I-Atorvastatin

I-Atorvastatin

I-Atorvastatin umuthi kadokotela otholakala ngesimo sethebhulethi yomlomo. Odokotela banquma i-Atorvastatin amazinga e-cholesterol aphansi kubantu abatholakala bene-cholesterol ephezulu. Kanye nemithi, udokotela wakho angase futhi aphakamise izinguquko ekudleni kwakho kanye nesimiso sokuzivocavoca ukuze ulawule amazinga e-cholesterol ngokuphumelelayo.

Lo muthi unqunyelwe futhi ukunciphisa amathuba okuhlaselwa yinhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi. Kungaba yinzuzo kubantu abanesifo senhliziyo esikhona noma labo abasengozini yokuthola izimo ezihlobene nenhliziyo.

I-Atorvastatin ihlukaniswa ngaphansi kweqembu lemithi eyaziwa ngokuthi ama-statins. Indlela yokusebenza kwayo ibandakanya ukwehlisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-cholesterol emzimbeni.

Yiziphi izici zokusetshenziswa kwe-Atorvastatin?

I-Atorvastatin ivame ukunqunywa ukwehlisa i-cholesterol "embi" (LDL) kanye ne-lipids egazini ngenkathi ikhulisa i-cholesterol "enhle" (HDL). Lo muthi usebenza ngokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-cholesterol esibindini. Ukushintsha indlela yokuphila njengokuvivinya umzimba njalo, ukunciphisa umzimba uma kudingeka, nokuyeka ukubhema kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-Atorvastatin. A Ukudla okunazo zonke, okungukuthi ukuncipha kwe-cholesterol namafutha, nakho kubalulekile. Kunconywa ukuthi uvakashele udokotela ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nokusebenzisa i-Atorvastatin ukulawula amazinga e-cholesterol.

Ungayithatha kanjani futhi nini i-Atorvastatin?

Thatha lo muthi ngomlomo. Yidle ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke njengoba uyalelwe kulebula. Ingathathwa ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla. Yithathe kanye nokudla uma ikwenza uzizwe isicanucanu. Ngaphandle kwalapho udokotela wakho ekutshela ngenye indlela, qhubeka nokuyithatha. Umthamo unqunywa umlando wakho wezokwelapha, impendulo yokwelashwa, ubudala, nanoma yimiphi imithi eyengeziwe ongase uyiphuze. Kubalulekile ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi ingane yakho udokotela kanye nosokhemisi yazi yonke imithi oyithathayo, okuhlanganisa nencwadi kadokotela, ezitolo, kanye nemithi yesintu.

• I-Oral Administration: Thatha lo muthi ngomlomo njengoba uqondiswa umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Geza ithebhulethi lonke ngengilazi yamanzi. Ungayichobozi, uyiphule, noma uyihlafune ithebhulethi ngaphambi kokuyigwinya.
• Isikhathi Esivumelanayo: Thatha i-Atorvastatin ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke, njengoba kuyalelwe kulebula kadokotela. Lokhu kuvumelana kusiza ukugcina amazinga emithi ezinzile egazini lakho.
• Ukudla: I-Atorvastatin ingathathwa ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla. Uma unesicanucanu noma uphatheke kabi yisisu, ukukuthatha kanye nokudla kungasiza ekudambiseni lezi zimpawu.
• Ukusetshenziswa Ngokuqhubekayo: Ngaphandle kwalapho utshelwe udokotela wakho, qhubeka nokuthatha i-Atorvastatin noma ngabe uzizwa uphilile. Imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol njenge-Atorvastatin imvamisa ithathwa isikhathi eside ukulawula amazinga e-cholesterol ngempumelelo.
• Ukulungiswa Kwemithamo: Umthamo wakho uzonqunywa ngokusekelwe emlandweni wakho wezokwelapha, impendulo yokwelashwa, ubudala, kanye nanoma yimiphi eminye imithi okungenzeka ukuthi uyayiphuza. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokuqondile ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha komuthi.
• Yazisa Abahlinzeki Bakho Bezempilo: Qinisekisa ukuthi udokotela wakho kanye nosokhemisi bayazi yonke imithi oyithathayo, kuhlanganise nemithi kadokotela, imithi etholakala ngaphandle kwe-counter, kanye nezithako zemithi. Lolu lwazi lusiza ukuvimbela ukusebenzisana okungaba khona okungathinta ukusebenza kahle kwe-Atorvastatin noma kubangele imiphumela emibi.
• Ukusebenzisana KweGrapefruit: Gwema ukudla i-grapefruit noma ijusi kagilebhisi ngenkathi uthatha i-Atorvastatin ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi eluleka ngenye indlela. I-Grapefruit ingasebenzisana ne-Atorvastatin futhi yandise ubungozi bemiphumela emibi.
• Ukuqapha Okuvamile: Udokotela wakho angase aqaphe ngezikhathi ezithile amazinga e-cholesterol nokusebenza kwesibindi ngenkathi uthatha i-Atorvastatin ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isebenza ngempumelelo nangokuphephile.
• Imiphumela Emibi: Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi engajwayelekile noma eqhubekayo ngenkathi uthatha i-Atorvastatin, njengobuhlungu bemisipha noma ubuthakathaka, ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo, noma ubuhlungu besisu, thintana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Yimiphi imiphumela emibi ye-Atorvastatin?

