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ICyclophosphamide

I-Cyclophosphamide ime njengomuthi obalulekile kwezokwelapha zesimanje, isiza iziguli ukuthi zilwe nezimo ezinzima ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza kanye nokuphazamiseka kwe-autoimmune. Odokotela basebenzisa amaphilisi esidakamizwa i-cyclophosphamide njengengxenye yezinhlelo zokwelashwa ezibanzi, becubungula ngokucophelela izidingo eziqondile zesiguli ngasinye kanye nomlando wezokwelapha. Lesi sihloko sihlola konke iziguli okufanele zazi mayelana ne-cyclophosphamide, okuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo, ukuphathwa okufanele, imiphumela emibi ye-cyclophosphamide engaba khona, kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha ezidingekayo okufanele zicatshangelwe ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Iyini i-Cyclophosphamide?

I-Cyclophosphamide umuthi onamandla ohlukaniswa njenge-nitrogen mustard alkylating agent. Le crystalline powder emhlophe iwumuthi we-antineoplastic kanye ne-immunosuppressive, okwenza ube wusizo ekwelapheni izimo zezokwelapha ezinzima ezihlukahlukene.

shayela nathi
bhuka i-aphoyintimenti

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Cyclophosphamide

Odokotela banquma amaphilisi e-cyclophosphamide njengendlela yokwelapha ebalulekile ezimweni ezihlukahlukene zezokwelapha ezinzima. Odokotela ngokuyinhloko basebenzisa i-cyclophosphamide ukwelapha:

Umuthi ubonakala uphumelela ikakhulukazi lapho ukwelashwa okuvamile kungakakhiqizi imiphumela oyifunayo. Ekwelashweni komdlavuza, odokotela bavame ukuhlanganisa i-cyclophosphamide neminye imithi yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali ukuze benze izinqubo zokwelapha ezisebenza kahle kakhulu. 

Emithini yezingane, i-cyclophosphamide ibalulekile ekwelapheni izimo ezithile zezinso, ikakhulukazi i-nephrotic syndrome engazange isabele kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha. 

Isetshenziswa kanjani i-Cyclophosphamide Tablet

Odokotela ngokuvamile batusa ukuthatha amaphilisi e-cyclophosphamide ekuseni ukuze banciphise ubungozi bezinkinga zesinye. 

Imihlahlandlela Yokuphatha Ebalulekile:

  • Thatha ithebhulethi iphelele ngaphandle kokuyichoboza, ukuphuka, noma ukuyihlafuna
  • Yidla ngamanzi amaningi (okungenani 240ml)
  • Thatha imithi cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo usuku ngalunye
  • Phatha amaphilisi ngezandla ezihlanzekile, ezomile
  • Gcina amaphilisi ekamelweni lokushisa kude nomswakama nokukhanya okuqondile
  • Gcina i-hydration efanele ngesikhathi sokwelashwa

Imiphumela emibi yethebhulethi ye-Cyclophosphamide

Iziguli ezithatha amaphilisi e-cyclophosphamide zingase zibe nokungakhululeki okuncane kanye nokukhathazeka okukhulu kwezempilo. 

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ye-cyclophosphamide:

  • I-nausea nokuhlanza
  • Ukuqothuka kwezinwele zesikhashana
  • Ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso
  • Ubuhlungu besisu noma ukungakhululeki
  • Ushintsho ezikhathini zokuya esikhathini
  • Ukuba mnyama kwesikhumba nezinzipho
  • Ukukhathala nokubuthakathaka

Imiphumela Emibi Kakhulu: Le miphumela idinga ukunakwa ngokushesha:

Ukuqapha

Ukuthatha i-cyclophosphamide kudinga ukunakwa ngokucophelela ezinyathelweni eziningi zokuphepha nezinyathelo zokuphepha. 

  • Ukuqapha: Ukuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha kubalulekile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwe-cyclophosphamide. Odokotela benza:
    • Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuqapha ukubalwa kwamaseli nokusebenza kwesitho
    • Ukuhlolwa komchamo ukuhlola impilo yesinye
    • Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwenhliziyo
    • Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi nezinso
  • Ukukhulelwa Nokuncelisa: Okhulelwe noma abesifazane abancelisayo abahlela ukukhulelwa akumele baphathe i-cyclophosphamide. Umuthi ungathinta ukuzala kwabesilisa nabesifazane, okudinga:
    • Ukuvimbela inzalo okuthembekile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa
    • Ukuvimbela inzalo okuqhubekayo unyaka ongu-1 ngemva kokwelashwa kwabesifazane
    • Ukuvimbela inzalo izinyanga ezi-4 ngemuva kokwelashwa kwabesilisa
  • Ukucatshangelwa Okukhethekile: Ngenxa yomphumela wawo kumasosha omzimba, iziguli kufanele:
    • Gwema ukuthintana nabantu abanezifo
    • Hlala kude nabantu abasanda kuthola imigomo ephilayo
    • Bika noma yiziphi izimpawu zokutheleleka ngokushesha
    • Gcina imikhuba emihle yenhlanzeko
  • Ulwazi Lomuthi: Iziguli kufanele zazise odokotela ngokusetshenziswa kwe-cyclophosphamide ngaphambi kwanoma yiziphi izinqubo zezokwelapha noma zamazinyo, ikakhulukazi uma zithathwe phakathi nezinsuku eziyi-10 ezedlule. Iziguli kufanele zigweme ukugoma phakathi nokwelashwa ngaphandle uma kugunyazwe udokotela wazo. 

