I-Carvedilol

I-Carvedilol

I-Carvedilol, isidakamizwa senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, ingasiza ekulawuleni umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, ngisho nokuphazamiseka okuthile kwesigqi senhliziyo. Lesi blocker se-beta sesenze izinguquko ekuphathweni kwezempilo yenhliziyo, sinikeza indlela enezici eziningi ekwelapheni izimo ezihlukahlukene zenhliziyo. Amaphilisi e-Carvedilol asephenduke insika emithini yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, athuthukisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yeziguli kanye nezinga lempilo lilonke.

Iyini iCarvedilol?

I-Carvedilol imithi ehlukahlukene eyingxenye yezidakamizwa ezibizwa ngokuthi i-carbazoles. Isebenza njengesivimbeli se-adrenergic esingakhethi, esihlanganisa izici zombili izimbangi ze-beta kanye ne-alpha-1 receptor. Le nhlanganisela ivumela i-carvedilol ukuthi ibe nohlu olubanzi lwemiphumela ohlelweni lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi uma kuqhathaniswa nama-beta blockers amsulwa.

Ukusetshenziswa kwethebhulethi yeCarvedilol

Ithebhulethi ye-carvedilol inomthelela omkhulu ezimeni ezihlukahlukene zenhliziyo. Odokotela banikeza lo muthi ngezinhloso ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:

• I-Carvedilol yehlisa ngempumelelo ephezulu ukushaya kwegazi. 
• Ezigulini ezinokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, amaphilisi e-carvedilol adlala indima ebalulekile. Banciphisa ingozi yokufa kanye nokulaliswa esibhedlela kubantu abanokuhluleka kwenhliziyo okuncane kuya kokunzima. 
• I-Carvedilol inomthelela omuhle ezigulini ezilulama ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo. Yehlisa ingozi yokufa kubantu abanezinhliziyo ezingampompi igazi ngendlela efanele njengoba kufanele ngemva kwe-infarction ye-myocardial, ikakhulukazi kulabo abanengxenye ye-ventricular ejection engu-40% noma ngaphansi.
• Ukungasebenzi Kwe-ventricular Kwesokunxele: Isivivinyo se-CAPRICORN ngo-2001 sinikeze ubufakazi obuningi obusekela ukusetshenziswa kwe-carvedilol ezimeni zokungasebenzi kahle kwe-ventricular kwesokunxele kulandela infarction ye-myocardial. 
• Ngokuvinjelwa kwayo kwe-beta-adrenoceptors, i-carvedilol ivimbela i-tachycardia ebangelwa ukuzivocavoca. Lesi senzo sisiza ukulawula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo phakathi nomsebenzi womzimba.
• Ngemithamo ephezulu, i-carvedilol ibonisa umsebenzi wokuvimbela isiteshi se-calcium kanye nezakhiwo ze-antioxidant. Umsebenzi wayo we-antioxidant uvimbela i-low-density lipoprotein oxidation futhi ingene ekujikelezeni kwe-coronary, okungenzeka kube nomthelela emiphumeleni yayo ye-cardioprotective.

Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-Carvedilol Tablet

I-Carvedilol itholakala ngezindlela ezehlukene, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi kanye namaphilisi okukhululwa okunwetshiwe. Iziguli kufanele ziwuphuze lo muthi ngendlela okushiwo udokotela wazo. 

• Geza ithebhulethi ye-carvedilol iphelele ngengilazi yamanzi.
• Kuma-capsules akhululwe isikhathi eside, ungawaphuli, ungawachobozi, noma uwahlafune.
• Uma ingakwazi ukugwinya i-capsule ekhululwe isikhathi eside, iziguli zingase ziyivule futhi zithele okuphakathi enanini elincane lokudla okubandayo, okuthambile njenge-appleauce. Hlanganisa kahle le ngxube bese uyigwinya ngaphandle kokuhlafuna.

Imiphumela Emibi ye-Carvedilol Tablet

Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, i-carvedilol ingabangela imiphumela engafuneki eceleni kwezinzuzo zayo ezihlosiwe. 

Imiphumela Emibi Evamile:

• Isiyezi noma ikhanda elikhanyayo
• Ukukhathala okungavamile noma ubuthakathaka
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuphansi
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukungakhululeki
• Ukuvuvukala ezinyaweni, emaqakaleni, noma emilenzeni engezansi
• Inzuzo yesisindo
• Izinkinga zokuphefumula
• Ukuhlungu obusemhlane
• Uhudo
• Imizwa yokuluma noma ukuluma

Imithelela Emincane Evamile

• Ukunciphisa ukudla
• Ubuhlungu besisu nobuhlangene
• Ukugodola nokujuluka okubandayo
• Izinguquko zomchamo, njengokuncipha kwemvamisa noma inani lomchamo, umchamo omnyama, umchamo onamafu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi, igazi emchameni.
• Ishaya ngamandla, inhliziyo ishaya kancane
• ukuquleka
• Shakiness
• Ukuphefumula kanzima ngisho uphumule
• Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esingachaziwe
• Ukusuka okungavamile noma ukulimaza

Ukuqapha

Lapho uthatha i-carvedilol, iziguli kufanele ziqaphele izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile zokuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ephephile nephumelelayo. 

