Urosepsis
I-Urosepsis yisimo esibucayi sezempilo esingaba ngokushesha esisongela ukuphila. Ukuqonda i-urosepsis kubalulekile ekuboneni izimpawu zayo kusenesikhathi futhi uthole ukunakekelwa okufanele. Ake sihlole izici ezibalulekile ze-urosepsis, okuhlanganisa izimbangela zayo nezici zobungozi, izimpawu, nokwelashwa okusebenzayo. Sizophinde sixoxe ngokuthi odokotela baxilonga kanjani i-urosepsis, izinkinga ezingaba khona, nezindlela zokuvimbela lesi simo esiyingozi.
Iyini i-Urosepsis?
I-Urosepsis yisimo esibi sesistimu esenzeka lapho ukutheleleka kwe-urinary tract infection (UTI) kungena egazini, kubangele i-sepsis. I-Sepsis yindlela yokusabela komzimba engozini ekuthelelekeni. Kungaletha ukulimala kwezicubu, ukwehluleka kwezitho ngisho nokufa uma kungelashwanga ngokushesha.
Ku-urosepsis, ukutheleleka ngokuvamile kuqala emgudwini womchamo ophansi (isinye noma urethra) bese kudlulela ezinso. Lesi sifo sibizwa ngokuthi i-pyelonephritis. Amagciwane kanye nezingxenye zawo ezivela epheshaneni le-urogenital abangela ukusabela kokuvuvukala emzimbeni wesiguli, asebenze njengama-pyrogen angaphandle kumaseli ahlosiwe we-eukaryotic.
Izimbangela Nezingozi Ze-Urosepsis
Isizathu esiyinhloko se-urosepsis amabhaktheriya angena emgudwini womchamo. Lokhu kungenzeka ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise:
- Umsebenzi wezocansi
- Ukuhlanzeka okungekuhle
- Ama-catheter womchamo (kokubili ama-catheter angaphakathi nangaphandle)
Kunezici eziningana ezandisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-urosepsis:
- Ubudala: Abantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 basengozini kakhulu.
- Ubulili: Abesifazane bathambekele kakhulu ekungeneni kwe-urosepsis ngenxa yama-urethra abo amafushane.
- Izimo Ezingamahlalakhona: Isifo sikashukela, isifo sezinso, nezimo zesinye ziphakamisa ingozi.
- Amasosha omzimba Abuthakathaka: I-HIV/AIDS, i-chemotherapy, noma abemukeli bokufakelwa isitho basengozini enkulu.
- Ukulaliswa Kwakamuva Esibhedlela Noma Ukuhlinzwa: Lokhu kungachaya abantu ezifweni ezitholwa esibhedlela.
- Umlando wama-UTIs: I-UTI evamisile noma engapheli yandisa amathuba e-urosepsis.
- Ukugcinwa Komchamo: Ukungakwazi ukukhipha ngokugcwele esinyeni kungaholela ekukhuleni kwamagciwane.
Izimpawu ze-Urosepsis
Izimpawu ze-Urosepsis zingahluka ngokuya ngobukhulu begciwane nokuthi lisakazeke kangakanani. Ekuqaleni, abantu abane-urosepsis bavame ukuzwa izimpawu ze-urinary tract infection (UTI). Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise:
- Isidingo esisheshayo nesishubile sokuchama kaningi
- Ubuhlungu noma ukuzwa ukushisa ngenkathi uchama
- Umchamo oguqubele noma onegazi
- Ingcindezi engezansi kwesisu sabo
Njengoba ukutheleleka kuqhubeka futhi i-urosepsis ikhula, kuvela izimpawu ezinzima kakhulu. Lokhu kungafaka:
- Umkhuhlane omkhulu
- Izinga lokushisa lomzimba eliphansi eliyingozi
- Ukukhathala okukhulu, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza
- Ubuhlungu obuseduze nezinso, ezitholakala ezinhlangothini ezingezansi zomhlane
- Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukuphefumula ngokushesha, ukuthatha ukuphefumula okungaphezu kwama-22 ngomzuzu.
- Izinguquko ekushayeni kwenhliziyo (ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo)
- I-pulse ebuthakathaka
- Inkungu yobuchopho noma amazinga okukhathazeka angajwayelekile
- Umchamo omncane noma ungekho
Izinkinga
I-Urosepsis ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinzima uma ingelashwa ngokushesha nangempumelelo. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise:
- Ukulimala Kwezitho noma Ukwehluleka: Ukutheleleka kungathinta izitho ezibalulekile njenge inhliziyo, isibindi nezinso, okuholela ekwehleni kokusebenza kwezitho zomzimba.