Isebenza kanjani ithebhulethi yeCyclophosphamide

Uma isemzimbeni, i-cyclophosphamide iqala ukusebenza ngezinhlelo zama-enzyme esibindi. Inqubo yokuguqula ibandakanya izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:

  • Ukuguqulwa kokuqala ku-4-hydroxy cyclophosphamide
  • Ukwakhiwa kwe-aldophosphamide
  • Ukuguqulwa kokugcina ku-phosphoramide lwesinaphi ne-acrolein
  • Ukukhishwa kwezinhlanganisela ezisebenzayo emgudwini wegazi

Ifomu elicushiwe le-cyclophosphamide lisebenza ngokubopha ku-DNA yamaseli, ikakhulukazi lawo ahlukana ngokushesha. Le nqubo ebophayo idala ukuxhumana phakathi kwemigqa ye-DNA, ivimbele amaseli ukuthi aphindaphinde izinto zawo zofuzo ngendlela efanele. Ngenxa yalokho, amangqamuzana athintekile awakwazi ukuhlukana futhi ekugcineni afe.

I-Cyclophosphamide ihlose ukuhlukanisa ngokushesha amangqamuzana omdlavuza ekwelapheni umdlavuza, iphazamise ukukhula nokusabalala kwawo. Umuthi uthinta amangqamuzana amasosha omzimba ngezimo ze-autoimmune, anciphisa amandla awo okubangela ukuvuvukala nokulimala kwezicubu.

Umuthi ubonisa imiphumela ehlukene ngokusekelwe kumthamo osetshenziswayo. Imithamo ephakeme ivamise ukubhekisa amaseli omdlavuza ngamandla, kuyilapho imithamo ephansi isebenza ngokuyinhloko njengama-immunosuppressants. 

Ngingathatha I-Cyclophosphamide Ngeminye Imithi?

Odokotela bavame ukuhlanganisa i-cyclophosphamide neminye imithi yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali ukuze kuphumelele ukwelashwa okuthuthukisiwe. Isibonelo, ekwelapheni i-lymphoma, odokotela bavame ukunikeza i-cyclophosphamide njengengxenye yomuthi we-CHOP, ohlanganisa:

Iziguli kufanele zigweme imithi ethile ngenkathi zithatha i-cyclophosphamide, ikakhulukazi:

  • Imithi yokugoma ebukhoma
  • Imithi ethile ye-antiviral
  • Ama-antibiotic athile
  • Eminye imithi yenhliziyo

Odokotela badinga ukwazi ngayo yonke imithi isiguli esiyiphuzayo, okuhlanganisa:

  • Imithi yokwelashwa
  • Imithi ethengwayo
  • Amavithamini nezithako
  • Imikhiqizo ye-Herbal

Ulwazi Lomthamo

Izazi ze-Oncologists zinquma umthamo olungile ngokusekelwe esisindweni somzimba wesiguli, isimo sempilo sisonke, nesimo eselashwayo.

Imihlahlandlela Ejwayelekile Yokudosa:

  • Umthamo wokuqala we-IV: I-40 kuya ku-50 mg / kg ihlukaniswe phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-2-5
  • Umthamo womlomo wesondlo: 1 kuya ku-5 mg / kg ngosuku
  • Umthamo womlomo wezingane: 2 kuya ku-3 mg / kg ngosuku
  • Ubude besikhathi sokwelashwa: Ngokujwayelekile azidluli izinsuku ezingama-90

Ukucatshangelwa Okukhethekile Kwabantu:

Iqembu Leziguli Ukulungiswa Kwethamo
Ukukhubazeka Okubi Kwezinso I-75% yomthamo ojwayelekile
Izinkinga Zesibindi Ezinzima Idinga ukuqapha okuseduze
Iziguli Ezikhulile Ukuhlola ngakunye kuyadingeka

Isiphetho

I-Cyclophosphamide iyithuluzi elinamandla kwezokwelapha zesimanje, isiza iziguli ukuthi zilwe nezimo ezingathi sína kusukela kumdlavuza ohlukahlukene kuya ezifweni ezinzima ze-autoimmune. Odokotela banikeza ngokucophelela le mithi ehlukahlukene njengengxenye yezinhlelo zokwelashwa ezibanzi, becabangela izidingo zesiguli ngasinye nomlando wezokwelapha. Ikhono lomuthi lokukhomba amaseli ahlukanisayo ngokushesha kanye nokucindezela ukuphendula kwamasosha omzimba asebenza ngokweqile kuwenza ubaluleke ekwelapheni izimo eziningi, nakuba ukusebenza kwawo kuncike ekuphathweni okufanele nasekuqapheni.

