I-Ulcerative Colitis

I-Ulcerative colitis yisifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo esingalapheki esithinta izigidi emhlabeni wonke. Ubuhlungu obungapheli besisu noma igazi esitulweni kungase kube izimpawu zesifo sokuqaqamba kwamathumbu. Lesi simo se-gastrointestinal sidala ukuvuvukala & izilonda ku-colon kanye ne-rectum, okuholela ezimpawu ezingakhululekile. Ake sihlole ukuthi iyini i-ulcerative colitis, izimpawu zayo, kanye nezinketho ezahlukene zokwelapha isifo sokuqaqamba kwamathumbu. 

Iyini I-Ulcerative Colitis? 

I-Ulcerative colitis yisifo esingapheli sokuvuvukala kwamathumbu. Idala ukuvuvukala kanye nezilonda olwelweni lwamathumbu amakhulu (ikholoni kanye ne-rectum). Lesi simo sempilo yonke sithinta izigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke, okwenza kube olunye lwezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zesifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo eduze nesifo sika-Crohn. 

Izinhlobo ze-Ulcerative Colitis 

I-ulcerative colitis ithinta izingxenye ezahlukene zekholoni kanye ne-rectum, okuholela ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zesimo. Izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-ulcerative colitis yilezi: 

• I-ulcerative proctitis, ethinta cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yeziguli, ihilela ukuvuvukala okulinganiselwe ku-rectum. 
• I-ulcerative colitis ehlangothini lwesobunxele ibangela ukuvuvukala kusuka ku-rectum kuya ku-splenic flexure, kuhlanganise ne-proctosigmoiditis. 
• I-colitis ejulile, noma i-pancolitis, ithinta ikholoni yonke. 

Izimpawu ze-Ulcerative Colitis Disease 

I-Ulcerative colitis inohlu lwezimpawu ezingahlukahluka ngobukhulu. Izimpawu ezivamile ze-ulcerative colitis zihlanganisa: 

• Uhudo, olungase lube negazi noma ubomvu 
• Ubuhlungu besisu 
• Ukwehla kwesisu 
• I-Tenesmus- isidingo esiphuthumayo sokukhipha amathumbu, ngisho noma amathumbu engenalutho 
• Ukukhathala 
• Fever 
• Ukwehla kwesisindo 
• Ezinganeni, lesi sifo singanciphisa ukukhula nokukhula. 

Njengoba isimo siqhubeka, izimpawu zingase zibe zimbi nakakhulu. Izimo ezimbi kakhulu zingaholela esihudo esinegazi njalo, isicanucanu, nokukhathala okukhulu. 

Izinkinga ze-Ulcerative Colitis 

Umuntu akakwazi ukukhomba imbangela eqondile ye-ulcerative colitis, kodwa abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kuhilela ukusebenzisana okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezici, kuhlanganise: 

• I-Genetics idlala indima ebalulekile, njengoba u-8% kuya ku-14% weziguli ezinomlando womndeni walesi sifo. Ubungozi bomuntu bukhuphuka ngokuphindwe kane uma enesihlobo se-first degree esine-ulcerative colitis. 
• Izici zemvelo nazo zinomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwalesi sifo samathumbu esivuthayo. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi abantu ababekade bebhema basengozini enkulu yokuba ne-ulcerative colitis uma kuqhathaniswa nababhemayo abakhuthele. I-gut microbiome, ehlanganisa amagciwane, amagciwane, kanye nesikhunta ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla, iyahluka kubantu abane-ulcerative colitis.  
• Iminyaka yobudala iphinde ibe nomthelela ebungozini, ngokuxilonga okuningi okwenzeka phakathi kweminyaka eyi-15-30 noma ngemuva kweminyaka engama-60. 
• Ngenkathi ukucindezeleka futhi ukudla akubangeli i-ulcerative colitis, kungabangela ukuqubuka kwezimpawu kulabo abanaso. 

Izinkinga ze-Ulcerative Colitis 

I-ulcerative colitis ingaholela ezinkingeni ezihlukahlukene ezithinta isimiso sokugaya ukudla nezinye izitho zomzimba. 

• Omunye wemiphumela emibi evamile ye-ulcerative colitis i-anemia, okubangelwa ukopha kakhulu emathunjini. 
• Iziguli ezine-ulcerative colitis nazo zinethuba elikhudlwana lokuthola umdlavuza wekoloni, ikakhulukazi uma ukuvuvukala kubanzi noma isikhathi eside. 
• Lesi sifo singabangela i-osteoporosis, senze amathambo abe buthaka futhi enze kube lula ukuphuka. 
• Kwezinye izimo, ukuvuvukala kusakazekela esibindini, okuholela ku-primary sclerosing cholangitis, ephazamisa ukusebenza kwesibindi. 
• Izingane ezine-ulcerative colitis zingase zibe nezinkinga zokukhula nokukhula ngenxa yokumuncwa okulinganiselwe kwezakhi. 

Sifo 

Ukuxilongwa kwe-ulcerative colitis kuhlanganisa inhlanganisela yezindlela. Babuyekeza umlando wezokwelapha nowomndeni wesiguli, okulandelwa ukuhlolwa komzimba. 

• Izivivinyo zegazi: Ukuhlola i-anemia kanye nezimpawu zokutheleleka noma ukuvuvukala. 
• Amasampula Endle: Siza ukukhipha ezinye izimo ezinezimpawu ezifanayo. 
• Izinqubo ze-Endoscopic: Odokotela bangenza i-colonoscopy noma i-sigmoidoscopy eguquguqukayo ukuze babuke ulwelwesi lwamakholoni futhi bathathe amasampula ezicubu ukuze ahlolwe. 
• Ukuhlolwa Kwezithombe: Uphenyo lwe-radiology olufana nama-X-ray noma ama-CT scan lusiza ukuhlola izinga lokuvuvukala futhi lukhiphe izinkinga. 

