Uhudo Nokuhlanza

Ukuvota futhi isifo sohudo sivame ukwenzeka ndawonye futhi singenza abantu bazizwe bengaphilile, kodwa izimpawu ngokuvamile azihlali isikhathi eside. Abantu abaningi bayalulama esifweni sohudo phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-5 kuya kweziyi-7, futhi ukuhlanza kuvame ukuma ngemva kosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili.

Lapho isifo sohudo nokuhlanza kwenzeka kanyekanye, umzimba ungaphelelwa amanzi ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, noma ngubani onezimpawu kufanele asale ekhaya evela emsebenzini noma esikoleni. Kufanele balinde okungenani amahora angama-48 ngemuva kokudamba kwezimpawu ngaphambi kokubuya. I-viral gastroenteritis, eyaziwa nangokuthi umkhuhlane wesisu, ibangela izimo eziningi. Amagciwane amaningana angabangela lokhu kutheleleka, okuhlanganisa i-norovirus, i-rotavirus, i-adenovirus, ne-astrovirus. Nakuba imizimba yabantu abadala abanempilo ijwayele ukulwa naleli gciwane ngaphandle kokwelashwa, izimo zabantu asebekhulile nezezingane zidinga ukuqashwa eduze ngoba ingozi yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni iyanda.

Kuyini Isifo Sohudo Nokuhlanza?

Isisu sikhipha okukuso ngamandla ngesikhathi sokuhlanza. Uhudo lwenzeka lapho ukuphuma kwamathumbu kuxega futhi kuba namanzi. Lezi zimpawu zikhomba i-gastroenteritis, evutha isisu nolwelwesi lwamathumbu. Unyaka ngamunye, i-gastroenteritis ithinta izigidi emhlabeni wonke.

Izimpawu Zokuphalaza kanye Nesihudo

Abantu abaphethwe isifo sohudo nokuhlanza bavame ukukhula:

• Ubuhlungu besisu namajaqamba
• I-nausea
• Amathumbu angase aqhume ngokuzwakalayo futhi abangele ukuqunjelwa. 
• Ukukhathala 
• Abanye abantu bayathuthuka imfiva, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokutheleleka. 

Izimpawu zomuntu ngamunye ziyahlukahluka kuye ngembangela kanye nokumelana nomzimba wakhe.

Yini Ebangela Ukuphalaza Nohudo?

Ziningi izinto ezingadala ukuhlanza kanye nesifo sohudo. Ukutheleleka kuhlala kuyisizathu esivame kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma une:

• Amagciwane (i-norovirus, i-rotavirus, i-adenovirus)
• Amagciwane (E. coli, Salmonella, C. difficile)
• Amaphara
• Ukudla ubuthi
• Imithi (ama-antibiotics, ama-NSAID), imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali)

Ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, ukukhulelwa, ukusetshenziswa kotshwala kakhulu, nokungabekezelelani kokudla nakho kungabangela lezi zimpawu. Ukungcoliswa kokudla kuholela ku-gastroenteritis.

Izingozi Zezingozi

Amanye amaqembu abhekana nengozi enkulu yohudo nokuhlanza:

• Izingane ezincane
• Abantu abadala abadala
• Abantu abane amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka 
• Abantu ezindaweni zokulala noma ezikoleni
• Abahambi abaya emazweni asathuthuka
• Abantu abathatha ama-antibiotics 

Izinkinga

Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kubangela usongo olukhulu kubantu abanesifo sohudo nokuhlanza. Umzimba ulahlekelwa uketshezi oluningi kunalokho olungena ngokuhlanza njalo kanye nesifo sohudo. 

Izimo ezimbi kakhulu zingaholela ekulinganiseni kwama-electrolyte, ukunciphisa umthamo wegazi, ngisho nokwehluleka kwezinso. Ukuncipha kokuchama komuntu, ukoma okukhulu, umlomo owomile, nokukhathala kubonisa ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.

