I-Aripiprazole

I-Aripiprazole

I-Aripiprazole, isidakamizwa esisebenza ngezindlela eziningi esilwa nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, isithole ukunakwa ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwayo okubanzi. Lo muthi onamandla uthonya amakhemikhali obuchopho, unikeza ithemba kulabo abanenkinga yokuphazamiseka njenge-schizophrenia, ukucindezeleka kwe-bipolar & ne-depressive disorder enkulu.

Ukusetshenziswa kwethebhulethi ye-Aripiprazole kuhlukene futhi kungenza umehluko wangempela ezimpilweni zabantu. Sizohlola ukuthi uyini lo muthi, usetshenziswa kanjani, kanye nemiphumela yawo engemihle engaba khona. Sizohlola nezinyathelo zokuphepha ezibalulekile, ukuthi zisebenza kanjani emzimbeni, nokuthi ungakwazi yini ukuzithatha neminye imithi. 

Iyini i-Aripiprazole?

I-Aripiprazole umuthi we-atypical antipsychotic. Kungokwesigaba sezidakamizwa ezaziwa ngokuthi ama-antipsychotic esizukulwane sesibili. I-Aripiprazole ithonya amakhemikhali obuchopho ngokusebenza ku-dopamine nama-serotonin receptors. Lo muthi ngokuyinhloko usetshenziselwa ukuphatha i-schizophrenia, i-bipolar disorder, kanye nenkinga enkulu yokucindezeleka. Iphinde ibe nezinkomba zokwelapha ukucasuka okuhambisana ne-autism spectrum disorder kanye ne-Tourette's syndrome. Kungasiza abantu ngabanye ukuba bacabange ngokucacile, bazizwe bengethukile, futhi bahlanganyele ngokukhuthele ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. I-Aripiprazole itholakala ngezindlela ezehlukene, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi omlomo, izixazululo zomlomo, kanye nemijovo emijovo yezidingo ezahlukene zokwelapha.

Ukusetshenziswa kwethebhulethi ye-Aripiprazole

I-Aripiprazole inezinhlobo eziningi zokusetshenziswa ekwelapheni izimo zempilo yengqondo ezahlukahlukene, njenge: 

• Enye yezindlela eziyinhloko ezisetshenziswa ngayo i-aripiprazole ukuphatha i-schizophrenia kubantu abadala kanye nentsha eneminyaka engu-13 nangaphezulu. 
• Umuthi uphinda ube nomthelela ekuphazamisekeni kwe-bipolar, usize ekwelapheni ukuhlanya noma iziqephu ezixubile kubantu abadala nasezinganeni ezisuka eminyakeni eyi-10. 
• Kulabo abanenkinga yokucindezeleka engaphenduli kuma-antidepressants kuphela, odokotela basebenzisa i-aripiprazole njengokwelashwa okungeziwe. 
• I-Aripiprazole inezinkomba zezingane ezineminyaka engu-6 kuya kwengu-17 ezine-autistic disorder, esiza ukulawula ukuziphatha okucasulayo okunjengolaka nokushintshashintsha kwemizwelo. 
• I-Aripiprazole isetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukuphazamiseka kukaTourette ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-6 kuya kwengu-18. Lokhu kusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene kwenza i-aripiprazole ibe inketho eguquguqukayo yokukhathazeka okuhlukahlukene kwezempilo yengqondo.

Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-Aripiprazole Tablet

Ukuze usebenzise amaphilisi e-aripiprazole ngendlela efanele, qala ngokufunda incwadi kadokotela oyinikezwe udokotela wakho. 

• Thatha ithebhulethi ngomlomo, ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla, njengoba uqondiswa udokotela wakho owelaphayo, ngokuvamile kanye ngosuku. Ungakhulisi umthamo wakho noma usebenzise umuthi kaningi kunalokho okushiwo. 
• Geza ithebhulethi yonke ngamanzi. 
• Uma usebenzisa uketshezi oluwuketshezi, kala umthamo ngokucophelela ngomshini wokulinganisa noma ngenkomishi ephawuliwe. 
• Kudingeka ukuthatha i-aripiprazole ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze kugcinwe ukugxila kwayo njalo egazini. 
• Kungase kuthathe amaviki ambalwa ukuze uthole izinzuzo ezigcwele, ngakho qhubeka uyithatha njalo, ngisho noma uzizwa uphilile. 
• Yeka umuthi kuphela ngemva kokubonisana nodokotela wakho, njengoba ezinye izimo zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu lapho uyeka ngokuzumayo. Udokotela wakho angase anciphise kancane kancane umthamo futhi abatshele uma isimo sakho singathuthuki noma sibi kakhulu.