- I-Septic Shock: Lesi simo senzeka lapho umfutho wegazi wehla ngendlela eyingozi, okuthinta ukugeleza kwegazi ezithweni ezibalulekile.
- Ubovu: Ukuqoqwa kobomvu eduze kwezinso noma i-prostate
- I-Scar Tissue: Ukwakhiwa kwezicubu ezibomvu emgudwini womchamo
Ukuxilongwa kwe-Urosepsis
- Ukuhlola Umzimba: Ukuhlola kokuqala kuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa okuphelele ngokomzimba, ukunaka izimpawu ezinjengobuhlungu be-flank, i-dysuria, nokugcinwa komchamo. Odokotela baphinde bahlole izimpawu ze-systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), ezifana nezinga lokushisa lomzimba elingavamile, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, nokwenyuka kwezinga lokuphefumula.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwaselabhorethri:
- I-urinalysis kanye nesiko lomchamo
- Ukuhlaziywa kwegazi, okuhlanganisa inani legazi eliphelele (CBC), iphaneli ye-metabolic ebanzi, namasiko egazi, kusiza ukuhlola ukusebenza kwesitho nokuhlonza amagciwane ayimbangela.
- Isilinganiso se-Procalcitonin (PCT) sokuxilonga i-sepsis enzima.
- Izifundo zesithombe:
- I-Ultrasound iyindlela yokuqala yokucabanga
- Izikena ze-Computed tomography (CT) zingakwazi ukubona okutholakele okungabonakali kalula nge-ultrasound.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Urosepsis
Ukwelapha i-urosepsis kudinga ukungenelela okusheshayo nokunolaka ukuvimbela izinkinga ezisongela ukuphila. Ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa:
- Nemithi Elwa Namagciwane: ukuphathwa ngomthambo ngokuvamile phakathi nehora elilodwa lokuxilongwa.
- I-Intravenous Fluids: Uketshezi lwe-IV, ngokuvamile oluqukethe amaminerali afana ne-sodium, lusiza ukugcina umfutho wegazi kanye nokusekela ukusebenza kwezitho.
- Ama-Vasopressors: Ezimweni lapho uketshezi lulodwa lunganele ukuzinzisa umfutho wegazi, ama-vasopressors afana ne-norepinephrine angase anikezwe.
- Ukulawula Umthombo: Lokhu kuhilela ukubhekana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ezikhona emgudwini womchamo ezingase zidale noma zibhebhethekise ukutheleleka. Isibonelo, i-stent ingase ifakwe ukuze kukhululeke ukuvinjelwa uma kukhona itshe le-urethra.
- Izinyathelo Ezingeziwe Ezisekelayo: Lezi zingabandakanya umoya-mpilo owengeziwe noma, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukushaywa umoya ngemishini ukusiza ukuphefumula.
- I-Corticosteroids: Ezinye iziguli zingase zithole i-corticosteroids uma umfutho wegazi wabo uhlala ungaqiniseki naphezu kokunye ukungenelela.
Uzoyibona Nini Udokotela
Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha:
- Uma usola ukuthi une-UTI
- Uma uhlangabezana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu, uzizwa ushisa futhi uqhaqhazela, noma unezinga lokushisa eliphansi elingaphansi kuka-36°C.
- Uma uzwa ukudideka, ukozela, ubuhlungu ngaphansi kwesisu noma umhlane ngaphansi kwezimbambo, kanye negazi elibonakalayo emchameni wakho.
- Uma kukhona ukuphefumula kanzima, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okubuthakathaka, imfiva nokugodola, noma ukungakwazi ukuchama.
Prevention
Ukuvimbela i-urosepsis kuqala ngokugwema izifo ze-urinary tract (UTIs). Lokhu kuhlanganisa:
- I-Staying Hydrated: Ukuphuza uketshezi oluningi kugcina izicubu zesinye ziphilile futhi kunciphisa umchamo, kwehlisa ukugcwala kwamagciwane esinyeni.
- Imikhuba Efanele Yasekamelweni Lokugezela: Kubalulekile ukukhipha esinyeni sakho njalo, izikhathi ezine kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili ngosuku, ukuze uvimbele amagciwane ukuthi angachumi emchameni omile. Ngemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, sula njalo kusukela ngaphambili ukuya emuva. Lo msebenzi olula ungagwema ukusabalalisa amabhaktheriya kusuka endaweni ye-anal kuya ku-urethra.
- Ukugcina Inhlanzeko Enhle Kubalulekile: Geza noma ugeze nsuku zonke, ugcine isitho sangasese sihlanzekile futhi somile. Ukushintsha njalo kuyadingeka kubantu abasebenzisa amaphedi okungakwazi ukuzibamba ukuvimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane.