• I-Carvedilol ingabangela isiyezi, ikhanda elikhanyayo, noma ukuquleka, ikakhulukazi lapho ivuka ngokushesha isuka lapho uhlezi noma ulele khona. Iziguli kufanele ziqaphele lapho zisebenzisa imishini, zishayela, noma zenza izinto ezidinga ukuqapha kuze kube zazi ukuthi umuthi uzithinta kanjani. 
• Kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, i-carvedilol ingaba nomthelela emazingeni kashukela egazini. Ingase ifihle izimpawu zikashukela wegazi ophansi, njengokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, okwandisa ingozi yokugula okungathí sina noma isikhathi eside. i-hypoglycemia. 
• I-Carvedilol ingaba yimbi kakhulu izimpawu zokuhluleka kwenhliziyo kwezinye iziguli. 
• Iziguli kufanele zazise odokotela bazo mayelana nokusebenzisa kwazo i-carvedilol ngaphambi kokwenza noma iyiphi inqubo yokuhlinzwa, okuhlanganisa nokwelashwa kwamazinyo noma okuphuthumayo. 
• Kulabo abagqoka ama-contact lens, i-carvedilol inganciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwezinyembezi, okuholela emehlweni omile. Iziguli kufanele zithintane nodokotela wazo uma zithola lolu daba.
• Iziguli ezine ufuba, i-bronchitis, i-emphysema, noma isifo sesibindi esibi kufanele babonane nodokotela wabo ngaphambi kokuthatha le mithi, njengoba ingase ibe yimbi kakhulu izimpawu zalezi zimo.

Isebenza kanjani ithebhulethi yeCarvedilol

Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-carvedilol ukuvimbela ama-receptors athile enhliziyweni nasemithanjeni yegazi. Iqondise ama-beta-1 receptors enhliziyweni kanye nama-alpha-1 receptors emithanjeni yegazi. Lawa ma-receptors ngokuvamile abopha amahomoni abizwa ngokuthi ama-catecholamines. Lapho ama-catecholamine enamathela kulawa ma-receptors, enza inhliziyo ishaye ngamandla futhi ngokushesha futhi imithambo yegazi iqine. Ngokuvimbela la ma-receptors, i-carvedilol isiza inhliziyo ukuthi ishaye kancane futhi ivumele imithambo yegazi ukuthi iphumule.

Ngingathatha I-Carvedilol Ngeminye Imithi?

I-Carvedilol ingaxhumana nemithi ehlukahlukene, kuhlanganise:

• antidepressant
• Ama-block block wesiteshi seCalcium
• I-Carvedilol  
• Imithi ethile yesifo sikashukela
• Izidakamizwa ezithile zesigqi senhliziyo 
• I-Clonidine  
• I-Cyclosporine  
• Rifampin 

Ulwazi Lomthamo

Umthamo weCarvedilol uyahlukahluka futhi uncike esimweni sokwelashwa kanye nempendulo yesiguli. 

• Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo Eminyene:
  • Umthamo wokuqala ngu-3.125 mg, othathwe ngomlomo kabili nsuku zonke amasonto amabili. 
• I-Hypertension:
  • Umthamo wokuqala ngu-6.25 mg, othathwa ngomlomo kabili ngosuku. 
• Ukungasebenzi Kwe-Ventricular Kwesokunxele Ngemva Kokuhlaselwa Kwenhliziyo:
  • Amaphilisi akhishwa ngokushesha aqala ku-6.25 mg kabili ngosuku izinsuku ezi-3 kuye kweziyi-10. 

Isiphetho

I-Carvedilol ithinta kakhulu ukuphathwa kwezempilo yenhliziyo, inikeza indlela eguquguqukayo yokwelapha izimo ezihlukahlukene zenhliziyo. Indlela yayo eyingqayizivele yezenzo ezimbili ikuvumela ukuthi ibhekane nezici eziningi zokusebenza kwenhliziyo, kusukela ekulawuleni ukushaya kwegazi ukuthuthukisa izimpawu zokuhluleka kwenhliziyo. Ikhono lomuthi lokugcina ukuphuma kwenhliziyo ngenkathi kunciphisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo nomfutho wegazi liwenza ithuluzi elibalulekile endaweni yokwelapha yenhliziyo.

