Amoxicillin

Amoxicillin

I-Amoxicillin iyi-antibiotic esekelwe ku-penicillin (i-amino-penicillin) esiza ukulwa nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ingenye yemithi elwa namagciwane esetshenziswa kakhulu endaweni yokunakekelwa okuyinhloko futhi isebenza ngokumelene nezinhlobonhlobo zamabhaktheriya egram-positive kanye namanye amagciwane egram-negative.

Isebenza kuphela ngokumelene nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane hhayi izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ngokuvamile kunqunyelwe iziguli ezinezifo zesifuba noma izifo zendlebe. I-Amoxicillin akuwona umuthi othengwa kakhulu futhi ungathengwa kuphela ngencwadi kadokotela.

Isebenza kanjani i-Amoxicillin?

I-Amoxicillin yenza imiphumela yayo ngokuvimbela ukusebenza kwamaphampu e-proton olwelweni lwesisu. Amaphampu e-proton anesibopho sokukhiqizwa kwe-asidi yesisu. Ngokuvimba la maphampu, iRabeprazole yehlisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-asidi, okuholela ekwehleni kwamazinga e-asidi esiswini.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Amoxicillin

I-Amoxicillin ingasetshenziswa ngudokotela ukwelapha izimo ezilandelayo:

• I-Bacterial Pharyngitis

• I-sinusitis yebhaktheriya

• I-Bronchiectasis

• I-bronchitis - i-tonsillitis

• Izifo Zesifuba (isb. Inyumoniya)

• Amathumba Amazinyo

• Izifo zendlebe njenge-Otitis Media

• I-Helicobacter Pylori Infection

• Isifo seLyme

• Izifo Ekhaleni

• Ukutheleleka Kwesikhumba

• Izilonda zesisu/Amathumbu

• Izifo zomchamo 

Ungayithatha kanjani futhi nini?

I-Amoxicillin itholakala njengomuthi ophuzwayo ngendlela yamaphilisi, amaphilisi ancibilikayo, amasaka ayimpuphu nomuthi owuketshezi. Imijovo ye-Amoxicillin nayo iyatholakala. 

 Udokotela angase anikeze izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-Amoxicillin ngokuya ngokutheleleka kanye nesimo sesiguli. Nawa amaphuzu ambalwa abalulekile okufanele uwaqaphele mayelana ne-amoxicillin:

1. Njalo funda ipheshana eliza nomuthi ukuze uqonde imininingwane yawo. Ukuze uthole imithi ewuketshezi yezingane, landela umthamo. Funda imiyalelo ngokucophelela. Imithi yoketshezi oluphuzwayo kufanele inyakaziswe kahle ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.

2. Amaphilisi omlomo angagwinywa ngamanzi athile. Iyatholakala futhi njengamaphilisi ahlafunwayo.

3. Uma udokotela enqume ama-sachets ayimpuphu, kufanele ahlakazwe ngo-10-20 ml (noma ngokwemiyalelo yephakheji) futhi athathwe ngokushesha.

4. Kufanele kuthathwe ngokungcono nokudla.

5. I-Amoxicillin ivame ukunqunywa ngokuya ngesisindo somzimba

6. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthatha imithamo enqunyiwe ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke. Imithamo kufanele ihlukaniswe ngokulinganayo usuku lonke. Kufanele kube nesikhawu esincane samahora angu-4 phakathi nendawo.

7. Phuza uketshezi oluningi lapho usebenzisa i-Amoxicillin.

8. Ngisho noma ukutheleleka kubonakala kuncipha, qedela inkambo yokwelashwa ephelele enqunywe udokotela. Ukumisa imithi kusenesikhathi kungase kubangele ukuthi amagciwane akhule kabusha.

9. Labo abangezwani ne-penicillin nanoma yimuphi omunye umuthi wokulwa ne-penicillin akufanele nanini baphuze i-amoxicillin. Ngakho-ke, hlala wazisa udokotela wakho uma une-allergies.  

Yimiphi imiphumela emibi ye-Amoxicillin?

