Isibhedlela esihamba phambili se-Nephrology/ sezinso e-Indore
Ngaphakathi kwezokwelapha zangaphakathi, i-nephrology iyi-subspeciality enikezelwe ekuxilongeni nasekwelapheni izifo ezihlobene nezinso nezifo. Ngaphandle kokulawula uketshezi olungena emzimbeni kanye nokugcina ukugcwala kwe-electrolyte, izinso zisiza ukuqeda udoti noketshezi oluthe xaxa emzimbeni. Izinkinga zezinso azikwazi nje ukuthikameza isitho ngokwaso kodwa futhi zidinga ukwelashwa okukhethekile nokuphathwa. Njengoba Isibhedlela Esingcono Kakhulu Se-Nephrology/ Sezinso e-Indore, Izibhedlela ze-CARE zinikeza ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinkinga ezivamile neziyinkimbinkimbi ezihlobene nezinso ngokusebenza kahle okukhulu.
Izifo Ezilashwa Ngaphansi Kwe-Nephrology
I-Nephrology ibhekana nokuphathwa kokusebenza kwezinso ngokwelapha izimo ezithiya izinqubo zayo. Izimo eziningi ziwela ngaphansi kokunakekelwa kwe-Nephrology. Njengoba siyisibhedlela esikhethekile sezinso e-Indore, amasevisi ethu afaka phakathi izinhlobonhlobo zokwelapha izifo ezilandelayo ezihlobene nezinso:
- Amatshe ezinso: Amatshe ezinso ayizinsongo zomchamo ocwebezelayo okuthi, lapho udlula umgudu womchamo ngesikhathi sokuchama, unganikeza ukuzwa okubuhlungu.
- I-Pyelonephritis: Isifo sokuvuvukala kwezinso esibangelwa ukutheleleka kwe-urinary tract infection (UTI), kanye nesifo sezinso.
- I-Glomerulonephritis: Isifo esithinta amangqamuzana ezinso e-glomeruli, aphethe ukuqeda udoti oyingozi kanye noketshezi oluthe xaxa egazini.
- I-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Lesi yisifo sokuvuvukala, esibangela ukuvuvukala ezinso, ngakho-ke i-lupus nephritis yisimo esibathintayo.
- I-Hypertension: Isifo esibizwa nge-hypertension sibonakala ngomfutho wegazi ophezulu, lapho imithambo yomzimba ihlale ihlushwa ukugeleza kwegazi okuqinile ezindongeni zayo. Izitho eziningi nezingxenye zomzimba zithinteka ngendlela ehlukile ngenxa yomfutho wegazi ophakeme. Phakathi kwezitho ezithinteka kakhulu izinso, ezingase zidale ukuhluleka kwezinso okukhulu nesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona.
- Izinkinga ze-Electrolyte: Ukungalingani kwama-electrolyte, njengamaminerali egazini, kungase kube yingozi kwezinye izitho ezibalulekile zomzimba. Izinkinga ezinjalo ze-electrolyte ezibangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinso zingase zibe nomthelela ngisho nasebuchosheni.
- Isifo sezinso sikashukela: Isifo sikashukela esingahloliwe singabangela ukuphazamiseka kwezinso okungapheli futhi ekugcineni ukungasebenzi kwezinso ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Umphumela ovamile wesifo sikashukela esingalawulwa kahle, isifo sikashukela singadala ukulimala kwezinso nomfutho wegazi ophakeme.
- Ukuhluleka kwezinso: Ngezinye izikhathi kwaziwa ngokuthi ukwehluleka kwezinso. Lesi yisifo lapho izinso zilahlekelwa amandla azo okuhlunga udoti egazini.
- Umdlavuza Wezinso: Lena inkimbinkimbi yokuthuthukiswa kwamangqamuzana ezinso ezicutshini zezinso akha inqwaba eyingozi eyaziwa ngokuthi ithumba.
Ukwelashwa Okuthuthukile Ngaphansi Komnyango We-Nephrology
Izikhungo zezokwelapha zesimanje e-CARE CHL Hospitals, e-Indore, zinika amandla ukuhlinzekwa okungenamthungo kokwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi ezigulini ezihlushwa izifo ezihlukahlukene ze-nephrological. Umnyango We-Nephrology unikeza lezi zinsizakalo ezilandelayo ezithuthukile, okuwenza ube isibhedlela esingcono kakhulu sokuhlanza izinso e-Indore.
- Ukwelapha Okuqhubekayo Kokubuyisela Izinso (CRRT): Le nqubo idonsa igazi emzimbeni, ilimpompe ngezihlungi, bese ilibuyisela. Iziguli ezigula kakhulu ezidinga udoti oqhubekayo nokuqoqwa kwamanzi kanye nokugcwaliswa kabusha zinikezwa I-Continuous Renal replenishment Therapy (CRRT), egwema i-hypotension ebangelwa izinga eliphezulu le-metabolic ngesikhathi senqubo yokuphulukisa.