Imiphumela Emibi Yethebhulethi ye-Aripiprazole

I-Aripiprazole ingaba nomthelela ezicini ezahlukahlukene zempilo yakho. Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ye-aripiprazole yile:

• isiyezi
• I-nausea nokuhlanza
• Ukulala 
• Lightheadedness
• ukuqunjelwa
• Ukuphathwa yikhanda
• Umbono ophundlekile
• Inzuzo yesisindo
• Ukukhushulwa kwesheshi

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu, nakuba ingavamile, ihlanganisa:

• Ukushintshashintsha kwemizwa njengokwanda kokukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka
• ukuquleka
• Ukungajwayelekile kokusebenza kwesibindi kanye jaundice
• I-Tardive dyskinesia (ukunyakaza okungajwayelekile, okungalawulwa)
• I-Aripiprazole ingase futhi ithinte amazinga kashukela egazini, okungenzeka abe mabi kakhulu sikashukela. 
• I-Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (engavamile), njengokudideka okukhulu, umkhuhlane, ukuqina kwemisipha noma ubuhlungu, nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
• Yanda imicabango yokuzibulala

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi kakhulu, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. 

Ukuqapha

Lapho uthatha i-aripiprazole, kubalulekile ukuqaphela izinyathelo ezithile zokuphepha, njenge: 

• Ukuqapha: Ukuhlolwa njalo kwezempilo nodokotela wakho kubalulekile ukuze kuqashwe ukuqhubeka kwakho futhi ulungise umthamo uma kudingeka. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo kungase kudingeke ukuze kuhlolwe noma yimiphi imiphumela engadingeki. I-Aripiprazole ingandisa imicabango yokuzibulala kwezinye iziguli, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi ubike noma yimiphi imicabango noma ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile kudokotela wakho ngokushesha. 
• Izimo Zezokwelapha: Yazisa udokotela wakho nganoma imuphi umlando wezokwelapha odlule kanye nokuba khona kwezimo ezifana nesifo sobuchopho, isifo sikashukela, unhlangothi, isifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, izinkinga zesistimu yezinzwa (ezifana nokuquleka, i-NMS, ukuwohloka komqondo), kanye nokuphelelwa umoya.
• Ukozela: Lo muthi ungase ubangele ukozela futhi uthinte ikhono lakho lokushayela noma ukusebenzisa imishini. 
• Abadala: Abantu abadala asebekhulile bazwela kakhulu emiphumeleni emibi yalo muthi, ikakhulukazi isiyezi, ukuquleka, ukozela, kanye ne-tardive dyskinesia.
• Diabetes: I-Aripiprazole ingakhuphula amazinga kashukela egazini, ngakho-ke iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela kufanele ziqaphe i-glucose yazo ngokucophelela. Kungenza futhi kube nzima ngomzimba wakho ukuthi uphole ezimweni ezishisayo.

Kubalulekile ukuthi ungashintshi umthamo noma uyeke ukuphuza umuthi ngaphandle kokubonana nodokotela wakho kuqala.

Isebenza kanjani ithebhulethi ye-Aripiprazole

I-Aripiprazole inendlela eyingqayizivele yokusebenza ebuchosheni. Isebenza njenge-agonist ingxenye ku-dopamine D2 & serotonin 5-HT1A receptors kuyilapho iphikisana kuma-receptors angu-5-HT2A. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingalinganisa amazinga e-dopamine ne-serotonin, okungamakhemikhali athinta indlela esicabanga ngayo, esizizwa ngayo, nesenza ngayo.

I-Aripiprazole inethonya ezindaweni ezihlukene zobuchopho, okuhlanganisa i-nucleus accumbens, indawo ye-ventral tegmental, ne-frontal cortex. Lokhu kusiza ukuphatha izimpawu ezinhle, ezingezinhle, nezingokwengqondo zezimo ezifana ne-schizophrenia. Umuthi udinga izinga eliphezulu lokuhlala kuma-receptors e-D2 ukuze usebenze, okuphakamisa ukuthi unomphumela okhethiwe ezindleleni ezithile zobuchopho.

Ezindaweni ezine-dopamine ephezulu, njenge-mesolimbic pathway, i-aripiprazole isebenza njengomphikisi osebenzayo. Kodwa-ke, ihlala ingasebenzi ezifundeni ezinamazinga ajwayelekile e-dopamine. Lesi senzo esiyingqayizivele sisiza ukunciphisa izimpawu kuyilapho kubangela imiphumela engemihle embalwa uma iqhathaniswa namanye ama-antipsychotic.

Ngingakwazi Ukuthatha I-Aripiprazole Ngeminye Imithi?

I-Aripiprazole ingaxhumana nemithi ehlukahlukene kanye nezithako, njenge: 

• Utshwala
• Izidakamizwa ezilwa nokukhathazeka njenge alprazolam, zolpidem
• Ama-antidepressants afana ne-fluoxetine noma i-paroxetine
• Ama-Antihistamine afana ne-cetrizine, i-diphenhydramine
• I-Carbamazepine 
• Ijusi ye-Grapefruit ne-grapefruit
• I-Metoclopramide
• Iziphumuli zemisipha ezifana ne-carisoprodol, i-cyclobenzaprine
• Ukudambisa izinhlungu ze-opioid njenge-codeine, i-hydrocodone
• John's wort 

Ulwazi Lomthamo

Umthamo we-Aripiprazole uyahlukahluka kuye ngesimo esiphathwayo.