I-Atorvastatin ingadala imiphumela engemihle kwezinye iziguli, nakuba kungebona bonke abahlangabezana nayo. Imiphumela engemihle evamile ithinta abantu abangaphezu ko-1 kwabayi-100 futhi ingase ibe ngcono ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala njengoba umzimba ujwayelana nemithi. Imiphumela emibi ye-Atorvastatin ifaka: 

• Isicanucanu noma ukungagayeki kahle kokudla
• Uhudo
• Ukuphathwa yikhanda
• Umphimbo obuhlungu
• I-Nosebleeds
• Izimpawu zomkhuhlane, njengokugijima noma ikhala elivalekile noma ukuthimula
• Ukuqunjelwa noma ukuqunjelwa 
• Ukungezwani komzimba (akuvamile)

Abasebenzisi be-Atorvastatin bangase babe nokudideka okuncane noma izinkinga zenkumbulo, okuyivelakancane. Nokho, uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi engavamile, khuluma nodokotela wakho.

Yiziphi izinyathelo zokuphepha okudingeka zithathwe?

• Uma une-allergies ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-Atorvastatin, yazisa udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi. Amakhemikhali angasebenzi kulo mkhiqizo angabangela ukungezwani komzimba noma ezinye izinkinga.
• Yazisa udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokusebenzisa lo muthi, ikakhulukazi noma yiziphi izimo zokugula kwesibindi, isifo sezinso, noma ukusetshenziswa kotshwala.
• Khawulela ukusetshenziswa kwakho kotshwala. Amathuba akho okuba nezinkinga zesibindi angakhula uma uphuza njalo, ikakhulukazi uma futhi uthatha i-Atorvastatin.
• Kungalimaza umbungu osakhulayo futhi kufanele kugwenywe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
• Ukuncelisa ibele ngenkathi usebenzisa lo muthi akwelulekwa ngenxa yengozi engaba khona enganeni. Ngaphambi kokuncelisa, bonana nodokotela wakho.
• Imiphumela emibi yalo muthi, ikakhulukazi izinkinga zemisipha, ingase ibonakale nakakhulu kubantu asebekhulile.

Isikali

Amaphilisi omlomo we-Atorvastatin ngokuvamile athathwa kanye ngosuku. Umthamo oshiwo udokotela wakho unqunywa izici ezifana neminyaka yakho, izimo zempilo ezikhona, eminye imithi oyisebenzisayo, isimo esithile esilashwayo, kanye nobukhulu baleso simo.

Ekuqaleni, udokotela wakho angase akuqale ngedosi ephansi, ngokuvamile engu-10 mg, ukuze ahlole ukuthi umzimba wakho usabela kahle kangakanani emuthini. Ngokuya ngenqubekelaphambili yakho yokwelashwa kanye nemigomo, udokotela wakho angase kamuva alungise umthamo wakho ube ibanga eliphakeme, elingahluka kusuka ku-40 mg kuya ku-80 mg ngosuku. Lokhu kulungiswa kuhlose ukuzuza imiphumela yokwelapha oyifunayo ngenkathi uphatha isimo sakho sezempilo ngempumelelo.

