Dexamethasone

Dexamethasone

I-Dexamethasone iyi-corticosteroid. Ziyikhophi ye-hormone eyenziwa ngokwemvelo emizimbeni. Ungayithola kuphela ngencwadi kadokotela; ifika ngezibhebhe, izibhebhe ezincibilikayo, kanye noketshezi. 

Isebenza Kanjani I-Dexamethasone?

I-Dexamethasone yenza imiphumela yayo ngokushintsha indlela amasosha omzimba asabela ngayo kanye nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala. Lokhu ikwenza ngokuvimbela ukukhiqizwa nokukhululwa kwezinto emzimbeni ezibangela ukuvuvukala kanye nezimpendulo zokuzivikela komzimba. Lesi senzo sokulwa nokuvuvukala senza kube usizo ekwelapheni izimo eziningi.

Yiziphi izici zokusetshenziswa kweDexamethasone?

Le steroid isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimo zezempilo ezihlukahlukene. Isetshenziswa ezibhedlela ukwelapha iziguli ezibucayi ezine-COVID-19 nezinye izifo. Kunganciphisa futhi imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa komdlavuza. Inezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo futhi, njenge:    

• Isifo Sokuqaqamba Kwamalunga
• Igazi noma ukuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal
• Ukuphendula kwe-allergen
• Izifo zesikhumba
• Izinkinga zamehlo
• Izinkinga zokuphuza
• Ukuphazamiseka kwamathumbu
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu yomzimba

Ungayithatha kanjani futhi nini i-Dexamethasone?

Ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela lapho uthatha lo muthi kubalulekile. Ngaso sonke isikhathi landela izinkombandlela ezinikezwe yibona ngenkathi uthatha i-Dexamethasone. 

Odokotela bavame ukusikisela ukuthi uyiphuze ngemva kokudla, ukudla okulula noma ukudla. Ukuyidla esiswini esingenalutho akukhuthazwa. Amaphilisi ancibilikayo angancibilika engilazini yamanzi futhi ajovwe. Kwamanye amaphilisi, ungawagwinya ngengilazi yamanzi. 

Ngoketshezi lweDexamethasone, kunesipuni sepulasitiki noma isirinji engakusiza ukukala umthamo ofanele. 

Iyini imiphumela emibi ye-Dexamethasone?

Nansi imiphumela emibi engaba khona ye-Dexamethasone: 

• Inzuzo yesisindo
• Ukuzithoba
• Izinkinga zokulala
• Isimo sengqondo esimaphakathi siyashintsha
• Ukutheleleka
• I-Cushing's syndrome
• Izinkinga ze-adrenal gland
• Ushukela ophakeme wegazi
• I-potassium ephansi 
• Izinkinga zama-pancreas
• I-DVT noma ihlule legazi
• ukopha zangaphakathi
• Ukushintsha kungazelelwe emehlweni

Yiziphi izinyathelo zokuphepha okufanele zithathwe?    

• Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma umchamo okuvamile ngemiphumela engadingeki.
• Yazisa udokotela wakho uma ukhulelwe noma uncelisa ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi.
• Tshela udokotela wakho mayelana nokunye okukukhathazayo kwezempilo nokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo uma ubhekene nakho. 
• Xhumana nodokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinjengokungaboni kahle, isiyezi, ukuquleka, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo nokushaya ngamandla, ukoma okwandayo noma ukuchama, ukucasuka, ukukhathala okungavamile, ubuthakathaka, ukungaboni kahle, noma ukufunda ubunzima, ubuhlungu bamathambo, ubuhlungu bemisipha, ububele, ukucindezeleka, ukushintsha kwemizwelo, ukungakwazi ukulala, ukushintsha kobuntu. 

Kuthiwani uma ngiphuthelwe umthamo we-Dexamethasone?

Uma ukhohlwe ukuphuza umthamo we-Dexamethasone kodwa ubulokhu uyithatha kanye ngosuku, yiphuze ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula. Nokho, yeqa umthamo ogejiwe uma kuyisikhathi somthamo olandelayo ohleliwe. 

Uma uthatha i-Dexamethasone izikhathi ezi-2-3 ngosuku, thatha umthamo ngokushesha uma ukhumbula inqobo nje uma kukhona amahora angaphezu kwama-2 kuze kufike elilandelayo. Uma kungenjalo, thatha ngqo olandelayo.

Ukuthatha umthamo ophindwe kabili wokukhohlwa akunconywa. 

Kuthiwani uma kune-overdose ye-Dexamethasone?

Ungathathi i-overdose kulo muthi ukuze uthole imiphumela esheshayo, thintana nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi uma udlule ngokweqile ngalo muthi ngephutha futhi ube nemiphumela emibi kakhulu yalokhu. 

Yiziphi izimo zokugcina i-Dexamethasone?