Yonke imithi ingaba nemiphumela ethile engemihle, nakuba kungesibo bonke abayitholayo. Imiphumela emibi emincane ehlobene nokusetshenziswa kwe-amoxicillin imi kanje:

• Amabhamuza esikhumbeni

• Ikhala elinegazi

• Izinhlungu zomzimba

• Izinkinga zokuphuza

• Ubuhlungu besifuba

• Uhudo

• isiyezi

• Fever

• bekhanda

• Ubuthakathaka noma ukukhathala

• Amehlo abomvu

• Ukuphelelwa umoya

• Ukukhwabanisa isikhumba

• Ukuvuvuka

• Izinkinga zokuchama

• Ukutheleleka kwemvubelo yesitho sangasese sowesifazane

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ehlobene nokusetshenziswa kwe-amoxicillin ukungezwani komzimba njengokuluma noma ukuvuvukala kobuso; indle enegazi, indle ephaphathekile noma umchamo omnyama; ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo; ukuhlukunyezwa, Njll

Akuwona wonke umuntu obhekana nemiphumela engemihle uma usebenzisa i-amoxicillin, futhi iziguli ezihlukene zingabonisa imiphumela engemihle ehlukene. Uma uzwa umphumela ongathandeki ongathi sína ongasuki ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, thintana nomhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha.

Singakwazi ukuthatha i-Amoxicillin nsuku zonke?

Ngokuvamile, uzosebenzisa i-rabeprazole kanye ngosuku, ngemva nje kokuvuka kwakho. Uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi uyiphuze kabili ngosuku, thatha umthamo owodwa ekuseni futhi owodwa kusihlwa. Kungumqondo omuhle ukuthatha i-rabeprazole ngaphambi kokuthi udle. Geza amaphilisi akho aphelele ngamanzi noma isikwashi.

Yiziphi izinyathelo zokuphepha okufanele zithathwe ngenkathi usebenzisa i-Amoxicillin?

Ngaphambi kokuthatha i-amoxicillin, yazisa udokotela wakho uma:

1. Awuzwani nama-antibiotic e-penicillin noma ama-cephalosporin antibiotics.

2. Okwamanje uhlushwa noma ube nezimo zezempilo ezilandelayo:

• Amagciwane 
• Asthma
• Imfiva ethimulisayo
• I-Hives
• Isifo sezinso
• I-Mononucleosis  
• I-Phenylketonuria (PKU)

3. Mayelana nanoma yimiphi imithi ongase uyiphuze okwamanje kuhlanganise amavithamini nama-herbal supplements.

4. Ukhulelwe noma uncelisa.

Kuthiwani uma weqiwe umthamo?

Uma kwenzeka weqiwe umthamo, kufanele uwuphuze ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula. Kodwa-ke, uma kuyisikhathi sethamo elilandelayo, yeqa umthamo ogejiwe. Kunoma yikuphi, ungathathi imithamo emibili ndawonye ukuze ulinganise umthamo ogejiwe. Zama ukuqedela umthamo udokotela wakho awunqumele usuku, ugcine okungenani isikhawu samahora angu-4 phakathi kwemithamo. 

Kuthiwani uma weqise?

Izimpawu ze-overdose zingabandakanya ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo esibi, ukwehla komchamo, ngisho nokuquleka. Uma kwenzeka weqile, phuthuma esibhedlela esiseduze. Hamba nephakheji yomuthi noma ibhodlela, noma lingenalutho.

Yiziphi izimo zokugcina i-Amoxicillin?

I-Amoxicillin kufanele igcinwe endaweni efudumele (10-30 degrees Celsius) kude nomswakama nokukhanya kwelanga. Kufanele igcinwe lapho izingane zingafinyeleleki khona. Ingagcinwa, okungcono kakhulu esiqandisini (izinga lokushisa ekamelweni), kodwa hhayi efrijini. Imithi ewuketshezi engasetshenzisiwe kufanele ilahlwe zingakapheli izinsuku eziyi-14.

Sibhekana kanjani nemiphumela emibi ye-Amoxicillin?

