimaphakathi zigijima ngokuhambisana ne-meniscus
• Izinyembezi zebhakede: Lezi zinyembezi zivame ukuvala idolo lakho
• Izinyembezi ze-Flap: I-cartilage iyaxebuka futhi ibambeke ejoyintini
• Izinyembezi eziyinkimbinkimbi: Lezi zihlanganisa amaphethini ahlukene ezinyembezi
• Izinyembezi zeLongitudinal: Lezi zigijima ngobude be-meniscus

Izimpawu ze-Meniscus eziphukile

Ungase ube nalezi zimpawu:

• Ubuhlungu emgqeni ohlangene (uhlangothi oluphakathi noma oluhlangothini)
• Ukuvuvukala emahoreni angama-24
• Ukuzwa kokuphuma ngesikhathi sokulimala
• Izinkinga ezinwebekayo noma zokugoba idolo lakho ngokugcwele
• Idolo lakho liyabamba noma liyakhiya

Izinyembezi ezincane zingadala ukungakhululeki ekuqaleni. Izinyembezi ezinkulu ngokuvamile ziletha ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala ngokushesha.

Izinkinga ze-meniscus ephukile

Izimbangela ezijwayelekile zifaka:

• Ukusonta noma ukuzungezisa idolo lakho ngenkathi unesisindo
• Imidlalo edinga ukushintshwa kokuqondisa okungazelelwe
• Ukujula noma ukuguqa
• Ukuphakamisa okusindayo okungafanele
• Ukuguga okuvamile njengoba ukhula

Ingozi ye-Torn Meniscus

Ubungozi bakho bukhula ngokuthi:

• Ukudlala imidlalo yokuxhumana noma imisebenzi edinga ukunyakaza kwe-pivoting
• Ukuba yindoda (izinyembezi zivela kaningi emadodeni)
• Ubudala obungaphezu kwama-40 (izinyembezi eziwohlokayo ziya zivame kakhulu)
• Ukulimala kwamadolo kwangaphambilini, ikakhulukazi Ukushoda kwe-ACL
• Isisindo eseqile

Izinkinga zeMeniscus Ephukile

Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, izinyembezi ze-meniscus zingaholela kulokhu:

• Okuqhubekayo ubuhlungu bamadolo nokungazinzi
• Ukuhamba nokusebenza okuncishisiwe
• Ingozi ephezulu osteoarthritis
• Ukuwohloka kwamalunga amadolo okuqhubekayo

Ukuxilongwa kwe-Torn Meniscus

Odokotela basebenzisa izindlela ezimbalwa zokuxilonga izinyembezi ze-meniscus. Lezi zindlela zibasiza ukuthi babone ukuthi ukulimala kubi kangakanani nokuthi kukuphi. 

• Ukuhlola ngokomzimba: Udokotela wakho uzohlola ukuthi umugqa ohlangene uzwakala unethenda. Bazokwenza ukuhlolwa kweMcMurray ngokugoba, ukukuqondisa nokuzungeza idolo lakho. Udokotela ubuye abheke ukuvuvukala futhi ahlole ukuthi ungasifaka kangakanani isisindo emlenzeni wakho.
• Ukuhlola ukuhlolwa:
  • Ama-X-ray awakwazi ukukhombisa i-meniscus, kodwa akhiphe izinkinga ezifana ukuphuka
  • Izikena ze-MRI ziyindlela esheshayo yokuxilonga izinyembezi ze-meniscus ngoba zibonisa ngokunembile ukulimala kwezicubu ezithambile
• I-Arthroscopy: Ezinye izimo zidinga i-arthroscopy, lapho odokotela befaka khona ikhamera encane endaweni esike kuyo ukuze ibheke ngaphakathi kwedolo lakho

Ukwelashwa Kwe-Meniscus Okudabukile

Ukuhlinzwa akudingekile ngokushesha ezinyembezini eziningi ze-meniscus. Nazi ezinye izinketho zokwelapha ezingahlaseli:

• Iphrothokholi ye-RICE isiza idolo lakho ukuthi lizizwe lingcono:
  • Phumula idolo bese weqa imisebenzi ebuhlungu
  • Beka iqhwa emadolweni akho imizuzu engu-15-20 izikhathi eziningana ngosuku
  • Gcoba ibhande elinwebekayo nxazonke ukuze unciphise ukuvuvukala
  • Gcina umlenze wakho uphakeme ngaphezu kwenhliziyo yakho ukuze wehlise ukuvuvukala
• Udokotela wakho angase futhi aphakamise:
  • Ukulawulwa kobuhlungu nokuvuvukala ngemithi elwa nokuvuvukala okungeyona i-steroidal
  • Ukuqinisa imisipha ngokusebenzisa ukwelashwa ngokomzimba
  • Corticosteroid shots ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala ezimweni ezithile
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-meniscus okudabukile: Izinketho zokuhlinza ziba nesidingo uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasizi. Lokhu kubandakanya:
  • I-Meniscectomy isusa izicubu ezilimele
  • I-Meniscus yokulungisa imithungo iklebhukile izingcezu ndawonye
  • Ukufakelwa kwe-meniscus kusebenzisa izicubu zomnikeli esikhundleni se-meniscus eyonakele