Gcina lo muthi ekamelweni lokushisa elivamile kude nelanga eliqondile nokushisa. Futhi, yigcine kude nalapho izingane nezilwane ezifuywayo zingafinyeleleki khona. 

Ukuqapha neminye imithi

Amathuba okuba nemiphumela engemihle angakhuphuka uma ephuzwa neminye imithi. 

Xhumana nodokotela wakho uma uthatha le mithi elandelayo: 

• Warfarin
• I-Rifampicin ne-rifabutin
• Umuthi we-Antifungal
• Umuthi wesifo sokuwa njengephenytoin, carbamazepine, phenobarbitone, primidone
• Ama-antacid esisu noma omunye umuthi wezinkinga zesisu
• Izidakamizwa ezingekho-steroidal anti-inflammatory njengomthamo ophezulu we-aspirin wokunciphisa ubuhlungu, ibuprofen, i-diclofenac
• Umuthi we-HIV
• Ukugoma kwakamuva noma uma kufanele.

I-Dexamethasone ibonisa ngokushesha kangakanani imiphumela?

Imiphumela ephezulu ye-Dexamethasone ifinyelelwa phakathi nemizuzu eyi-10-30 yokuphathwa kwayo. 

I-Dexamethasone iyincwadi kadokotela kuphela. Ngakho-ke thintana nodokotela ngaphambi kokuthatha umuthi. Qinisekisa ukuthi uxoxile nodokotela wakho ngezimo zezokwelapha zangaphambili kanye nemithi eqhubekayo ngaphambi kokuthatha umuthi.

Iphephe kangakanani i-Dexamethasone?

Ama-Corticosteroids, njenge-dexamethasone, ngokuvamile aphephile. Izinzuzo zabo zikhulu kakhulu kunezithiyo ezingase zibe khona, ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezinenyumoniya enzima. Kungenzeka ukuthi bangase banyuse amazinga kashukela egazini (hyperglycemia), ngakho odokotela kufanele bakubheke lokhu, ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela.

Ukuqhathaniswa komuthi weDexamethasone neGlycerol

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Isetshenziselwa ini iDexamethasone?

I-Dexamethasone isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimo ezehlukene, okuhlanganisa izifo ezivuvukalayo, izifo ezihlasela amasosha omzimba, ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza.

2. Yimiphi imiphumela emibi evamile ye-Dexamethasone?

Imiphumela emibi evamile ingase ihlanganise ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla, ukukhuluphala, ukushintsha kwemizwelo, ukuqwasha, nomfutho wegazi ophakeme.

3. Ingabe i-Dexamethasone iphephile ezinganeni?

I-Dexamethasone ingasetshenziswa ezinganeni, kodwa umthamo nobude besikhathi kufanele kuqashelwe ngokucophelela ngudokotela wezingane.

4. Ingabe i-Dexamethasone ingasetshenziswa ukwelapha i-COVID-19?

I-Dexamethasone isetshenziselwe ukwelapha izimo ezinzima ze-COVID-19 ukuze kwehliswe ukuvuvukala emaphashini futhi kuthuthukiswe imiphumela. Kodwa-ke, kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondisa kodokotela.

5. Ingabe ikhona imikhawulo yokudla ngenkathi uthatha i-Dexamethasone?

Ngokuvamile kuyalulekwa ukuba ulandele ukudla okunempilo ngenkathi uthatha i-Dexamethasone, njengoba ingaholela ekuzuzeni isisindo kanye nezinye izinguquko ze-metabolic.

Okubhekwayo

https://www.drugs.com/pro/Dexamethasone-injection.html#:~:text=Store%20at%2020%C2%B0%20to,Protect%20from%20light. https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/Dexamethasone-oral-route/precautions/drg-20075207#:~:text=Talk%20to%20your%20doctor%20right,or%20unusual%20tiredness%20or%20weakness.
https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-1027-5021/Dexamethasone-oral/Dexamethasone-oral/details
https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/Dexamethasone-tablets-and-liquid/#:~:text=When%20prescribed%20in%20doses%20higher,help%20calm%20your%20immune%20system

Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Ulwazi olunikezwe lapha alwenzelwe ukufaka iseluleko esivela kuchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ulwazi aluhloselwe ukumboza konke ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka, imiphumela engemihle, izinyathelo zokuphepha, nokusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa. Lolu lwazi aluhloselwe ukuphakamisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa umuthi othile kufanelekile, kuphephile, noma kuyasebenza wena noma omunye umuntu. Ukungabi bikho kwanoma yiluphi ulwazi noma isexwayiso mayelana nomuthi akufanele kuhunyushwe njengesiqinisekiso esicacile esivela enhlanganweni. Sikweluleka ngokuqinile ukuthi uthintane nodokotela uma kukhona okukukhathazayo ngomuthi futhi ungalokothi usebenzise umuthi ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.