- I-Peritoneal Dialysis (CPD): Le nqubo ihlanganisa ukwethulwa emgodini we-peritoneal noma wesisu uketshezi oluthile olwaziwa nge-dialysate nge-catheter. Ebizwa ngokuthi "isikhathi sokuhlala," i-dialysate ihlala emgodini amahora amane kuya kwayisithupha. I-dialysate ibe isikhishwa ngemva kokuhlungwa okuphumelelayo kwemfucuza, amakhemikhali, noketshezi olunqwabelene egazini. I-Peritoneal dialysis ngokuvamile iqukethe izinhlobo ezimbili:
- I-Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) – Le ndlela incike kumandla adonsela phansi ukuze kube lula ukunyakaza kwe-dialysate ehlungiwe nge-catheter, iyenze ikwazi ukungena nokuphuma esiswini sesiguli.
- I-Continuous Cycling Peritoneal Dialysis (CCPD) - Idivayisi ezenzakalelayo eyaziwa ngokuthi i-automated cycler ingenza i-peritoneal dialysis ngenkathi isiguli silele. Ebusuku, i-dialysate ifakwa esiswini futhi ishiywe endaweni ubusuku bonke.
- I-Plasma Dialysis (i-Plasmapheresis): Lena inqubo yokukhipha i-plasma egazini, ngokuvamile ukuze kusetshenziswe ukuzuza i-plasma yokunikela. Ingase futhi isetshenziselwe ukushintshanisa i-plasma, lapho umshini ushintsha i-plasma yegazi lesiguli usebenzisa i-plasmapheresis ngomunye uketshezi oluthatha indawo. Ukusiza abantu ukuthi balulame ekuhlinzweni kokufakelwa izitho zomzimba kungavela ku-plasmapheresis.
- I-Haemodialysis: I-Hemodialysis iyindlela yochwepheshe esetshenziswa ukuze kukhishwe ngokwenziwa imfucuza eyengeziwe, uketshezi, namakhemikhali egazini, kuhluzwe, bese kuphinda kubuyiselwe igazi elihlanzekile ohlelweni. Ukusebenzisa i-catheter—engase ibekwe emilenzeni, ezingalweni, noma entanyeni—le nqubo ibuyisela igazi elihlungiwe emzimbeni. Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa kusetshenziswa umshini wezinso zokwenziwa, kwesinye isikhathi obizwa ngokuthi i-hemodialyzer. Iziguli ezinokwehluleka kwezinso kwesigaba sokugcina—lapho sezilahlekelwe ukusebenza kwezinso zazo ngo-85-90%—ngokuvamile ziyelulekwa ukuba zenze i-haemodialysis.
- Ukufakelwa Kwezinso: Ukufakelwa kwezinso wukuhlinzwa lapho kukhishwa khona izinso eyodwa noma zombili bese kushintshwa izinso ezifanele zomnikeli ophilayo noma we-cadaveric. Ukufakelwa kabusha kungase kudinge ingxenye noma ukushintshwa kwezinso zonke.
Izimpumelelo
Ehamba phambili ekunakekelweni kwezinso, uMnyango We-Nephrology we-CARE CHL Hospitals, e-Indore, weqe izindinganiso ezimbalwa kulo mkhakha.
- Sinikeza ukwelashwa okuthuthukisiwe nokuqonda okuqondile, lesi sibhedlela saqashelwa njengesikhungo esivelele sezifo eziyinkimbinkimbi zezinso enkabeni yeNdiya.
- Isibhedlela senze uhlelo oluphelele oluhlanganisa kokubili ukuvimbela kanye nokungenelela ezifweni ezihlobene nezinso, ngakho-ke kusiza izidingo ezithile zabantu.
- Lezi zinzuzo eziphawulekayo zibonisa ukuthi i-CARE Hospital sizibophezele kangakanani ekusizeni iziguli ezidinga izinqubo ze-nephrology ezisezingeni lokuqala, sithole idumela lesibhedlela esingcono kakhulu sokwelapha ukwehluleka kwezinso.
Esinye sezikhungo zezokwelapha zesimanje zokuphazamiseka okuhlobene nezinso ezigulini zezingane kanye nabantu abadala abahlukunyezwa yizifo zezinso ezinzima nezingamahlalakhona uMnyango Wezempilo e-Indore e-CARE CHL Hospitals. Iqembu lethu lodokotela be-nephrologists linconywa kakhulu ngamakhono abo omtholampilo abalulekile, ahlinzeka ngokwelashwa kozwela ngolwazi olusezingeni lomhlaba. Ngezindlela ezimbalwa ezingahlaseli nezingangeneleli kancane, thina, njengesibhedlela sokwelapha isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona, siqhubeka nokwelapha nokuphatha iziguli ezinezinkinga zezinso.