- Umsebenzi Wocansi: Ukuze unciphise le ngozi, khipha umchamo ngokushesha ngemva kokuya ocansini ukuze ukhiphe noma yimaphi amagciwane okungenzeka angenile ku-urethra. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukugeza isitho sangasese ngaphambi nangemuva kokuya ocansini.
- Izinguquko Zokudla: Ukudla kwemifino kuye kwaxhunyaniswa nengozi ephansi yokuthuthukisa i-UTIs, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane.
Isiphetho
Ukunakekela impilo yakho yomchamo kuyisihluthulelo sokugwema i-urosepsis. Izinyathelo ezilula njengokuphuza amanzi amaningi, ukuzijwayeza inhlanzeko, nokubona udokotela lapho ubona izimpawu ze-UTI kungenza umehluko omkhulu. Ngokuthatha lezi zinyathelo zokuphepha futhi uqaphele izingozi ezingaba khona, ungazivikela wena nobathandayo kulesi simo esingaba yingozi.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
1. Ivame kangakanani i-urosepsis?
I-Urosepsis iyinkinga enkulu yezempilo, ibalwa ku-9-31% wazo zonke izimo ze-sepsis. Njengoba umuntu ekhula, izigameko ze-urosepsis zingase zikhuphuke. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe ama-25% amacala e-sepsis avela emgudwini we-urogenital. Nakuba i-urosepsis ingathinta noma ubani, ivame kakhulu emadodeni kunabesifazane.
2. Iphenduka kanjani i-UTI ibe urosepsis?
Ukutheleleka kwe-Urinary tract (UTIs) kungaphenduka i-urosepsis uma ingelashwa noma ingelashwa ngendlela efanele. Isifo ngokuvamile siqala emgudwini ophansi womchamo futhi sidlulele ezinso. Ukusuka lapho, ukutheleleka kungangena egazini, kubangele impendulo yesistimu.
3. Yiziphi izigaba ezintathu ze-urosepsis?
I-Urosepsis iqhubeka ngezigaba ezintathu:
- I-Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS): Lesi sigaba sokuqala sibonakala ngokushisa komzimba okuphezulu noma okuphansi, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, nokwenyuka kwezinga lokuphefumula.
- I-Severe Sepsis: Lesi sigaba sihilela ukungasebenzi kahle kwezitho zomzimba, njengokuncipha kokuphuma komchamo, ukushintsha okungazelelwe kwesimo sengqondo, noma ukuphefumula kanzima.
- I-Septic Shock: Isiteji esinzima kakhulu, esimakwa ngokwehla okukhulu komfutho wegazi naphezu kokuvuselela uketshezi, okuholela ekungasebenzini kwesitho.
4. Ingabe i-urosepsis iyelapheka?
I-Urosepsis iyelapheka, kodwa ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi nokwelashwa okuphuthumayo kubalulekile. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, iziguli eziningi ziyalulama.
5. Ingabe i-urosepsis ingelashwa ekhaya?
I-Urosepsis idinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha esibhedlela futhi ayikwazi ukwelashwa ekhaya. Kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esidinga imithi elwa namagciwane efakwa emthanjeni, ukuvuselela uketshezi, nokuqapha ngokucophelela.
6. Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukwelashwa kwe-urosepsis?
Isikhathi sokwelashwa kwe-urosepsis ngokuvamile sisukela ezinsukwini eziyi-10 kuye kweziyi-14. Kodwa-ke, ezimeni lapho iziguli zibonisa ukusabela okubambezelekile ekwelashweni, lesi sikhathi singanwetshwa sibe yizinsuku ezingama-21.
7. Ingabe i-urosepsis ibuhlungu?
I-Urosepsis ingabangela ukungakhululeki okukhulu. Abantu bavame ukuzwa ubuhlungu ngaphansi kwesisu noma endaweni evulekile. Ezinye izimpawu zihlanganisa imfiva, ukugodola, nobuhlungu obujwayelekile bomzimba. Ubukhulu bobuhlungu bungahluka futhi buncike ezingeni lokutheleleka kanye nezici zomuntu ngamunye.
8. Ingabe i-urosepsis ingabangela ukulimala kwezinso?
Yebo, i-urosepsis ingaholela ekulimaleni kwezinso. Njengoba ukutheleleka kusakazekela ezinsweni, kungabangela ukuvuvukala nokulimala kwezicubu. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, lokhu kungaholela ekulimaleni okukhulu kwezinso noma ngisho nokungasebenzi kahle kwezinso isikhathi eside.
+91 406 810 6585