Ukubhekana nemiphumela emibi ye-amoxicillin kungahluka kuye ngezimpawu ezithile ezitholakalayo. Nawa amanye amathiphu okuphatha imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ehambisana ne-amoxicillin:

• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza:
  • Thatha i-amoxicillin ngokudla ukusiza ukunciphisa ukucasuka kwesisu.
  • Gwema ukudla okubabayo, okunamafutha, noma okunzima okungase kubhebhethekise isicanucanu.
  • Hlala uhlanzekile ngokuphuza uketshezi oluningi usuku lonke.
  • Uma isicanucanu siqhubeka, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nemithi elwa nesicanucanu okungenzeka kuphephile ukuyisebenzisa kanye ne-amoxicillin.
• Uhudo:
  • Yidla ukudla okunothe ngama-probiotic njengeyogathi noma uthathe izithasiselo ze-probiotic ukuze ubuyisele amagciwane anempilo amathumbu.
  • Hlala uhlanzekile ngokuphuza uketshezi olucacile njengamanzi, itiye le-herbal, noma izixazululo ze-electrolyte.
  • Gwema imikhiqizo yobisi, ukudla okunamafutha, nokudla okunefiber ephezulu kuze kube yilapho isifo sohudo siphela.
  • Yazisa udokotela wakho uma isifo sohudo sinzima, siqhubeka, noma sinegazi noma amafinyila.
• Ukusabela Okuguquguqukayo (isb., Ukuqubuka, Ukuluma):
  • Thola usizo lwezempilo ngokushesha uma uthola izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba njengokuqubuka, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala, noma ukuphefumula kanzima.
  • Yekisa i-amoxicillin futhi ungayisebenzisi futhi uma uke waba nokungezwani nayo esikhathini esidlule.
  • Udokotela wakho angase akunikeze ama-antihistamine noma ama-steroids ukuphatha izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.
• Izifo ze-Yeast (isb., I-Oral Thrush, I-Vaginal Yeast Infections):
  • Zijwayeze ukuhlanzeka komlomo, njengokuxubha amazinyo akho kabili nsuku zonke nokusebenzisa isiwashi somlomo esilwa nesikhunta uma uyalwe udokotela wamazinyo.
  • Ngezifo ze-yeast ye-vaginal, ama-creams antifungal noma ama-suppositories angasiza. Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yikuphi ukwelashwa.
  • Gwema ukugqoka izingubo ezimpintshayo futhi ugcine indawo ethintekile ihlanzekile futhi yomile.

Ukuqapha nezinye izidakamizwa

I-Amoxicillin akufanele ithathwe nezidakamizwa ezilandelayo:

• I-Allopurinol

• Ama-anticoagulants noma anciphisa igazi

• I-chloramphenicol

• Izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo ngomlomo

• Ama-Macrolides 

• I-Probenecid

• AmaSulfonamides

• I-Tetracycline

Ungathintana nodokotela uma kudingekile ukuthatha le mithi noma eminye i-Amoxicillin. Bazokunikeza enye indlela.

Ithebhulethi izokhombisa ngokushesha kangakanani imiphumela? 

I-Amoxicillin iyi-antibiotic esebenza ngokushesha. Iqala ukusebenza ngokushesha nje lapho ingena emzimbeni futhi ingadambisa izimpawu ngemuva kwamahora angama-72. Kodwa-ke, isenzo saso siyancipha ngemva kwamahora ambalwa okuphuza futhi yingakho odokotela bebeka imithamo eminingi phakathi nosuku.

Ingabe kuphephile ukuthatha i-amoxicillin ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye Nokuncelisa?

Yebo, i-amoxicillin iphephile ukuthi ingathathwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nalapho uncelisa. Odokotela bavame ukuyinikeza ngoba iyasebenza ekwelapheni izifo futhi ibhekwa njengengozi ephansi yokulimaza ingane. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale uthintana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokuthatha noma yimiphi imithi ngesikhathi ukhulelwe noma ngenkathi uncelisa ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ikufanele wena nempilo yengane yakho.

Umthamo we-Amoxicillin

I-Amoxicillin vs Metronidazole

I-Amoxicillin iyi-antibiotic esetshenziswa kakhulu ye-penicillin evame ukunqunywa odokotela ukwelapha izifo eziningi ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ungahlola imininingwane eshiwo ngenhla nge-amoxicillin ngokucophelela uma ngabe unikezwe lo muthi ngudokotela. Ukuqaphela imininingwane kanye nemiphumela emibi yanoma yimuphi umuthi kubalulekile. Noma yimiphi eminye imibuzo ingaxoxwa nomhlinzeki wezempilo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Yiziphi izinhlobo zezifo ezingelapha i-Amoxicillin?

