Amatshe e-Ureter

Amatshe e-Ureter athinta izigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele, okwenza kube yisimo esibuhlungu nesisabalele. Amadoda ajwayele ukuwathuthukisa kaningi uma kuqhathaniswa nabesifazane.

Lawa mamineral deposit akheleka ku-ureter - ishubhu elincanyana, elide elixhumanisa izinso zakho esinyeni. Ukwakheka kwetshe lomuntu ngamunye kunezisusa ezihlukene, nakuba ngokuvamile ziqala lapho amaminerali omchamo ecwebezela futhi ehlangana ndawonye. Ubuhlungu obubukhali, umchamo onegazi, nohambo lokugezela njalo lubonisa ukuba khona kwetshe. Iziguli zidinga ukwelashwa okufanele ukuze zigweme izinkinga. Izinketho zokwelashwa eziningana zingasiza, kuye ngokuthi itshe lihlala kuphi nokuthi likhula kangakanani. Inselele ilele ekuvimbeleni, njengoba ingxenye yazo zonke iziguli ikhula elinye itshe phakathi neminyaka emihlanu.

Lesi sihloko sihlukanisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zamatshe e-urethra futhi sichaza izindlela zabo, izimpawu eziyisixwayiso, kanye nokwelashwa okusebenza kangcono ukuphatha lesi simo esisabalele.

Yini ama-Ureteral Stones?

Amatshe e-Ureter ayinqwaba yamaminerali angena ku-ureter - ishubhu elixhuma izinso zakho esinyeni. Lawa matshe asuka ezinso futhi ehla ngomchamo. Odokotela babiza lesi simo ngokuthi ureterolithiasis. Amatshe amancane adlula kalula ku-ureter, kodwa amakhulu angavimbela ukugeleza komchamo.

Izimpawu ze-Ureteral Stones

Amatshe amancane angase adlule engabonakali. Amatshe amakhulu, noma kunjalo, adala izimpawu ezimbalwa ezingakhululekile. Okulandelayo yizimpawu ezivamile zamatshe e-urethra:

• Iziguli zizwa ubuhlungu obukhulu obuphuma emhlane noma ohlangothini ukuya esiswini noma emanqeni. 
• Umchamo wabo ungase ubonakale ubomvana, ubomvu, noma unsundu ngenxa yegazi. 
• Iziguli zivame ukuzwa a ukuzwa ukushisa ngesikhathi sokuchama kanye nesidingo yokugezela njalo uhambo. 
• I-nausea, ukuhlanza, nomchamo oguqubele noma onuka kabi kuvamile.
• Ubuhlungu buhlasela ngokuzumayo futhi bufika ngamagagasi. 

Abantu abanamatshe e-urethra bavame ukuhambahamba njalo, ngokungafani nalabo abanezinye izinhlobo zobuhlungu besisu abakhetha ukuhlala benganyakazi.

Izinkinga ze-Ureteral Stones

Umchamo wakho uqukethe amaminerali nosawoti onganqwabelana bese ucwebezela ube amatshe. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngoba awuwaphuzi amanzi anele. Amazinga aphezulu ezinto emchameni wakho, njenge-calcium, i-oxalate, i-uric acid, i-phosphate, i-cystine, noma i-xanthine, nayo ingaholela ekwakhekeni kwamatshe.

Izingozi Zezingozi

Amanye amaqembu anamathuba aphezulu okuthuthukisa amatshe e-urethra. 

• Amadoda abhekana nalesi simo kaningi kunabesifazane. 
• Abantu abamhlophe 
• Abantu abadala abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-40-60 babhekana nengozi eyengeziwe. 
• Ukwakheka kwamatshe kwenzeka emindenini. 
• Abantu abanesifo sikashukela, isifo sezinso ze-polycystic, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme bangangenwa kalula yizifo.
• Ukudla okunothe ngosawoti, ushukela, amaprotheni ezilwane, nokudla okune-oxalate okufana nesipinashi noshokoledi kungandisa ingozi yakho.

Izinkinga ze-Ureteral Stones

Amatshe e-Ureter adinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha ukuze agweme izinkinga ezinkulu. Okulandelayo yizinkinga ezivamile zamatshe e-urethra:

• Amatshe e-Ureter angavimba ngokuphelele ukugeleza komchamo futhi abangele ukuvuvukala kwezinso (i-hydronephrosis). 
• Iziguli zingase zibe nokutheleleka kwezinso noma i-urosepsis - isimo esisongela ukuphila. 
• Amatshe angalimaza izinso noma abangele ukuthi zihluleke. 
• Ukulimala noma ukuncipha kwe-ureter kungenzeka.
• Amatshe anezifo ezihlobene nawo adala ingozi ethile futhi adinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa okusheshayo, i-ureter evinjiwe ingalimaza izinso zakho unomphela.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-Ureteral Stones

Odokotela baxilonga amatshe e-urethra ngokusebenzisa:

• Ukuhlolwa komtholampilo - Udokotela wakho uzothatha umlando wakho wezokwelapha futhi akuhlole ngokomzimba
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo - Ukuhlola igazi, amakristalu, nezimpawu zokutheleleka
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi - Ukuhlola ukusebenza kwezinso namazinga amaminerali
• Izifundo zezithombe - 
  • Ama-CT scan ngaphandle kokuqhathanisa abonisa izithombe ezinemininingwane yomzila wakho womchamo futhi aveze usayizi oqondile nendawo yamatshe. 
  • I-Ultrasound isebenza kahle njengenye indlela, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abakhulelwe nezingane.

