IGlipizide

IGlipizide

I-Glipizide umuthi onamandla osetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo sikashukela (uhlobo 2). Kungokwesigaba sezidakamizwa ezibizwa nge-sulfonylureas, ezisebenza ngokwenza amanyikwe asebenze ukuze akhiphe i-insulin eyengeziwe. Lo muthi usiza abantu abane thayipha 2 sikashukela ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini ngempumelelo. Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-glipizide ukwehlisa ushukela wegazi ngokwenza amanyikwe akhiphe i-insulin. I-insulin iyinto eyenziwe ngokwemvelo edingekayo ukuze kwehliswe ushukela emzimbeni. 

Ukusetshenziswa kwethebhulethi ye-Glipizide

Njengesizukulwane sesibili se-sulfonylurea, i-glipizide ingeyeqembu lezidakamizwa ezisebenza ngendlela efanayo ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini. Isebenza njenge-ejenti yomlomo ye-hypoglycemic, esiza ukwehlisa ushukela wegazi ngempumelelo. Umuthi ufinyelela lokhu ngokuvuselela ukukhululwa kwe-insulin kumanyikwe futhi ukhuthaze imiphumela ebonisa i-insulin emisipha, amafutha, namaseli esibindi.

Odokotela kwesinye isikhathi bangase banikeze i-glipizide neminye imithi yesifo sikashukela, njenge-metformin, ukuze bathole ukulawulwa okungcono kwe-glycemic. Lokhu kwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe kuvame ukucatshangelwa lapho iziguli zingakutholi ukulawulwa okwanele kwe-metabolic phakathi nezinyanga ezintathu naphezu kokunamathela ekudleni, Ukuvivinya, kanye nemithi yemithi.

Uma isiguli singabekezelelani noma sine-contraindication ekusetshenzisweni kwe-metformin, i-glipizide ingase inqunywe njengowukuphela komuthi wokulawula isifo sikashukela. 

Ungawasebenzisa kanjani amaphilisi e-Glipizide

I-Glipizide iza ngezinhlobo ezimbili- amaphilisi okukhululwa ngokushesha (IR) kanye nokukhululwa okunwetshiwe (ER). Uhlobo ngalunye luneziqondiso eziqondile zokusebenzisa kahle.

Ukuze uthole amaphilisi akhishwa ngokushesha, iziguli kufanele ziwaphuze imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokudla. Lesi sikhathi sivumela umuthi we-glipizide ukuthi uqale ukusebenza njengoba ukudla kungena ohlelweni. Uma isiguli sigeja umthamo, singathathwa ngokushesha njengoba sikhumbula kodwa kufanele kulandelwe ukudla kungakapheli imizuzu engama-30. Uma kungekho sidlo esihleliwe phakathi naleso sikhathi, ukweqa umthamo ogejiwe kungcono kakhulu.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaphilisi akhululiwe kufanele aphuzwe kanye nokudla, ngokuvamile ukudla kwasekuseni noma ukudla kokuqala kosuku. Uma ibhulakufesi liphuthelwa, iziguli zisengakwazi ukuthatha umthamo kamuva emini ngokunye ukudla. Kodwa-ke, uma kungenakudla, ukweqa umthamo kuyancomeka.

Imiphumela Emibi Yethebhulethi ye-Glipizide

Iziguli ezithatha i-glipizide zingase zibe nemiphumela emibi embalwa evamile. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• isiyezi
• Uhudo
• Ukwesaba
• Ukuzwa jittery noma shaky
• Gas
• Izinkinga zokugaya ukudla ezifana nokucanuzela kwenhliziyo noma ukuqunjelwa
• Inzuzo yesisindo
• Ukukhwabanisa isikhumba
• Ukuphoqa
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo

Nakuba ingajwayelekile kangako, i-glipizide ingabangela imiphumela emibi kakhulu edinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• Ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu
• Amajaqamba esisu
• Ushukela wegazi ophansi (Hypoglycemia)
• Izibalo eziphansi zamaseli egazi noma iplatelet
• Amazinga e-sodium egazini aphansi
• ubuhlungu Joint
• Izinkinga zesibindi

Ukuqapha

Iqembu elilandelayo kufanele liqaphele ngenkathi lithatha i-glipizide:

• Iziguli kufanele ziqaphe lapho ziphuza utshwala, ngoba kungadala ushukela ophansi kakhulu uma kuhlanganiswa ne-glipizide. 
• Iziguli kufanele zifune isiqondiso sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma zithola izimpawu ezifana nalezi ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphelelwa umoya, noma ubuhlungu emhlathini, ezingalweni, emhlane, noma entanyeni ngenkathi uthatha i-glipizide. 
• Abantu abanezimo ezithile zesistimu, ezifana nesifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1, isifo sikashukela i-ketoacidosis, noma ukuntula kwe-G6PD
• Abantu abanokungezwani komzimba ne-glipizide noma amanye ama-sulfonylureas
• Abesifazane abakhulelwe noma labo abahlela ukukhulelwa 