I-Amoxicillin iyasebenza ekulweni nezifo ezahlukahlukene zamagciwane, kufaka phakathi izifo zokuphefumula, izifo ezindlebeni, izifo zesikhumba, izifo zohlelo lomchamo kanye nezifo zamazinyo.

2. Yimiphi imiphumela emibi evamile ye-Amoxicillin?

Imiphumela emibi evamile ingase ihlanganise isicanucanu, isifo sohudo, ubuhlungu besisu, nokuqubuka kwesikhumba.

3. Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi i-Amoxicillin isebenze?

Ungase uqale ukuzizwa ungcono ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokuthatha i-Amoxicillin, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqeda yonke inkambo enqunyiwe ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ukutheleleka kwelashwe ngokugcwele.

4. Ingabe i-Amoxicillin ingadala ukungezwani komzimba?

Yebo, i-Amoxicillin ingadala ukungezwani komzimba kwabanye abantu. Uma uba nezimpawu zokungezwani komzimba, njengokuqubuka, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala, isiyezi esinzima, noma ukuphefumula kanzima, funa usizo lwezempilo ngokushesha.

5. Ingabe i-Amoxicillin ingasetshenziswa ukwelapha izifo zamazinyo?

Yebo, i-Amoxicillin ivame ukunqunywa ukwelapha izifo zamazinyo, njengamathumba ezinyo.

6. Kufanele uphuze isikhathi esingakanani i-amoxicillin?

Ubude besikhathi sokwelashwa kwe-amoxicillin buncike ohlotsheni nobukhulu bokutheleleka. Ngokujwayelekile, inkambo yokwelashwa isukela ezinsukwini eziyi-7 kuye kweziyi-14. Kubalulekile ukuqeda inkambo ephelele yemithi njengoba uyalelwe umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo, ngisho noma uqala ukuzizwa ungcono.

7. Ingabe i-amoxicillin ingakwelapha ukukhwehlela?

I-Amoxicillin iyimithi elwa namagciwane esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, kodwa ayisebenzi ezifweni ezibangelwa amagciwane njengomkhuhlane ovamile noma umkhuhlane, ovame ukubangela ukukhwehlela. Uma ukukhwehlela kwakho kungenxa yokutheleleka kwebhaktheriya njenge-bronchitis noma i-pneumonia, udokotela wakho angase akunikeze i-amoxicillin.

8. Singayisebenzisa yini i-amoxicillin ezinganeni?

Yebo, i-amoxicillin ivamise ukubekelwa izingane ukwelapha izifo ezahlukahlukene zamagciwane, njengezifo ezindlebeni, i-strep throat, kanye nezifo zomgudu womchamo. Umthamo ulungiswa ngokuya ngesisindo somntwana kanye nobukhulu besifo. Ngaso sonke isikhathi landela imiyalelo kadokotela wezingane lapho unikeza izingane i-amoxicillin.

References:

https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a685001.html https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-1531-3295/amoxicillin-oral/amoxicillin-oral/details https://www.drugs.com/amoxicillin.html https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/amoxicillin/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482250/ https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/amoxicillin-oral-route/description/drg-20075356

Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Ulwazi olunikezwe lapha alwenzelwe ukufaka iseluleko esivela kuchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ulwazi aluhloselwe ukumboza konke ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka, imiphumela engemihle, izinyathelo zokuphepha, nokusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa. Lolu lwazi aluhloselwe ukuphakamisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa umuthi othile kufanelekile, kuphephile, noma kuyasebenza wena noma omunye umuntu. Ukungabi bikho kwanoma yiluphi ulwazi noma isexwayiso mayelana nomuthi akufanele kuhunyushwe njengesiqinisekiso esicacile esivela enhlanganweni. Sikweluleka ngokuqinile ukuthi uthintane nodokotela uma kukhona okukukhathazayo ngomuthi futhi ungalokothi usebenzise umuthi ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.