Desloratadine

Desloratadine

I-Desloratadine, i-antihistamine enamandla, isibe yisixazululo esithembekile kwabaningi abaphethwe yi-allergy. Lo muthi unikeza ukuphumula ezimpawini ezivamile ezifana nekhala eligijimayo, ukuthimula, namehlo alumayo angenza ukuphila kwansuku zonke kungakhululeki. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Desloratadine kudlulela ngale kokungezwani komzimba nezinkathi ezithile zonyaka. Leli philisi elishintshashintshashintshashintshayo liphinde libe nomthelela ekungezwani komzimba unyaka wonke futhi lisize ngisho nasezimeni ezithile zesikhumba. Njengoba sihlola umhlaba wale antihistamine, sizoqonda ukuthi isebenza kanjani, ukusetshenziswa kwayo okufanele, imiphumela engemihle engaba khona, nokusebenzisana okubalulekile okufanele sikukhumbule.

Iyini i-Desloratadine?

I-Desloratadine iyi-antihistamine yesizukulwane sesibili enamandla enikeza ukukhululeka ezimeni ezihlukahlukene zokungezwani komzimba. Ingokwesigaba semithi eyaziwa ngokuthi i-tricyclic antihistamines futhi inesenzo esikhethiwe nesingumngcele se-H1-antagonist. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iqondise ngokucacile futhi ivimba ama-histamine receptors emzimbeni, ivimbele ukusebenza kwamaseli abangela ukungezwani komzimba.

I-Desloratadine iyi-metabolite esebenzayo ye-loratadine, enye i-antihistamine eyaziwa kakhulu. Okwenza i-desloratadine ihluke kwamanye ama-antihistamine amaningi umphumela wayo ohlala isikhathi eside kanye nekhono layo lokugwema ukubangela ukozela.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Desloratadine

I-Desloratadine iyasiza ezimweni ezihlukahlukene zokungezwani komzimba, inikeza ukukhululeka kokubili abadala kanye nezingane. Le antihistamine enamandla ibhekana nezinhlobonhlobo zezimpawu, njenge:
Ukunciphisa Izimpawu Zokungezwani Nomzimba:

Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwamaphilisi e-desloratadine ukunciphisa izimpawu ze-hay fever kanye nokunye ukungezwani komzimba, njenge-rhinitis ye-allergenic yonyaka kanye i-rhinitis ye-allergic engapheli.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Urticaria:

I-Desloratadine isiza ukukhulula izimpawu ezingakhululekile ze-urticaria noma i-hives, inikeze ukukhululeka okudingeka kakhulu kulabo abaphethwe yilesi simo.
Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko ze-desloratadine yizindawo zayo ezingahlali. Ngokungafani namanye ama-antihistamine amaningi, i-desloratadine ayingeni ebuchosheni isuka egazini. Lesi sici sisho ukuthi akubangeli ukozela, umphumela ovamile wemithi eminingi yokungezwani komzimba.

Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-Desloratadine?

I-Desloratadine iza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi, izixazululo zomlomo, namaphilisi ahlakazeka ngomlomo. Ifomu ngalinye linemiyalo ethile yokusetshenziswa okufanele ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu. Kubalulekile ukulandela izikhombisi-ndlela ezikulebula kadokotela ngokucophelela.

• Iziguli zithatha amaphilisi e-desloratadine kanye ngosuku, ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla.
• Ngohlobo lwesiraphu ye-desloratadine, ukukala okunembile kubalulekile. Abazali noma abanakekeli kufanele basebenzise i-dropper yokukala elinganiselwe noma isirinji ukuze balinganise umthamo ofanele wezingane. 
• Qinisekisa ukuthi izandla zomile ngaphambi kokuphatha ithebhulethi ehlakazeka ngomlomo.

Iziqondiso Zomthamo

Umthamo uyahlukahluka kuye ngeminyaka yesiguli kanye nesimo eselashwayo. Nayi imihlahlandlela ejwayelekile:
Ukuze isifuba esingamahlalakhona:

• Izingane ezineminyaka engu-12 nangaphezulu kanye nabantu abadala: 5 mg OD (kanye ngosuku) 
• Izingane ezineminyaka engu-6 kuya ku-11: 2.5 mg OD (kanye ngosuku)
• Izingane ezineminyaka engu-4 kuya kwemi-5: 1.25 mg kanye ngosuku
• Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emine: Akunconyiwe

Ngomkhuhlane we-hay fever, umthamo uyafana naleyo yezinyosi ezingapheli.

Imiphumela emibi ye-Desloratadine Tablet

Nakuba amaphilisi e-desloratadine enikeza ukukhululeka ezimpawu zokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile, angase abangele nemiphumela ethile engadingeki.