FAQ sika

1. Ingabe i-carvedilol ilungele izinso?

I-Carvedilol ibonise imiphumela enenzuzo ekusebenzeni kwezinso ezivivinyweni eziningana. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi kwandisa ukugeleza kwegazi kwezinso futhi kunciphisa i-microalbuminuria. 

2. Kwenzekani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo?

Uma umthamo we-carvedilol uphuthelwe, kufanele uwuthathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula. Kodwa-ke, uma cishe sekuyisikhathi somthamo olandelayo ohleliwe, yeqa umthamo ogejiwe futhi uqhubeke nohlelo olujwayelekile lokudosa. 

3. Yikuphi okungcono, i-losartan noma i-carvedilol?

Kokubili i-losartan ne-carvedilol ibonise imiphumela eqhathaniswayo kuma-indices e-hemodynamic amaphakathi, iphrofayili ye-metabolic, imingcele yokuvuvukala, kanye nokucindezela kwe-peripheral arterial ocwaningweni lokwelashwa lwamaviki angama-24. Kodwa-ke, i-losartan ikhombise umthelela omuhle ku-augmentation index (AIx) kune-carvedilol. Ukwengeza, i-losartan ibonise umphumela onenzuzo kumazinga e-uric acid, kuyilapho i-carvedilol ibe nomthelela omubi. Ukukhethwa phakathi kwale mithi kuncike ezicini zomuntu ngamunye futhi kufanele kwenziwe ngokubonisana nodokotela.

4. Kungani i-carvedilol ikhethwa?

Okuthandwa yiCarvedilol kungenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo ekwelapheni izimo ezihlukahlukene zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, indlela yesenzo esikabili njengesivimbeli se-adrenergic esingakhethi, kanye nezinzuzo ezibalulekile zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, okuhlanganisa ukugcinwa kokuphuma kwenhliziyo nokunciphisa ukumelana nemithambo. Inikeza izinzuzo ze-metabolic, imiphumela emibi embalwa, kanye nenketho yokudosa kanye ngosuku, okuthuthukisa ukubambelela emithini.

5. Ngingakwazi ukuthatha i-carvedilol nsuku zonke?

Yebo, ungathatha i-carvedilol nsuku zonke. Ngokuvamile kunqunyelwe ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke ekwelapheni izimo ezingamahlalakhona ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophezulu, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-ventricular yesokunxele. Umuthi uvamise ukunikezwa kabili nsuku zonke ngendlela ekhishwa ngokushesha noma kanye ngosuku ekwakhiweni kokukhishwa okulawulwayo.

6. Ubani okungafanele athathe i-carvedilol?

Odokotela ngokuvamile bayayiphikisa i-carvedilol kubantu abalandelayo:

• Abantu abane-asthma ye-bronchial noma izimo ezihlobene ne-bronchospastic
• Iziguli ezinezinga lesibili noma lesithathu le-AV block, i-sinus syndrome egulayo, noma i-bradycardia enzima (ngaphandle uma kukhona i-pacemaker ehlala njalo)
• Abantu abanokushaqeka kwe-cardiogenic noma ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo okubolile okudinga i-intravenous inotropic therapy
• Labo abanokukhubazeka okukhulu kwesibindi
• Labo abanomlando wokusabela okukhulu kwe-hypersensitivity ku-carvedilol

7. Yisiphi isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuthatha i-carvedilol?

I-Carvedilol isebenza kahle kakhulu uma ithathwa nokudla. Ukuze kuthathwe umthamo ophindwe kabili ngosuku, odokotela ngokuvamile batusa ukuphuza umuthi ngezikhathi ezifanayo usuku ngalunye, ngokwehlukana ngokwehlukana kwamahora ayi-12. Isibonelo, imithamo ingaphuzwa ngo-7 am no-7pm Uma usebenzisa ukwakheka okukhishwayo okulawulwayo kokudosiswa kanye ngosuku, kuphuze ekuseni.

Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Ulwazi olunikezwe lapha alwenzelwe ukufaka iseluleko esivela kuchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ulwazi aluhloselwe ukumboza konke ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka, imiphumela engemihle, izinyathelo zokuphepha, nokusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa. Lolu lwazi aluhloselwe ukuphakamisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa umuthi othile kufanelekile, kuphephile, noma kuyasebenza wena noma omunye umuntu. Ukungabi bikho kwanoma yiluphi ulwazi noma isexwayiso mayelana nomuthi akufanele kuhunyushwe njengesiqinisekiso esicacile esivela enhlanganweni. Sikweluleka ngokuqinile ukuthi uthintane nodokotela uma kukhona okukukhathazayo ngomuthi futhi ungalokothi usebenzise umuthi ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.