I-Abiraterone

I-Abiraterone

I-Abiraterone ime njengemuthi obalulekile ekwelapheni okuthuthukile umdlavuza wendlala. Odokotela bavame ukunikeza amaphilisi e-abiraterone njengengxenye yohlelo lokwelapha olubanzi lweziguli ezinomdlavuza wendlala yesinye. Iziguli ezithatha i-abiraterone zidinga ukuqonda ukusetshenziswa kwayo okufanele, umthamo, kanye nemiphumela engaba khona. Umuthi usebenza ngendlela ehlukile kuneyendabuko imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali izidakamizwa futhi idinga imihlahlandlela ethile yokuphatha. Lesi sihloko sihlanganisa yonke into kusukela ekusetshenzisweni kwe-abiraterone kanye nomthamo ofanele emiphumeleni engemihle engase ibe khona kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha ezidingekayo, ukusiza iziguli zenze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nohambo lwazo lokwelashwa.

Iyini i-Abiraterone?

I-Abiraterone umuthi okhethekile ohlukaniswa njenge-androgen biosynthesis inhibitor, ethuthukiswe ngokucacile ukwelapha umdlavuza wendlala yesinye oye wabonakala kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Lo muthi usebenza ngendlela ehlukile ekwelashweni komdlavuza wendabuko ngokukhomba ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni emzimbeni.

Ngokuvamile kunikezwa ngokuhlangana nezinye izidakamizwa, njenge prednisone or imethylprednisolone, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwayo ekwelapheni umdlavuza wendlala yesinye.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-abiraterone kumelela inqubekelaphambili ebalulekile ekwelashweni komdlavuza wendlala yesinye, njengoba kunikeza inketho ezigulini ezinomdlavuza ongazange usabele noma oye wathuthuka naphezu kokwelashwa kwe-hormone yendabuko. Odokotela banquma ngokucophelela lo muthi ngokusekelwe ezimweni ezithile zesiguli kanye nezidingo zokwelashwa.

Ukusetshenziswa kwethebulethi ye-Abiraterone

Okulandelayo ezinye ezivamile abiraterone 250 mg ukusetshenziswa:

• Ukwelashwa kwe-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) kuhlanganiswe ne-methylprednisolone
• Ukuphathwa kwe-metastatic high-risk castration-sensitive cancer cancer (CSPC) nge-prednisone
• Ukwelashwa kweziguli ezinezimpawu ezithambile ngemuva kokuhluleka kwe-androgen deprivation therapy
• Ukunakekela iziguli ezinesifo esithuthukile naphezu kwe-docetaxel-based chemotherapy
• Ukwelashwa kweziguli ezisanda kutholwa uma kuhlanganiswa ne-prednisolone kanye ne-androgen deprivation therapy

Indlela yokusebenzisa i-Abiraterone Tablet

Ukuphathwa ngendlela efanele kwamaphilisi e-abiraterone kudinga ukunakwa ngokucophelela eziqondisweni ezithile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle okukhulu. Ukuphathwa okufanele kwe-abiraterone kuhilela izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:

• Thatha amaphilisi kanye ngosuku njengomthamo owodwa
• Ukugwinya amaphilisi wonke ngamanzi
• Thatha esiswini esingenalutho
• Gcina igebe lamahora angu-2 ngaphambi kokudla
• Linda ihora eli-1 ngemuva kokuthatha ngaphambi kokudla ukudla
• Ungalokothi uchofoze noma uhlafune amaphilisi
• Thatha i-prednisone enqunyiwe njengoba kuyalelwe
• Qhubeka nokwelashwa okunqunyiwe kwama-hormone
• Thatha i-abiraterone ngesikhathi esifanayo usuku ngalunye ukuze usungule isimiso
• Iziguli akufanele neze ziguqule umthamo wazo noma ziyeke ukuthatha i-abiraterone ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wazo. Ukuphuza umuthi ngokudla kungaba nomthelela ekutheni ungakanani umuthi owumunca umzimba, okungase kuholele emiphumeleni engathandeki engadingeki.

Ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kwesikhathi eside, iziguli zingase zikuthole kuwusizo ukugcina idayari yemithi futhi uxhumane namalungu omndeni noma abanakekeli ukusiza ukulandelela imithamo. 

Imiphumela Emibi ye-Abiraterone Tablet

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-abiraterone ingabangela imiphumela emibi ehlukahlukene iziguli ezidinga ukuyiqapha ngokucophelela. 

• Imiphumela Emibi Evamile:
  • Ukuvuvukala kwamalunga kanye nobuhlungu
  • Ukushisa okushisayo
  • Izinkinga zokugaya ukudla (isilungulela, isifo sohudo)
  • Ukukhathala nokubuthakathaka
  • Ukukhwehlela kanye nezifo zokuphefumula
  • Ukuphathwa yikhanda
  • Ukungakhululeki kwemisipha
• Imiphumela Emibi Kakhulu:
  • ezinzima isiyezi
  • Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo
  • Izinguquko ku ukushaya kwegazi
  • Ukungalungi kwesigqi senhliziyo
  • I-nasusea enzima noma ukuhlanza
  • Ukukhathala okungajwayelekile
  • Umchamo onombala omnyama
  • Ukuchama kabuhlungu
  • Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze noma ezinyaweni
  • Ukuzuza ngokushesha kwesisindo
  • ubuhlungu besifuba noma ubunzima bokuphefumula

Ukuqapha

Odokotela basungula izinqubo zokuqapha ezithile ukuze baqinisekise imiphumela yokwelashwa ephephile nephumelelayo kuyilapho benciphisa izingozi ezingaba khona.