Ukuqwashisa ngesiguli nokubamba iqhaza okusebenzayo kuhlala kuyizici ezibalulekile zokwelashwa okuphumelelayo kwe-cyclophosphamide. Ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okuvamile, ukubambelela kwemithamo ngendlela efanele, nemibiko esheshayo yemiphumela engemihle kusiza odokotela balinganisele izinzuzo zokwelapha kanye nezingozi ezingaba khona. Iziguli eziyiqondayo imithi yazo, zilandela iziqondiso ezishiwo futhi zigcine ukuxhumana okuvulekile nethimba lazo lezokunakekelwa kwezempilo zizibeka esimweni semiphumela yokwelashwa engcono kakhulu.


Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe i-cyclophosphamide inemiphumela emibi?

Iziguli ezithatha i-cyclophosphamide zingase zibe nemiphumela emibi eminingana. Imiphumela evame kakhulu ihlanganisa isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, nokulahlekelwa izinwele kwesikhashana. Imiphumela emibi kakhulu edinga usizo ngokushesha ihlanganisa:

  • Ukusuka okungavamile noma ukulimaza
  • Izimpawu zokutheleleka (umkhuhlane, amakhaza)
  • Igazi emcimbini
  • ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
  • Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu

2. Kufanele ngithathe kanjani i-cyclophosphamide?

Odokotela batusa ukuthatha i-cyclophosphamide ekuseni ngengilazi yamanzi egcwele. Iziguli kufanele zigcine isikhathi esingaguquguquki semithamo yazo futhi ziqinisekise ukuthi ziwuphuza kahle uketshezi usuku lonke.

3. Ngubani odinga i-cyclophosphamide?

Odokotela batusa i-cyclophosphamide ezigulini ezinezinhlobonhlobo izinhlobo zomdlavuza, kuhlanganise i-lymphomas, i-leukemia, nomdlavuza webele. Umuthi usiza futhi ekwelapheni izimo ezinzima ze-autoimmune lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zibonakala zingasebenzi.

4. Zingaki izinsuku ongayithatha i-cyclophosphamide?

Ubude besikhathi sokwelashwa kuyehluka kuye ngokuthi uphathwa kanjani. Ezimweni eziningi, odokotela bavame ukunikeza i-cyclophosphamide isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezingu-90 ukuze kuncishiswe ubungozi bezinkinga.

5. I-cyclophosphamide ithathwa isikhathi esingakanani?

Ezinye iziguli zingase zidinge izinyanga ezimbalwa zokwelapha, kanti ezinye zingadinga izifundo ezimfushane ngokusekelwe ekuphenduleni kwazo kwezokwelapha.

6. Isebenza ngokushesha kangakanani i-cyclophosphamide?

Imiphumela ye-cyclophosphamide ivamise ukuqala phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-7-10 ngemuva kokuqala ukwelashwa. Nokho, inzuzo yokwelapha ephelele ingase ithathe amaviki ambalwa ukuze ibonakale.

7. Ingabe i-cyclophosphamide ithinta inhliziyo?

I-Cyclophosphamide ingaba nomthelela ekusebenzeni kwenhliziyo, ikakhulukazi ngemithamo ephezulu. Imithi ingase ibangele izinguquko esigqini senhliziyo futhi, ezimweni ezingavamile, iholele ekulimaleni kwemisipha yenhliziyo. Ukuqapha inhliziyo njalo kusiza ukuvimbela izinkinga ezinkulu.

8. Ingabe i-cyclophosphamide iqinile ezinso?

Umuthi ungathinta ukusebenza kwezinso, okudinga ukuthi iziguli zigcine amanzi okwanele. Odokotela qapha ukusebenza kwezinso ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile kulo lonke ukwelashwa.

9. Yikuphi ukudla okufanele ukugweme lapho uthatha i-cyclophosphamide?

Iziguli kufanele zigweme ukudla okuthile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa:

Ukudla Isigaba Izinto Okufanele Uzigweme
Ukudla Okuluhlaza I-Sushi, ubisi olungaxutshiwe
Izinto Ezindala Ushizi oluhlaza, imikhiqizo ephelelwe yisikhathi
Ubungozi obukhulu Ukudla kwe-buffet, amantongomane aluhlaza
iziPhuzo Ijusi yamagilebhisi (amahora angama-48 ngaphambi / ngemuva komthamo)