Ukwelashwa Kwetshe le-Ureter

Amatshe amancane angaphansi kuka-5mm adlula ngokwemvelo nge-hydration efanele. Amatshe amakhulu adinga lezi zindlela zokwelapha:

• Ukuphathwa kobuhlungu - ama-NSAID afana ne-ketorolac ahlinzeka ngokukhululeka okungcono kune-opioid
• Imithi - I-Alpha-blockers isiza ukukhulula imisipha ye-ureter, okwenza kube lula ukuhamba kwamatshe
• Izinketho zokuhlinzwa - Kumatshe amakhulu angeke adlule ngokwemvelo:
• I-Ureteroscopy - Ishubhu elincanyana elinekhamera likhipha noma lihlephule amatshe ngamalaser
• I-Percutaneous nephrolithotomy - Ngamatshe amakhulu kakhulu, asuswa ngokusika okuncane

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Udinga ukunakwa ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu, obungapheli obungapheli
• Imfiva, amakhaza, noma iziqephu ezinyakazayo
• Igazi emcimbini
• Ukungakwazi ukuchama
• Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo okungapheli nokuhlanza

Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise izinkinga ezifana nokutheleleka noma ukuvaleka okuphelele okudinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.

Ukuvimbela

Cishe ingxenye yabo bonke abantu abanamatshe ezinso baphinde babhekane nakho phakathi neminyaka emi-5. Ukuvimbela kuba semqoka futhi kufanele kufake lokhu okulandelayo:

• Hlala u-hydrated - Phuza amalitha angu-2-3 wamanzi nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine umchamo ophaphathekile
• Izinguquko zokudla - Yehlisa i-sodium (ngaphansi kuka-2300mg nsuku zonke), nciphisa amaprotheni ezilwane, futhi udle izithelo ezisawolintshi eziningi.
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo - Ukukhuluphala kwandisa ingozi yamatshe
• Ukuhlolwa okuvamile - Kubaluleke kakhulu kulabo abanomlando wangaphambilini wamatshe

Isiphetho

Amatshe e-Ureteral angenye yezimo ezibuhlungu kakhulu isiguli esingabhekana nazo. Indlela esuka ekuxilongweni iye ekwelapheni ingazwakala inzima, kodwa imithi yesimanje manje isinikeza izindlela ezimbalwa zokubhekana nazo ngokuphumelelayo. Amatshe amancane ngokuvamile azidlulela ngokwawo nge-hydration enhle nokulawula ubuhlungu. Uma amatshe emakhulu, odokotela kudingeka bangenele ngezinqubo ezifana ne-lithotripsy noma ureteroscopy.

Abantu abake baba namatshe ngaphambili kumele bathathe izinyathelo zokuvikela ngokungathi sína. Ukuvakasha kodokotela okuvamile kusiza ukubona izinkinga ezingase zibe khona kusenesikhathi. Ubuhlungu bungase bube bukhulu, kodwa amatshe e-urethra ngokuvamile ayalapheka futhi awabeki impilo engozini.

Kufanele uthole usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uba nezimpawu ezinzima njengobuhlungu obungabekezeleleki, imfiva, noma ungakwazi ukuchama. Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kuvimbela ukulimala kwezinso kanye nezifo eziyingozi. Izigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke zibhekana namatshe e-urethra, kodwa ukuvimbela okuhle nokunakekelwa okufanele kunciphisa kakhulu ukuthi zenzeka kaningi kangakanani nokuthi ziyithinta kanjani impilo yakho.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe itshe le-urethra liyingozi?

Amatshe e-Ureter angahluka ukusuka komnene kuye kobucayi ngokusekelwe kulokhu:

• Usayizi nendawo 
• Ukuba khona kokutheleleka
• Umsebenzi wezinso 

Amatshe e-Ureteral awavamile ukusongela impilo yakho. Noma kunjalo, ezinye izimo zidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha:

• Ukuvaleka okuphelele okubangela ukulimala kwezinso
• Ukutheleleka okusakazekela egazini (urosepsis)
• Amatshe ezigulini ezinenso eyodwa kuphela esebenzayo

2. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwamatshe ezinso namatshe e-ureter?

Itshe ngokwalo alihlukani—kubalulekile indawo yalo kuphela:

• Kwakha amatshe ezinso ezinso
• Amatshe e-Ureter angamatshe ezinso adlulele ku-ureter 

3. Amatshe omchamo ahlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Isikhathi sokuhamba kwetshe siyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi:

• Usayizi obaluleke kakhulu:
  • Amatshe amancane kuno-4 mm adlula ngokwemvelo cishe ngama-80% esikhathi 
  • Amatshe amakhulu kuno-6 mm ngokuvamile adinga usizo lwezokwelapha njengoba u-20% kuphela adlula ngokwemvelo
• Indawo ithinta ukudlula:
  • Amatshe aseduze nesinye adlula kalula kunalawo aseduze nezinso
  • Amatshe esinyeni ngokuvamile adlula phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa

UDkt. Arun Rathi

I-MBBS, i-MS, i-MCh (Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-genitourinary)
CARE Hospitals, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad

Ukuze Ubhukhe Isikhathi, shayela:

+ 91 40-68106529