Kuthiwani uma ngiphuthelwe umthamo we-Atorvastatin?

Uma ugeje umthamo womuthi wakho, ukuwuphuza ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula kubalulekile. Kodwa uma umthamo wakho olandelayo usondela, yeqa ongawugeja futhi unamathele esimisweni sakho sokudosa esivamile. Gwema ukuthatha imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze unxephezele ephuthiwe. Uma sekudlule amahora angu-10-11 kusukela kudosi wakho wokugcina, linda kuze kufike umthamo olandelayo ohleliwe. Hlala uqaphile futhi ulandele imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela.

Kuthiwani uma kune-overdose ye-Atorvastatin?

I-overdose ye-Atorvastatin ingadala izimpawu ezilandelayo: 

•   Ubuhlungu bemisipha, ububele, noma ubuthakathaka
•   I-nausea
•   Uhudo
•   Ukudideka
•   Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo
•   Umchamo onombala omnyama

Uma ukholelwa ukuthi udle amaphilisi e-Atorvastatin amaningi kakhulu, thintana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Yiziphi izimo zokugcina i-Atorvastatin?

• 
  Umuthi kufanele ugcinwe esitsheni esivikelekile endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni, uvikeleke ekushiseni, emswakameni, nasekukhanyeni okuqinile. 
•    Gwema ukubanda.
•    Yigcine lapho izingane zingafinyeleleki khona.
•    Umuthi ongasadingeki noma ongasasebenzi kufanele ulahlwe.

Iziyalezo zokudla okufanele zilandelwe

Lapho uthatha i-Atorvastatin, ayikho imikhawulo ethile yokudla okufanele uyilandele. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukugcina ukudla okunempilo okusekela impilo yonke yenhliziyo futhi kusize ukulawula amazinga e-cholesterol. Nazi ezinye iziqondiso ezingaba yinzuzo:

• Yidla Ukudla Okunempilo Enhliziyweni: Gxila ekudleni izithelo ezihlukahlukene, imifino, okusanhlamvu, amaprotheni amancane (njengenkukhu, inhlanzi, ubhontshisi, nemifino), kanye nemikhiqizo yobisi enamafutha amancane.
• Nciphisa Amafutha Asuthisiwe Nawe-Trans: Yehlisa ukudla kwakho ukudla okunamafutha agcwele (atholakala enyameni enamafutha, emikhiqizweni yobisi enamafutha agcwele, namafutha asezindaweni ezishisayo) namafutha e-trans (atholakala ekudleni okugayiwe nokuthosiwe).
• Khetha Amafutha Anempilo: Faka nemithombo yamafutha anempilo, njengamafutha omnqumo, i-avocados, amantongomane, nembewu, engasiza ekuthuthukiseni amazinga e-cholesterol.
• Khulisa I-Soluble Fiber: Ukudla okuphezulu ku-fiber encibilikayo, njengama-oats, ibhali, izithelo (njengama-apula nezithelo ze-citrus), nemifino (njengezaqathi namahlumela aseBrussels), kungasiza ukunciphisa amazinga e-cholesterol.
• Nciphisa I-Cholesterol Yokudla: Nakuba i-cholesterol yokudla evela ekudleni okufana namaqanda ne-shellfish inomthelela omncane emazingeni e-cholesterol yegazi kunalokho obekucatshangwa ngaphambili, kusanconywa ukuthi udle ngokusesilinganisweni, ikakhulukazi uma welulekwa udokotela wakho.
• Gada I-Sodium Intake: Ukunciphisa i-sodium (usawoti) kungasiza ukulawula ukucindezeleka kwegazi, okubalulekile empilweni yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
• I-Stay Hydrated: Phuza amanzi amaningi usuku lonke ukuze uhlale uhlanzekile futhi usekele impilo yonke.

Ukuqapha neminye imithi

Yazisa udokotela wakho uma uthatha imithi eyengeziwe njengoba eminye ingase ikhulise amathuba akho okuba nezinkinga ezinzima zemisipha. Yazisa udokotela wakho mayelana nemithi eqhubekayo kanye naleyo osuyiqalile noma imithi ongasayisebenzisi. Ungalokothi uqale noma uyeke ukuthatha noma yimuphi umuthi noma ushintshe umthamo ngaphandle kokuxoxa ngakho nodokotela wakho. Ukuxhumana okufanele nomhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo kubalulekile ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi usebenzisa umuthi ngokuphepha nangempumelelo futhi unciphise ubungozi bokusabela kabi.