Ukuxilongwa Kokuhlanza Nohudo

Ukuxilongwa okufanele kudala isisekelo sokwelapha isifo sohudo nokuhlanza ngendlela efanele. Odokotela basebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene ukuhlonza izimbangela futhi baphakamise izindlela zokwelapha ezingcono kakhulu:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola ama-electrolyte nokusebenza kwezinso
• Ukuhlolwa kwendle ukuhlonza amagciwane, izimuncagazi noma amagciwane
• Ukuhlolwa kokuphefumula kwe-Hydrogen ukunquma ukungabekezelelani kwe-lactose
• I-Endoscopy noma i-colonoscopy ukuhlola umgudu wokugaya ukudla

Lezi zivivinyo zisiza odokotela ukuthi babone ukuthi izimpawu zivela ekuthelelekeni, ukudla okunoshevu, ukusabela kwemithi noma ezinye izimo.

Ukwelapha Ukuphalaza Nohudo

Ukwelashwa kuhlose ukuvimbela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni futhi kuqondiswe kulezi zindlela ezilandelayo:

• Ukubuyisela amanzi emzimbeni ngamanzi, imihluzi noma izixazululo zokubuyisela amanzi emzimbeni
• Ama-antibiotics uma amagciwane noma ama-parasites edala izimpawu
• Imithi etholakala ezitolo njenge-loperamide noma i-bismuth subsalicylate yabantu abadala
• Ukulungisa imithi yamanje engase ibangele izimpawu

Qaphela ukuthi izingane akufanele ziphuze imishanguzo yabantu abadala yokulwa nesifo sohudo ngaphandle uma udokotela eziyalele.

Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela

Thola usizo lwezempilo ngokushesha uma:

• Uphalaza isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angama-24
• Uhudo lwakho luhlala ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezi-2
• Ubona igazi emhlanzweni noma endle
• Ukhombisa izimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni (ukoma kakhulu, umlomo owomile, ukuncipha kokuchama)
• Imfiva yakho ingaphezu kuka-102°F (38.9°C)
• Uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu

Abazali kufanele bathintane nodokotela uma usana lwabo luhlanza njalo, lungakaze lube manzi inabukeni emahoreni ayisithupha, noma lubonakala luwozela ngendlela engavamile.

Amakhambi Asekhaya Wokuphalaza kanye Nesihudo

Lezi zindlela zasekhaya zingakusiza ulawule izimpawu:

• Hlala uhlanzekile ngokuphuza uketshezi olucacile kancane kancane
• Landela ukudla kwe-BRAT (Ubhanana, Ilayisi, i-Applesauce, i-Toast)
• Gwema ubisi, i-caffeine, utshwala, iziphuzo ezinoshukela nokudla okunamafutha
• Zama ginger itiye ukudambisa isicanucanu
• Sebenzisa ama-probiotics ukubuyisela ibhalansi ye-bacterial gut

Izigameko eziningi zohudo nokuhlanza ziyaphela phakathi nesonto ngaphandle kokwelashwa okuqondile. Ukunakekelwa kahle kwekhaya kungakwenza ukhululeke kakhudlwana futhi kukusize ululame ngokushesha.

Isiphetho

Isifo sohudo nokuhlanza kuthinta izigidi zabantu unyaka ngamunye. Lezi zifo ezivamile zivame ukuphela phakathi nesonto ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Udinga nje ukubuka izimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni ezibeka engcupheni enkulu, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni nakubantu asebekhulile.

Ungazivikela kangcono lezi zimo kunokuziphatha. Izandla ezihlanzekile, ukudla okuphekwe kahle, nokugwema abantu abagulayo kusiza ekunqandeni izifo. Imikhuba emihle yenhlanzeko inciphisa nokusabalala kwamagciwane aphazamisa isisu sakho.

Ukwazi ukuthi zelaphe izimpawu ekhaya noma uthole usizo lwezempilo kuba nomthelela omkhulu ekululameni. Izimo ezithambile zisabela kahle kumakhambi asekhaya alula njengokudla okuthambile noketshezi oluhlanzekile. Kodwa, izimpawu ezinzima noma izimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Umzimba wakho ululama ngokwemvelo ngokuphumula. Ukubuyela ngokushesha emisebenzini evamile kungenza izimpawu zibe zimbi kakhulu futhi zisabalalise ukugula kwabanye. Ukunakekela okufanele kusheshisa ukululama kwakho futhi kuvikela abanye emphakathini wakho.