• Izidingo Ezibalulekile Zokuqapha:
  • Izilinganiso zomfutho wegazi njalo ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokwelashwa
  • Ukuhlola ukusebenza kwesibindi njalo, ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala
  • Ukuhlaziywa kwegazi nomchamo ukuhlola imiphumela engadingeki
  • Ukuqapha izinga le-potassium
  • Izinga likashukela egazini lihlola, ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela
• Ukukhulelwa: Abesifazane abakhulelwe noma angase akhulelwe akufanele aphathe amaphilisi e-abiraterone ngaphandle kwamagilavu ​​okuvikela ngenxa yezingozi ezingase zibe khona ku-fetus. 
• Izinyathelo Zokuvimbela Inzalo: Amadoda asebenzisa i-abiraterone kufanele asebenzise ukuvimbela inzalo okuphumelelayo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kanye namasonto amathathu ngemva komthamo wokugcina we-abiraterone.
• Isimo Sezempilo: Iziguli kufanele zazise odokotela bazo ngomlando wazo wezokwelapha ophelele, ikakhulukazi mayelana nezinkinga zenhliziyo, izimo zesibindi, noma ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwangaphambilini. Labo abanesifo sikashukela badinga ukunakwa okukhethekile njengoba i-abiraterone ingase ithinte amazinga kashukela egazini.
• Imikhawulo Ebalulekile:
  • Akusetshenziswa ukudla amahora amabili ngaphambi nangehora elilodwa ngemuva kokuphuza umuthi
  • Akukho ukuphazamiseka kokwelashwa ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela
  • Gwema imithi ethile, kuhlanganise nemikhiqizo ethengwayo, ngaphandle uma igunyazwe odokotela
  • Khawulela izithasiselo zemithi ezithile ezingase zihlanganyele nokwelashwa

Isebenza kanjani ithebhulethi ye-Abiraterone

I-Abiraterone isebenza njenge-inhibitor ekhethiwe ye-enzyme ebizwa ngokuthi i-CYP17, edlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni ama-hormone. Uma usungenile, isibindi siguqula i-abiraterone i-acetate ibe ifomu layo elisebenzayo, elivumela ukuthi lisebenze ngokuphumelelayo emzimbeni. Le nqubo yokuguqula yenza ukuthi imithi ifinyelele amandla ayo aphelele ekuvimbeleni ukukhiqizwa kwe-testosterone.

Ikhono eliyingqayizivele lomuthi lisekhonweni layo lokuvimba ukukhiqizwa kwe-testosterone emithonjeni emithathu ehlukene:

• Amasende
• Izindlala ze-adrenal
• I-prostate tumor ngokwayo

Lesi senzo sokuvimbela esibanzi senza i-abiraterone iphumelele ikakhulukazi ekwelapheni umdlavuza wendlala yesinye. Umuthi uvimbela amangqamuzana omdlavuza ekukhiqizeni i-testosterone yawo, ebingabhebhethekisa ukukhula kwesimila. Ngokuqondisa i-enzyme ye-CYP17, i-abiraterone imisa ukukhiqizwa kwezandulela ze-testosterone, inqamule ngempumelelo ukunikezwa kukaphethiloli okudingeka amaseli omdlavuza ukuze akhule.

Ngingakwazi Ukuthatha i-Abiraterone Ngeminye Imithi?

Amarekhodi ezokwelapha abonisa ukuthi i-abiraterone isebenzisana nemithi eminingi ehlukene, okuhlanganisa:  

• Ukucatshangelwa kokudla kanye nesikhathi: Iziguli kufanele zilandele imihlahlandlela ethile yesikhathi lapho zithatha i-abiraterone. Umuthi kufanele uphuzwe esiswini esingenalutho, njengoba ukudla kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekutheni umzimba uwumunca kanjani umuthi. 
• Ukusebenzisana Kwemithi: Imithi eminingana evamile idinga ukunakwa okukhethekile lapho ithathwa ne-abiraterone. Lokhu kubandakanya:
  • Ama-Anticoagulants afana ne-apixaban
  • Imithi ye-Antiseizure, njenge i-carbamazepine futhi mthombeni 
  • Igazi elincane
  • Imithi ethile yenhliziyo 
  • Igazi elincane
  • Izithako zemithi njenge-St. John's Wort
  • I-Radium Ra 223

Iziguli kufanele zigcine uhlu olubuyekeziwe lwayo yonke imithi yazo, okuhlanganisa amavithamini nezithako zokudla, futhi zabelane ngalolu lwazi nethimba lazo lezempilo. Noma yiziphi izinguquko ezinhlotsheni zemithi kufanele zenzeke kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondisa kodokotela.

Ulwazi Lomthamo

Odokotela banquma umthamo ofanele ngokucabangela izici eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukusebenza kwesibindi sesiguli kanye nemithi esetshenziswa kanyekanye.

Izimfuneko Zomthamo Ojwayelekile: