I-Chlorthalidone

I-Chlorthalidone

I-Chlorthalidone ibalwa njengenye yemithi enqunyelwe kakhulu emhlabeni. I-FDA yagunyaza le diuretic efana ne-thiazide ngo-1960, futhi isize iziguli eziningi ukuphatha nomfutho wegazi ophezulu kusuka lapho.

Odokotela banquma i-chlorthalidone njengendlela yabo yokuqala yokwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme ngoba kusiza iziguli ukuqeda amanzi ngokweqile nosawoti ngokuchama. Iziguli ezinokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, ukuhluleka kwesibindi, nezimo ezithile zezinso nazo ziyazuza emandleni e-chlorthalidone okunciphisa ukuvuvukala. Le ndatshana ihlinzeka ngolwazi olubanzi ngokusetshenziswa kwe-chlorthalidone, indlela yokusebenza, imiphumela engemihle, nemihlahlandlela yokudosa efanele.

Iyini i-Chlorthalidone?

Leli philisi lamanzi liyingxenye yomndeni we-thiazide diuretics owamukelwa ngo-1960. Iqembu le-sulfonamide ku-chlorthalidone livimba i-sodium-chloride symporter ku-distal convoluted tubule yenso yakho. Le nqubo yehlisa umthamo woketshezi egazini lakho ngempumelelo. Isakhiwo samakhemikhali sihluka kancane ku-thiazide yendabuko futhi siyinikeza isikhathi eside sokusebenza.

Yiziphi Izindlela Zokusebenzisa I-Tablet Chlorthalidone?

Odokotela basebenzisa lo muthi ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme, kungaba uwedwa noma neminye imithi. Kuyasiza futhi ukulawula ukugcinwa koketshezi (i-oedema) kusuka:

• Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo noma isibindi i-cirrhosis
• Ukuphazamiseka kwezinso, kuhlanganise namaprotheni emchameni
• Ukwelashwa kwe-steroid noma i-estrogen

Odokotela bangase bakunikeze i-calcium ezinso, isifo sikaMénière, kanye isifo sikashukela insipidus, nakuba lokhu kusetshenziswa kungenayo imvume ye-FDA.

Ungayisebenzisa Kanjani Futhi Nini Amathebulethi e-Chlorthalidone

Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuthatha leli philisi kanye ngosuku ngesidlo sasekuseni noma ngesidlo sakho sasekuseni. Imithamo yasekuseni ikusiza ukuthi ugweme uhambo lwasebusuku lokugezela. Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngomthamo we-12.5-25mg futhi awulungise kuye ngokuthi uphendula kanjani.

Imiphumela Emibi Yezibhebhe ze-Chlorthalidone

Imiphumela emibi evamile yilezi:

• Ukhuphula ukuchama
• isiyezi
• bekhanda
• Ukukhathazeka kwesisu

Izinkinga ezinkulu zingabandakanya ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte, ikakhulukazi uma une-potassium ephansi, i-sodium noma amazinga e-magnesium.

Ukuqapha

• Akufanele uthathe i-chlorthalidone uma ungakwazi ukuchama noma ukungezwani ne-sulfa. 
• Udokotela wakho udinga ukwazi nganoma yikuphi isifo sezinso, i-gout, isifo sikashukela, noma izinhlelo zokukhulelwa ongase ube nazo.

Indlela Imithi Ye-Chlorthalidone Esebenza Ngayo

I-distal convoluted tubule yenso yakho iqukethe ama-sodium-chloride symporters avinjwa yi-chlorthalidone. Lesi senzo sivimba umzimba wakho ekumunceni kabusha usawoti futhi kudala umphumela we-osmotic odonsa amanzi emchameni wakho. Umfutho wegazi lakho uyehla njengoba umzimba wakho ukhipha uketshezi nosawoti owengeziwe, okwehlisa umthamo wegazi. I-Chlorthalidone igqama emithini ejwayelekile ngoba iyi-diuretic esebenza isikhathi eside enomsebenzi we-antihypertensive futhi ihlala isebenza amahora angama-72.

Ngingakwazi ukuthatha i-Chlorthalidone Neminye Imithi?