Ku-schizophrenia kubantu abadala, umthamo wokuqala uvame ukuba ngu-10 kuya ku-15 mg kanye ngosuku, kanye nobukhulu obungu-30 mg ngosuku. 

Nge-bipolar disorder, abantu abadala bavame ukuqala ngo-15 mg ngosuku. 

Ngokudangala, umthamo wokuqala uphansi, usuka ku-2 kuye ku-5 mg nsuku zonke, nobukhulu obungu-15 mg. 

Imithamo yezingane ngokuvamile iphansi futhi incike eminyakeni yobudala nesisindo. Isibonelo, ekucasukeni okuhlobene ne-autism, izingane ezineminyaka engu-6 kuya ku-17 zingaqala ngo-2 mg nsuku zonke, kancane kancane zikhule uma kudingeka. 

Kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokunembile, njengoba umthamo ungahluka ngokusekelwe ezintweni ezingazodwana. 

Isiphetho

I-Aripiprazole ithonya ukwelashwa kwezempilo yengqondo, inikeze ithemba kulabo abashikashikana nezimo ezihlukahlukene. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo okuguquguqukayo ekulawuleni i-schizophrenia, i-bipolar disorder, ukucindezeleka nezinye izinkinga zempilo yengqondo kuyenza ibe ithuluzi elibalulekile kwezokwelapha zengqondo. Indlela ehlukile yomuthi esebenza ngayo ebuchosheni isiza ukulinganisa amakhemikhali adingekayo, okungenzeka athuthukise izimpawu kuyilapho kubangela imiphumela engemihle elinganiselwe uma iqhathaniswa namanye ama-antipsychotic.

Nakuba i-aripiprazole ingashintsha umdlalo kwabaningi, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ulwazi lwawo wonke umuntu ngemithi luhlukile, futhi ukuthola uhlelo olufanele lokwelapha kungase kuthathe isikhathi nesineke.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ikuthinta kanjani i-aripiprazole?

I-Aripiprazole inethonya kukhemikhali yobuchopho ngokulinganisa i-dopamine namazinga e-serotonin. Kungasiza ukwehlisa ukubona izinto ezingekho, ukuthuthukisa ukugxilisa ingqondo, nokunciphisa ukukhathazeka. Abanye abantu bangase babe nobuthongo, isiyezi, noma isicanucanu njengemiphumela engemihle.

2. Ingabe i-aripiprazole iphephile?

I-Aripiprazole ngokuvamile iphephile uma isetshenziswa njengoba kushiwo. Nokho, njengayo yonke imithi, ingaba nemiphumela engemihle ehlobene nayo. Ukuhlolwa njalo nodokotela wakho kungaqapha inqubekelaphambili futhi kwenziwe izinguquko zomthamo uma kudingeka.

3. Ingabe i-aripiprazole isetshenziselwa ukukhathazeka?

Nakuba i-aripiprazole ingasetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukukhathazeka, ingasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu zokukhathazeka ezihlobene nezimo ezifana ne-schizophrenia noma i-bipolar disorder. Kudingeka izifundo ezinkulu ukuze kucaciswe ukusebenza kwayo kokukhathazeka ngokukhethekile.

4. Ingabe i-aripiprazole iphephile enhliziyweni?

I-Aripiprazole inengozi ephansi yemiphumela emibi yenhliziyo uma iqhathaniswa namanye ama-antipsychotic. Kodwa-ke, ukwazisa udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izimo zenhliziyo ezivele zikhona ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa kuyadingeka.

5. Kungani uphuza i-aripiprazole ebusuku?

Ukuthatha i-aripiprazole ebusuku kungase kunconywe uma kubangela ukozela. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi umthamo wasekuseni ungaba ngcono empilweni ye-metabolic. Xhumana nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole iseluleko esiqondene nawe.

6. Ingabe i-aripiprazole iyingozi ezinso?

Abukho ubufakazi bokuthi i-aripiprazole izilimaza ngokuqondile izinso. Nokho, ukuqapha ukusebenza kwezinso kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezinezinkinga zezinso esezivele zikhona.

7. Ngingakwazi yini ukuthatha i-aripiprazole nsuku zonke?

Yebo, odokotela bavame ukunikeza i-aripiprazole ukuthi iphuzwe nsuku zonke. Kubalulekile ukugcina uhlelo lokudosa olungaguquki ukuze kusebenze kahle.

8. Ngingakwazi ukuphuza i-aripiprazole ebusuku?

Ungathatha i-aripiprazole ebusuku uma ikwenza ulale noma uma kungenzeka ukhumbule ukuyiphuza ngaleso sikhathi. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase bakhethe ukudosa ekuseni. Xoxa ngesikhathi esingcono kakhulu nodokotela wakho.