Uma kwenzeka uthatha noma yimiphi imithi elandelayo, yazisa udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi:  

• Imithi eyengeziwe yokunciphisa cholesterol
• Imithi elwa namagciwane noma i-antifungal
• Imithi yokuvimbela amahlule egazi
• Amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo
• Imithi kadokotela yokugwema ukwenqatshwa kokufakelwa isitho
• Umuthi wokwelapha ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• Imithi ye-Hepatitis C noma i-HIV.
• I-Atorvastatin ikhombisa ngokushesha kangakanani imiphumela?

I-Atorvastatin inomphumela osheshayo, ngo-90% we-cholesterol ye-LDL ehla emazingeni okuqala emasontweni amabili okuqala omuthi.

Kufanele ngithinte nini udokotela ngemiphumela emibi?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi elandelayo ngenkathi uthatha i-Atorvastatin:

• Ubuhlungu Bemisipha noma Ubuthakathaka: Ikakhulukazi uma ziphikelela noma zinzima. Lokhu kungase kubonise umphumela ongaseceleni ongavamile kodwa ongathi sína obizwa ngokuthi i-rhabdomyolysis.
• Ukukhathala Okungachazeki noma Ubuthakathaka: Ikakhulukazi uma kuhambisana nomchamo onombala omnyama noma ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo, okungase kubonise izinkinga zesibindi.
• I-Nausea Eqhubekayo, Ukuhlanza, noma Ubuhlungu Besisu: Ikakhulukazi uma lezi zimpawu zinzima noma ziphikelela.
• Izimpawu Zokungezwani Nomzimba: Okufana nokuqubuka, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala (ikakhulukazi ubuso/ulimi/umphimbo), isiyezi esinzima, noma ukuphefumula kanzima.
• Izinguquko Ekuchameni: Njengokuncipha kokuphuma komchamo noma igazi emchameni.
• Ikhanda Elibuhlungu Kakhulu noma Izinguquko Zombono: Kubandakanya ukulahlekelwa umbono kungazelelwe noma umbono ongenalutho.

Yini okufanele ngimazise udokotela ngaphambi kokuthatha umuthi?

Ngaphambi kokuqala i-Atorvastatin, tshela udokotela wakho:

• Mayelana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga zempilo onazo, njengezinkinga zesibindi noma zezinso.
• Uma ungezwani nanoma yimiphi imithi noma ukudla.
• Uma ukhulelwe, uhlela ukukhulelwa, noma ibele.
• Yonke imithi oyiphuzayo njengamanje, okuhlanganisa amavithamini nezithako zokudla.
• Uma uke waba nemiphumela emibi evela emithini ye-cholesterol ngaphambili.
• Noma yiziphi izinguquko ezinkulu ekudleni kwakho, ikakhulukazi uma udla i-grapefruit njalo.

I-Atorvastatin vs Rosuvastatin

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe izingane zinganikezwa i-atorvastatin?

I-Atorvastatin ngokuvamile akuyona inketho yokuqala yezingane. Isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko kubantu abadala ukwehlisa amazinga e-cholesterol. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, ingase inikezwe izingane ezinamazinga aphezulu kakhulu e-cholesterol noma izakhi zofuzo ku-cholesterol ephezulu. Izinqumo ezinjalo zenziwa ochwepheshe bezingane ngokusekelwe ezidingweni ezithile zengane nangemva kokucatshangelwa ngokucophelela.

2. Ingabe i-atorvastatin ingaholela ekulimaleni noma ebunzima ngemisipha?

Yebo, i-atorvastatin ingaholela ezindabeni ezihlobene nemisipha. Ezimweni ezingavamile, kungabangela ubuhlungu bemisipha, ubuthakathaka, noma, ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, ukulimala kwemisipha. Uma uzwa ubuhlungu bemisipha obungachazeki noma ubuthakathaka ngenkathi uthatha i-atorvastatin, thintana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha.