I-Chlorthalidone ingaxhumana nemithi eminingi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngomlando wakho ophelele wemithi ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi. Ingasabela ngokuthi:

• Utshwala
• I-Barbiturate
• Corticosteroids
• Digoxin
• Imithi yesifo sikashukela 
• Lithium 
• I-Norepinephrine
• ama-NSAID 
• Imithi yama-opioids
• Ezinye izidakamizwa zomfutho wegazi 

Ulwazi Lomthamo

Odokotela bavame ukunikeza u-25mg kanye ngosuku ngomfutho wegazi ophezulu futhi bangase bawunyuse ube ngu-50-100mg uma kudingeka. Ukwelashwa kwe-edema ngokuvamile kuqala ku-50-100mg nsuku zonke noma i-100mg njalo ngemva kolunye usuku, ngemithamo efika ku-200mg. Ukuthatha umthamo wakho ekuseni nokudla kuholela ekumunceni kangcono. Umuthi uyaqhubeka nokusebenza kahle ezigulini eziningi ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside.

Isiphetho

I-Chlorthalidone izibonakalise njengomsizi onamandla ekwelapheni umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Leli philisi lamanzi elihlala isikhathi eside lisusa uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni wakho futhi linikeza ukufundwa komfutho wegazi ophansi kakhulu kunemithi efanayo. Iziguli eziningi zithola umthamo wazo wasekuseni kanye ngosuku usebenza kahle nohlelo lwazo lwansuku zonke.

I-Chlorthalidone isiza izigidi ukulawula umfutho wegazi wazo ngokusetshenziswa ngendlela efanele. Lo muthi usebenza amahora afinyelela kwangu-72, okuwunikeza umkhawulo ngaphezu kwamanye ama-diuretics. Yithathe kanye nebhulakufesi njengoba kuyaliwe, futhi uzothola izinzuzo ezigcwele ngenkathi unciphisa ukuvakasha kwasendlini yasebusuku. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwakho ngomfutho wegazi onempilo kuba lula ngalo muthi ohlolwe isikhathi ohlelweni lwakho lokwelapha.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe i-chlorthalidone isengozini enkulu?

I-Chlorthalidone iza nezingozi ezimaphakathi. Ucwaningo lubonisa amazinga aphezulu e-hypokalemia (i-potassium ephansi) uma kuqhathaniswa neminye imithi efanayo. Iziguli zingase zibe nokungalingani kwe-electrolyte lapho ziqala ukwelashwa. Ucwaningo lukhomba engcupheni eyengeziwe yokwehla kwe-eGFR kanye nemicimbi yenhliziyo kwezinye iziguli.

2. Yikuphi ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwethebhulethi ye-chlorthalidone?

Odokotela basebenzisa i-chlorthalidone ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Kuyasiza futhi ukuphatha ukugcinwa koketshezi (i-oedema) kusuka ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo, ukucindezelwa kwesibindi, noma isifo sezinso. Odokotela kwesinye isikhathi bayinika amatshe ezinso ze-calcium, isifo se-Ménière, nesifo sikashukela i-insipidus, nakuba lokhu kungekona ukusetshenziswa okugunyazwe yi-FDA.

3. Yisiphi isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuphuza i-chlorthalidone ekuseni noma kusihlwa?

Ukusa kusebenza kahle kakhulu. Thatha i-chlorthalidone ngesidlo sasekuseni. Le shejuli isiza ukugwema uhambo lwasebusuku lokugezela olungase luphazamise ukulala kwakho. Ukuyithatha ngesikhathi esifanayo usuku ngalunye kunikeza imiphumela engcono kakhulu.

4. Amaphilisi e-chlorthalidone athatha isikhathi esingakanani ukusebenza?

Umuthi uqala ukusebenza amahora angu-2-6 ngemva kokuwuphuza. Uzoqaphela imiphumela yayo cishe amahora angu-3 ngemva kokuyithatha. Kungase kuthathe izinsuku ezimbalwa ukusetshenziswa okuvamile ukulawula umfutho wegazi ngokugcwele.

5. Kwenzekani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo?

Thatha uma ukhumbula. Uma kuseduze nomthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe, yeqa ogejiwe. Ungaphindaphindi kabili ukuze wenze umthamo okhohliwe ngoba lokhu kungase kubangele imiphumela emibi kakhulu.