Umzimba wakho ulwa nezinto ezibangela isifo sohudo nokuhlanza ngaphandle komuthi. I-hydration efanele idlala indima ebalulekile ekululameni. Ukuphuza kancane, njalo uketshezi kukusiza ukuthi uhlale uhlanzekile ngisho nalapho uzizwa ugula.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Yini okufanele uyidle ngemva kokuhlanza kanye nesifo sohudo?

Umzimba wakho udinga isikhathi sokulungisa ukudla okuqinile ngemva kokuphatha uketshezi. Qala ngokudla okungenalutho:

• Ukudla kwe-BRAT kusebenza kahle kakhulu (ubhanana, irayisi, i-appleauce, ithosi)
• Ama-crackers angenalutho, okusanhlamvu, namazambane agayiwe yizinketho ezinhle
• I-pasta engenalutho, amazambane abilisiwe, namaqanda nakho kuyasiza

Yidla ukudla okuncane kaningi esikhundleni sezingxenye ezinkulu.

2. Yikuphi ukudla okufanele ukugweme ngemva kokuhlanza kanye nesifo sohudo?

Okunye ukudla kungakwenza uzizwe kabi kakhulu:

• Imikhiqizo yobisi (ubisi, ushizi, u-ayisikhilimu)
• Ukudla okuthosiwe, okunamafutha, nokunamafutha
• Ukudla okubabayo nezinongo ezinamandla
• I-caffeine notshwala
• Izibiliboco ezinoshukela neziphuzo ezinoshukela
• Imifino nezithelo, ikakhulukazi ezisawolintshi

3. Ingabe ukukhathazeka kungabangela ukuhlanza kanye nesifo sohudo?

Ukukhathazeka kubangela kokubili ukuhlanza kanye nesifo sohudo futhi ngesizathu esihle, futhi. Amathumbu akho nengqondo kusebenza eduze ndawonye. Ukukhathazeka kukhipha ama-hormone:

• Thuthukisa i-flora yakho yamathumbu
• Shintsha izithiyo zakho zamathumbu
• Kuthinta indlela ubuchopho bakho obufunda ngayo izimpawu zesisu
• Yenza amathumbu akho ahambe ngokushesha

4. Yini okufanele uyiphuze lapho uhlanza futhi ukhishwa yisisu?

Ukuhlala u-hydrated kubalulekile ngesikhathi sokugula:

• Ama-ice chips asiza uma ulahla njalo
• Uketshezi oluhlanzekile lusebenza kahle kakhulu (amanzi, umhluzi, itiye elibuthakathaka)
• Izixazululo zokubuyisela amanzi emzimbeni njenge-Pedialyte ziyasebenza
• Amajusi ahlanzekile axutshwe nengxenye nesigamu namanzi angasiza

Abantu abadala kufanele baphuze okungenani izingilazi eziyisikhombisa zamanzi eziyisishiyagalombili ngosuku.

5. Yini ebangela isifo sohudo nokuhlanza ngaphandle komkhuhlane?

Lezi zimpawu ngaphandle komkhuhlane zingase zivele:

• Ukungabekezelelani kokudla noma i-allergies
• Eminye imithi (ama-antibiotics, ama-NSAID)
• ukukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka
• I-syndrome e-irritable syndrome
• ukukhulelwa (morning sickness)
• Ukugula kokunyakaza

6. Ingabe amanzi kakhukhunathi alungele isifo sohudo?

Amanzi kakhukhunathi ayasiza ngohudo ngoba:

• Ine-electrolyte yemvelo (i-potassium, i-sodium, i-magnesium)
• Ibuyisela uketshezi olulahlekile ngempumelelo
• Isebenza kanye neziphuzo zezemidlalo ze-hydration

UDkt. Vivek Chaurasia

I-MBBS, MD (Imithi Yangaphakathi)
Izibhedlela ze-CARE CHL, e-Indore

Ukuze Ubhukhe Isikhathi, shayela:

+91 406 810 6585