3. Yimiphi imiphumela emibi ye-atorvastatin eyenzeka kaningi?

Imiphumela emibi evamile ye-atorvastatin ingabandakanya ubuhlungu bemisipha, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukucasuka kwesisu, nezinguquko ekusebenzeni kwesibindi. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu ozothola le miphumela emibi, futhi ingahluka ngobukhulu.

4. Ingabe ukuthatha i-atorvastatin kwandisa ingozi yami yokuba nesifo sikashukela?

I-Atorvastatin ihlotshaniswe nengozi eyanda kancane yokuba nesifo sikashukela kwabanye abantu. Kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngale ngozi nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo, ikakhulukazi uma unezinye izici eziyingozi zesifo sikashukela, njengokukhuluphala noma umlando womndeni walesi simo.

5. Ingabe i-Atorvastatin isetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-cholesterol ephezulu?

Yebo, i-atorvastatin ivame ukunqunywa ukwehlisa amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol egazini. Kuyingxenye yekilasi lemithi eyaziwa ngokuthi ama-statins, asebenza ukwehlisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-cholesterol ngesibindi futhi asize ukulawula amazinga e-cholesterol emzimbeni.

6. Ubani okufanele athathe i-atorvastatin?

I-Atorvastatin inqunyelwe abantu abane-cholesterol ephezulu, labo abasengozini yesifo senhliziyo, noma abantu abadinga ukwehlisa amazinga abo e-LDL cholesterol.

7. Ingabe kuphephile ukuthatha i-atorvastatin nsuku zonke?

Yebo, ngokuvamile kuphephile ukuthatha i-atorvastatin nsuku zonke njengoba uyalelwe udokotela wakho. Ukuvumelana kusiza ukugcina ukusebenza kwayo.

8. Ingabe i-atorvastatin iyingozi ezinso?

I-Atorvastatin ingathinta ukusebenza kwezinso kwabanye abantu, ikakhulukazi ngemithamo ephezulu noma ngezinkinga zezinso ezivele zikhona. Ukuqapha njalo kuyanconywa.

9. Ingabe kufanele ngiphuze ithebhulethi yomlomo ye-atorvastatin kanye nokudla?

I-Atorvastatin ingathathwa ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla. Ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho kubalulekile ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle.

10. I-atorvastatin ithatha isikhathi esingakanani ukusebenza?

Ungase uqale ukubona ukuthuthuka kumazinga e-cholesterol emasontweni ambalwa, kodwa kungathatha amasonto angama-4-6 ukuthola imiphumela ephelele.

11. Yini okufanele ngiyigweme ngenkathi ngithatha i-atorvastatin?

Gwema ukudla inani elikhulu le-grapefruit noma i-grapefruit juice, ngoba ingasebenzisana ne-atorvastatin. Qaphela ngeminye imithi kanye nezithasiselo; thintana nodokotela wakho.

12. Ngingakwazi ukuyeka ukuthatha i-atorvastatin uma i-cholesterol yami ijwayelekile?

Akufanele uyeke ukuthatha i-atorvastatin ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho, noma ngabe amazinga akho e-cholesterol eba ngcono. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza isiqondiso sokuthi uqhubeke noma ulungise imithi yakho.

13. Ubani ongakwazi ukuthatha i-atorvastatin?

Abantu abakhuthele isifo sesibindi, labo abakhulelwe noma abancelisayo, nalabo abanokungezwani komzimba ne-atorvastatin owaziwayo akufanele bawuthathe.

References:

https://www.drugs.com/atorvastatin.html https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-841/atorvastatin-oral/details
https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/atorvastatin/
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/drugs/19081-atorvastatin-tablets

Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Ulwazi olunikezwe lapha alwenzelwe ukufaka iseluleko esivela kuchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ulwazi aluhloselwe ukumboza konke ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka, imiphumela engemihle, izinyathelo zokuphepha, nokusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa. Lolu lwazi aluhloselwe ukuphakamisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa umuthi othile kufanelekile, kuphephile, noma kuyasebenza wena noma omunye umuntu. Ukungabi bikho kwanoma yiluphi ulwazi noma isexwayiso mayelana nomuthi akufanele kuhunyushwe njengesiqinisekiso esicacile esivela enhlanganweni. Sikweluleka ngokuqinile ukuthi uthintane nodokotela uma kukhona okukukhathazayo ngomuthi futhi ungalokothi usebenzise umuthi ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.