6. Ingabe i-chlorthalidone iphephile ezinso?

Ucwaningo lunikeza okutholakele okuxubile. Olunye ucwaningo luxhumanisa i-chlorthalidone nengozi ephezulu yokwehla kwe-eGFR. Abanye bagqamisa izinzuzo ezingaba khona zokweseka iziguli ezibhekene nesifo esinzima sezinso. Udokotela wakho kufanele ahlole ukusebenza kwezinso zakho njalo ngenkathi usebenzisa i-chlorthalidone.

7. Kwenzekani uma ngiphuza ngokweqile?

Izimpawu ze-overdose zihlanganisa isicanucanu, ebuthakathakeni, isiyezi, ukoma kakhulu, ukudideka, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuquleka. Izimo ezinzima zingabangela ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte okuyingozi. Thola usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma kwenzeka ukweqisa umthamo.

8. Ubani ongakwazi ukuthatha i-chlorthalidone?

Odokotela ngokuvamile abawanikezi amaphilisi e-chlorthalidone ku:

• Abantu abane-anuria (ukungakwazi ukukhiqiza umchamo).
• Abantu abangezwani nezidakamizwa ze-chlorthalidone noma ze-sulfa.
• Abantu abanezinkinga ezingathi sína zezinso noma zesibindi.
• Iziguli ezibhekene ne-gout engalawulwa kahle.
• Abantu abane-potassium ephansi noma i-sodium.
• Abesifazane abakhulelwe noma abahlengikazi kufanele bacace ngaphandle uma udokotela wabo esho okuhlukile.

9. Zingaki izinsuku okufanele ngithathe ithebhulethi ye-chlorthalidone?

Uzodinga ukuqhubeka nokuthatha i-chlorthalidone ukuze uyenze isebenze. Iziguli eziningi ezinomfutho wegazi ophakeme zidinga lo muthi isikhathi eside. Udokotela wakho kufanele ahlole umfutho wegazi lakho njalo ukuze abone ukuthi usawudinga yini. Lo muthi ulawula umfutho wegazi ophakeme kunokuwelapha.

10. Ungamisa nini i-chlorthalidone?

Ungayeki ukuthatha i-chlorthalidone ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala. Ukuma kungazelelwe kungase kubangele umfutho wegazi wakho unyuke noma wenze umzimba wakho ugcine uketshezi. Udokotela wakho angase akutshele ukuthi uyeke uma uba nokungalingani okukhulu kwe-electrolyte, ukungezwani komzimba, noma izinkinga zezinso.

11. Ingabe kuphephile ukuphuza i-chlorthalidone nsuku zonke?

Yebo, iziguli eziningi zingawuthatha ngokuphepha lo muthi nsuku zonke. Ukuyithatha ekuseni kukusiza ukuthi ugweme ukuhamba njalo endlini yangasese ngesikhathi sokulala. Ukuhlolwa njalo kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi umuthi usasifanela yini isimo sakho.

12. Yini okufanele uyigweme lapho uthatha i-chlorthalidone?

Gwema lokhu ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi:

• I-Grapefruit nejusi yayo 
• Utshwala 
• Ukuchayeka kakhulu elangeni 
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni ngenxa yokujuluka okukhulu noma ukugula

13. Siyini isixwayiso se-chlorthalidone?

• Hlala u-hydrated futhi uphuze amanzi amaningi ukuze uvimbele ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
• Naka amajaqamba emisipha noma ubuthakathaka, okungabonisa amazinga aphansi e-potassium noma e-sodium.
• Yazisa udokotela wakho uma une-gout njengoba lo muthi ungase ubangele ukuqubuka.
• Gada ushukela wegazi lakho njalo uma unesifo sikashukela.
• Gcina isikhumba sakho sivikelekile elangeni ukuze ugweme izinkinga.

14. Ngingakwazi yini ukuthatha i-chlorthalidone kabili ngosuku?

Cha - thatha i-chlorthalidone kanye nje ngosuku, ngokufanelekile ngesidlo sasekuseni ekuseni. Umuthi usebenza amahora angafika kwangu-72, ngakho ukuwuphuza ngaphezu kwesisodwa ngosuku akudingekile futhi kungaba yingozi.