Imiphumela Emibi Evamile:

Umphumela ovame ukubikwa kaningi wephilisi le-desloratadine ubuhlungu bekhanda. Abanye abantu bangase futhi bezwe:

• isiyezi
• Umlomo omile
• Ukukhathala noma ukukhathala okungajwayelekile
• Ukulala noma ukozela
• I-nausea
• Imithelela Emincane Evamile

Abanye abantu bangase babe:

• I-Dyspepsia (i-dyspepsia, ukuqunjelwa, isilungulela noma isilungulela)
• I-Myalgia (ubuhlungu bemisipha noma ubuhlungu obuhlangene)
• I-Pharyngitis (i-hoarseness noma umphimbo obuhlungu)
• Kwabesifazane, ukuya esikhathini okubuhlungu (dysmenorrhea) kubikwe njengomphumela ongajwayelekile ongajwayelekile.

Imiphumela Engathandeki Engavamile Kodwa Ebi

Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-desloratadine ingase ibangele imiphumela emibi kakhulu edinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• I-Anaphylaxis: Lokhu kusabela okunamandla kwe-allergic kungabangela izimpawu eziningi, ezinjengobunzima bokugwinya, isiyezi, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukuphefumula, nokuvuvukala kobuso, ulimi, noma umphimbo.
• Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukuphefumula kanzima
• Ukuvuvukala ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zomzimba
• I-Tachycardia (isilinganiso senhliziyo esisheshayo ngokungavamile)
• I-Urticaria noma isifuba noma ama-welts, ngokuvamile ahambisana nokuluma kanye nokuba bomvu kwesikhumba.

Ukuqapha

Iziguli ezithatha amaphilisi e-desloratadine kumele ziqaphele futhi zilandele izinyathelo zokuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokusebenza ngempumelelo kwemithi, okuhlanganisa: 

• Ukungezwani komzimba ne-desloratadine, i-loratadine, nanoma yimiphi eminye imithi 
• Isifo sezinso noma isibindi
• Ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa
• •Eminye imikhiqizo ye-desloratadine inoshukela noma i-aspartame. Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela noma i-phenylketonuria (PKU) kufanele zithintane nodokotela wazo mayelana nokusebenzisa umuthi ngokuphepha.
• Ngaphambi kokwenza noma iyiphi inqubo yokuhlinzwa, iziguli kufanele zazise udokotela wazo ngazo zonke izidakamizwa ezizisebenzisayo, kuhlanganise ne-desloratadine.
• I-Desloratadine ingase ihlangane neminye imithi. Iziguli kufanele zinikeze uhlu olubanzi lwayo yonke imithi kadokotela nengezona ezakho, amavithamini, izithasiselo zokudla okunomsoco, nemikhiqizo yamakhambi eziyithathayo noma ezihlela ukuyidla. 

Isebenza kanjani i-Desloratadine

I-Desloratadine iyi-antihistamine enamandla ethinta ukungezwani komzimba. Lo muthi ungowesigaba sezidakamizwa ezaziwa ngokuthi isizukulwane sesibili se-H1-receptor antagonists. Inesenzo somphikisi we-H1 esikhethiwe nesiseduze, okusho ukuthi iqondise ngokusobala ama-histamine receptors ngaphandle kwesistimu yezinzwa emaphakathi.

Ngokuvimbela i-histamine ukuthi inganamatheli kulawa ma-receptors, i-desloratadine imisa ukusabela kweketango okubangela izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba. Le ndlela ehlosiwe ivumela ukuthi iphathe ngokuphumelelayo izimo ezihlukahlukene zokungezwani komzimba ngaphandle kokubangela imiphumela emibi kakhulu yamanye ama-antihistamine amaningi.

Ngingakwazi Ukuthatha I-Desloratadine Ngeminye Imithi?

I-Desloratadine ingasebenzisana nemithi ehlukahlukene, futhi kubalulekile ukuqonda lokhu kuxhumana ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwelashwa okuphephile nokusebenzayo. Eminye yemithi esebenzisana ne-desloratadine ihlanganisa:

• I-Erythromycin
• I-Ketoconazole
• I-Pitolisant
• Ama-antigen okuhlola isikhumba (amaningi)
• I-Tuberculin ihlanza amaprotheni esuselwe

Ingozi noma ukuqina kokucindezeleka kwesimiso sezinzwa esimaphakathi (CNS) kungakhula lapho i-desloratadine ihlanganiswa nemithi ethile. Ngokwesibonelo:

• I-Acetazolamide
• I-Acetophenazine
• I-Aclidinium
• I-Acrivastine
• Benzodiazepine

Kwezinye izimo, eminye imithi kuye kwasolwa ukuthi ibangela ukucindezeleka lapho isetshenziswa kanye ne-desloratadine. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• I-diphenhydramine
• Levothyroxine
• I-Loratadine 
• I-Montelukast
• I-Paroxetine
• I-Permethrin
• I-Tolterodine
• I-Triamcinolone
• I-Xylometazoline

Iziguli ezisebenzisa ama-antidepressants noma lezo ezinomlando wokucindezeleka kufanele ziqaphele futhi zithintane nodokotela wazo ngaphambi kokuthatha i-desloratadine. 