Ukwelashwa 

Inhloso yokwelashwa kwe-ulcerative colitis ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala futhi kubangele ukukhululwa. 

Imithi: Odokotela basebenzisa imithi ehlukahlukene ukuze bafeze lokhu, bevumelanisa ukwelashwa nezidingo zesiguli ngasinye. 

• Imithi elwa nokuvuvukala ivamise ukuba yinketho yokuqala ezimweni ezithambile kuya kwezilingene. Lezi zingathathwa ngomlomo noma zifakwe phezulu ukuze kuthuliswe ikholoni elivuvukele kanye ne-rectum. 
• Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, odokotela bangase banikeze i-corticosteroids, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwabo isikhathi eside kunqunyelwe ngenxa yemiphumela emibi. 
• Ama-immunosuppressants kanye ne-biologics yizinketho zalabo abangaphenduli kahle kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha. 

Le mithi ihlose izindawo ezithile zamasosha omzimba ukuze kuncishiswe ukuvuvukala. 

Ukungenelela Ngokuhlinzwa: Ukuhlinzwa kungase kudingeke ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma izinkinga ziphakama noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingaphumeleli. 

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela 

Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha esibhedlela uma unalo izimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, umkhuhlane omkhulu, noma ukopha kakhulu komgudu. Kubalulekile ukubika noma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha noma eziba nzima, njengoba zingase zibonise isidingo sokulungiswa kokwelashwa. 

Prevention 

Nakuba ingekho indlela eqinisekisiwe yokuvimbela i-ulcerative colitis, ukukhetha okuthile kwendlela yokuphila kungasiza ukwehlisa ubungozi nokulawula izimpawu, okuhlanganisa: 

• Ukudla okunomsoco okuhlanganisa izithelo, imifino nokusanhlamvu kungakhuthaza impilo yamathumbu. Kuyasiza ukugcina idayari yokudla ukuze ubone ukudla okungase kube yizicucu. 
• Ukuzivocavoca njalo kunganciphisa ukuvuvukala futhi kuqinise ulwelwesi lwamathumbu. 
• Ukulawula ingcindezi ngokusebenzisa amasu afana nokuphefumula okujulile, ukuzindla, noma i-yoga nakho kungaba nomthelela omuhle empilweni yamathumbu. 
• Kulabo abanomlando womndeni we-ulcerative colitis, ukuhlolwa kofuzo kanye nokuhlolwa kusenesikhathi kungase kube yinzuzo. 

Isiphetho 

I-ulcerative colitis ingaba nomthelela ohlala njalo ezimpilweni zalabo abathintekile, iveze uhla lwezimpawu kanye nezinkinga ezingaba khona. Kusukela ebuhlungwini besisu obungapheli kuya engcupheni yomdlavuza wekoloni, lesi sifo samathumbu esivuthayo esingapheli sibangela izinselele ezinkulu. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi bangakwazi ukuphatha izimpawu zabo ngempumelelo ngokuxilonga nokwelashwa okufanele. 

FAQ sika 

1. Sibi kangakanani i-ulcerative colitis? 

I-ulcerative colitis ingaba nomthelela ojulile empilweni yomuntu. Ubukhulu bayo buyahlukahluka, kusukela ezimeni ezithambile ezinokuphatheka kabi ngezikhathi ezithile kuye ezinhlotsheni ezinzima ezingaholela ezinkingeni ezisongela ukuphila. Isimo kwandisa ingozi umdlavuza coloni-anemia, i-osteoporosis. Ezimweni ezingavamile, kungabangela i-megacolon enobuthi noma i-colon perforation, edinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Nakuba i-ulcerative colitis ibucayi, abantu abaningi baphatha izimpawu zabo ngokuphumelelayo ngokwelashwa okufanele kanye nokulungiswa kwendlela yokuphila. 

2. Ingabe i-ulcerative colitis ingaphela? 

I-ulcerative colitis yisimo sempilo yonke, kodwa akusho ukuhlupheka njalo. Iziguli eziningi ziba nezikhathi zokukhululeka lapho izimpawu ziphela noma zinyamalale ngokuphelele. Lezi zikhathi zokuxolelwa zingahlala izinyanga noma iminyaka. Kodwa-ke, ukuqubuka kungenzeka ngokungalindelekile. 

3. Yikuphi ukudla okungalungile nge-ulcerative colitis? 

Nakuba ukudla okubangelwa yi-trigger kuhluka phakathi kwabantu abane-ulcerative colitis, ezinye izinkinga ezivamile zihlanganisa: 

• imikhiqizo yobisi 
• Ukudla okunefiber ephezulu njengemifino eluhlaza kanye nezinhlamvu 
• Ukudla okunezipayisi 
• Utshwala neziphuzo ze-carbonated 
• Inyama ebomvu negayiwe 
• Ukudla okunoshukela nama-sweeteners okwenziwa 
• Ukudla okunamafutha amaningi 

4. Ingabe i-ulcerative colitis ingalapheka unomphela? 

Njengamanje, alikho ikhambi lezokwelapha le-ulcerative colitis. Ukwelashwa kugxile ekulawuleni izimpawu, ekwehliseni ukuvuvukala kanye nokwelula isikhathi sokuxolelwa. Kodwa-ke, ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kwekholoni yonke kanye ne-rectum (ingqikithi ye-colectomy) kungaqeda lesi sifo. Le nqubo iyisinyathelo sokugcina lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingaphumeleli noma kuvela izinkinga. 
 

CARE Medical Team

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