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Kufanele uthole usizo lwezempilo uma:

• Idolo lakho ngeke liqonde indlela yonke
• Ukuvuvukala kuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbalwa
• Idolo lakho liyakhiya noma liyabamba
• Idolo lizwakala lixega noma liyaxega
• Ubuhlungu buphazamisa impilo yakho yansuku zonke noma ukulala

Prevention

Nansi indlela yokugwema izinyembezi ze-meniscus:

• Yakha imisipha yamadolo eqinile (ama-quadriceps, ama-hamstrings)
• Zivocavoce futhi udlale imidlalo ngendlela efanele
• Yenza izifudumezi ezifanele ngaphambi kwemisebenzi
• Khetha izicathulo ezifanele zemisebenzi yakho
• Ungakhulisi ngokuzumayo ukuthi uziqeqesha kangakanani
• Thatha ikhefu lapho umzimba wakho ubuhlungu

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi i-meniscus edabukile iphole?

Isikhathi sokululama sincike ezintweni ezimbalwa. Ukwelashwa okungahlinzeki ngokuvamile kuthatha amasonto angu-6-8. Iziguli ezincane zelapheka ngokushesha kunezikhulile. Izinyembezi ezindaweni ezinegazi elihle ziphola ngokushesha kunezinyembezi eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ukululama kokuhlinzwa kuyahluka kakhulu. I-meniscectomy eyingxenye idinga amasonto angu-3-6, kuyilapho ukulungiswa kungase kuthathe izinyanga ezingu-3-6 ukuze kuphole ngokuphelele.

2. Yikuphi ukudla okusiza ekwelapheni i-meniscus edabukile?

Ukudla okukhethekile akukwazi ukuphulukisa ukudabuka kwe-meniscus, kodwa ukudla okuthile kusekela ukuphulukiswa. Umzimba wakho udinga ukudla okunamaprotheni amaningi njengenkukhu, inhlanzi, kanye nemifino ukulungisa izicubu. Ukudla okulwa nokuvuvukala kunganciphisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala. I-Salmon & walnuts inikeza i-omega-3 fatty acids elwa nokuvuvukala. Ukudla okunothisiwe ngezithelo nemifino kunikeza ama-antioxidants avikela amalunga ekuwohlokeni.

3. Ngingayilungisa kanjani i-meniscus yami ngokwemvelo?

Izinyembezi ezincane zingathuthuka ngezindlela ezilula. Indlela ye-RICE isebenza ngokuphumelelayo—ukuphumula, iqhwa, ukucindezela, nokuphakama. Qala izivivinyo ezifanele lapho ukuvuvukala kuncipha. I-hydration enhle igcina ukuthambisa okuhlangene. Gwema ukunyakaza okusonta noma ukuzungeza idolo lakho.

4. Ingabe ukudabuka kwe-meniscus kuyingozi?

Ubunzima bezinyembezi buncike ohlotsheni lwalo nendawo. Izinyembezi ezincane zivame ukuphendula kahle ekwelapheni okuvamile. Izinyembezi ezishiywe zingalashwa zingabangela ubuhlungu obungapheli edolweni nokungaqini. Izinyembezi eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokuvamile zidinga ukuhlinzwa. Iziguli zingase zibe ne-osteoarthritis ngaphambi kwalokho obekulindelwe ngaphandle kokwelashwa okufanele.

5. Ungakwazi yini ukuhamba ngedolo nge-meniscus edabukile?

Ukuhamba kusala kungenzeka nge-meniscus edabukile, nakuba kukhona ukulinganiselwa. Ikhono lakho lokuhamba lincike ekuqineni kwezinyembezi nendawo. Kwesinye isikhathi abasubathi bayaqhubeka nokudlala ngemuva nje kokulimala. Idolo lidinga ukuvikeleka ekujuleni nasekunyakazeni. Odokotela bangase batuse izinduku, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

UDkt. Yadoji Hari Krishna

I-MBBS, i-MS (i-Orthopaedics), I-Fellowship Ekuhlinzeni Kwamahlombe, I-Arthroscopy, kanye Nemithi Yezemidlalo, I-Arthroscopy Yokulimala Kwedolo Okuyinkimbinkimbi kanye Nokulimala Okuningi
I-CARE Hospitals Outpatient Centre, HITEC City, Hyderabad, CARE Hospitals, HITEC City, Hyderabad

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