Isiphetho

I-Desloratadine isebenza ngokuvimbela ngokukhetha i-histamine receptors, ivimbele ukuqubuka kokungezwani komzimba emzimbeni. Izakhiwo zayo ezingalalisi kanye nokusebenza kahle ekulawuleni izimo ezihlukahlukene zokungezwani komzimba kuyenza ibe ithuluzi elibalulekile ekwelapheni ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile. Iphrofayili yemithi ye-desloratadine eyingqayizivele ivumela ukuthi ikhulule izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ngenkathi inciphisa imiphumela emibi kanye nokusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa. Iziguli kufanele zithintane nodokotela wazo ukuze ziqinisekise ukusetshenziswa okuphephile, ikakhulukazi uma zinezimo zempilo ezikhona noma zisebenzisa ezinye izidakamizwa. 

FAQ sika

1. Isetshenziselwa ini i-desloratadine?

I-Desloratadine isetshenziselwa izimo ezihlukahlukene zokungezwani komzimba, inikeza ukukhululeka kokubili abantu abadala kanye nezingane. Okulandelayo ukusetshenziswa kwethebhulethi ye-deslor:

• I-rhinitis ye-allergenic yesizini (hay fever)
• I-perennial rhinitis ye-allergic
• I-urticaria ye-idiopathic engapheli (i-hives)

Kuyasiza ekudambiseni izimpawu ezifana nokuthimula, ikhala eligijimayo, amehlo alumelayo namanzi, kanye nokucinana kwamakhala. 

2. Ngingakwazi yini ukuthatha i-desloratadine kabili ngosuku?

I-Desloratadine ithathwa kanye ngosuku. Ingxenye yempilo ende ye-desloratadine, cishe amahora angama-27, ivumela ukuthakwa kanye ngosuku. Ukuyithatha kabili ngosuku akunconywa futhi kungase kwandise ingozi yemiphumela engemihle. Uma uzwa sengathi umthamo wakho wamanje awunikezi ukukhululeka okwanele, kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela wakho kunokuba ulungise umthamo uwedwa.

3. Ubani Ongakwazi ukuthatha i-desloratadine?

Abantu abathile kufanele baqaphele noma bagweme ukuthatha i-desloratadine:

• Abantu abangezwani ne-desloratadine noma yiziphi izithako zayo
• Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12 ubudala (ifomu lethebhulethi)
• Izinsana nezingane ezineminyaka engu-4 ubudala (ngefomu lesiraphu)
• Iziguli ezinezinso ezinzima noma izimo zesibindi
• Ukwengeza, iziguli ezine-phenylketonuria (PKU) kufanele ziqaphele, njengoba ezinye izinhlobo ze-desloratadine zingase zibe ne-aspartame.

4. Ingabe i-desloratadine iphephile ezinso?

I-Desloratadine ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengephephile kubantu abaningi. Nokho, iziguli ezinezinkinga zezinso zingase zidinge ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile. Ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi iziguli ezinokukhubazeka kwezinso ziye zanda cishe izikhathi ezingu-2.5 zokuchayeka ku-desloratadine uma kuqhathaniswa nalezo ezinomsebenzi ojwayelekile wezinso. Ngakho-ke, abantu ngabanye Izinkinga zezinso kufanele babonane nodokotela wabo ngaphambi kokuthatha i-desloratadine, njengoba bangadinga ukulungiswa komthamo.

5. Kungani i-desloratadine ithathwa ebusuku?

Nakuba i-desloratadine ingathathwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku, abanye abantu bakhetha ukuyiphuza ebusuku. Nasi isizathu:

• I-Desloratadine inesigamu sempilo ende cishe amahora angama-27, ihlinzeka ngekhava yamahora angama-24 kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ithathwe nini.
• Umthamo wakusihlwa unganikeza ukukhululeka okungcono kwezimpawu zasekuseni eziphakeme ngenxa ye-pharmacokinetics yomuthi.

6. Ingabe i-desloratadine iphephile esibindini?

I-Desloratadine ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengephephile kubantu abaningi, kodwa labo abanezinkinga zesibindi kufanele baqaphele. Iziguli ezinokukhubazeka kwesibindi zingase ziwucubungule kahle umuthi. Kungaholela ekugxilweni okuphezulu kwe-plasma kanye nengxenye yempilo ende yemithi, okwandisa ingozi yemiphumela emibi. Abantu abanezinkinga zesibindi kufanele babonane nodokotela wabo ngaphambi kokuthatha i-desloratadine.