Isebenza kanjani ithebhulethi ye-Glipizide

I-Glipizide ivela eqenjini lezidakamizwa ezibizwa nge-sulfonylureas, ezehlisa amazinga kashukela egazini ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Lo muthi usebenza ngokuyinhloko ngokushukumisa amanyikwe ukuthi akhiphe i-insulin eyengeziwe, esiza ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini ngempumelelo.

Lapho umuntu edla ukudla, ama-carbohydrate asuka ekudleni angena egazini, okwenza amazinga kashukela egazini anyuke. Ngenxa yalokho, amanyikwe ngokuvamile akhipha i-insulin, ihomoni etshela umzimba ukuthi uhambise ushukela egazini uye kumaseli. Kodwa-ke, kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, le nqubo ayisebenzi kahle, okuholela ekukhuphukeni kwamazinga kashukela egazini.

I-Glipizide ibhekana nalolu daba ngokubopha ama-sulfonylurea receptors kumaseli we-pancreatic beta. Lokhu kubophezela kubangela ukuvalwa kweziteshi ze-potassium ezizwela i-ATP, okuholela ekuwohlokeni kwamaseli e-beta. Ngenxa yalokho, imigudu ye-calcium engezwani nogesi iyavuleka, ivumele ama-ion e-calcium ukuthi agelezele kumaseli. Ukwanda kokuhlushwa kwe-calcium engaphakathi kweseli kukhuthaza ukukhululwa kwe-insulin kuma-granules okugcina ngaphakathi kwamaseli e-beta.

Ukuqala kokuqala komphumela wokwehlisa ushukela wegazi we-glipizide kwenzeka cishe imizuzu engama-30 ngemuva kokuphathwa, isikhathi sokusebenza sithatha cishe amahora ayi-12 kuye kwangama-24. Lokhu kuqala okusheshayo nobude besikhathi eside kwenza i-glipizide ibe yimpahla yokulawula amazinga kashukela egazini usuku lonke.

Ngingakwazi Ukuthatha I-Glipizide Ngeminye Imithi?

Eminye imithi ingakhuphula amathuba e-hypoglycemia (ushukela ophansi wegazi) uma ithathwa ne-glipizide. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• I-Beta-blockers (njenge-propranolol noma i-atenolol)
• Ama-antifungal athile (isb, i-fluconazole, i-miconazole)
• Eminye imithi yesifo sikashukela
• Amanye ama-antibiotics 

Eminye imithi ingaphazamisa ikhono le-glipizide lokwehlisa ushukela wegazi, okwenza kube inselele ukugcina amazinga azinzile. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• I-Atypical antipsychotics (isb, i-clozapine, i-olanzapine)
• Ama-block block wesiteshi seCalcium
• I-Corticosteroids (isb, i-prednisone, i-dexamethasone)
• I-Diuretics (i-hydrochlorothiazide)
• I-Nicotinic acid
• Izivimbela-nzalo ezine-Oestrogen
• I-Thyroid amahomoni 

Ulwazi Lomthamo

Kubantu abadala abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, amaphilisi akhishwa ngokushesha ngokuvamile aqala ku-5 mg kanye ngosuku, athathwa imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokudla kwasekuseni. 

Amaphilisi okukhishwa okunwetshiwe aqala ngo-5 mg nsuku zonke futhi athathwa kanye nesidlo sasekuseni. 

Isiphetho

I-Glipizide isiza ukuphatha isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 ngokuvuselela ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-insulin. Umuthi oguquguqukayo ongasetshenziswa wodwa noma uhlanganiswe nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini ngempumelelo. Kodwa-ke, iziguli kufanele zazi ngemiphumela emibi engaba khona kanye nokusebenzisana neminye imithi, okwenza ukuhlolwa njalo nodokotela kubaluleke kakhulu.

FAQ sika

1. I-glipizide isetshenziselwa ini ngokuyinhloko?

I-Glipizide iwusizo kakhulu ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kubantu abadala. Kungokwesigaba sezidakamizwa ezibizwa nge-sulfonylureas. Leli qembu lemithi ligqugquzela amanyikwe ukuthi akhiqize okwengeziwe insulin. Le nqubo isiza ukwehlisa amazinga kashukela egazini kubantu abakhiqiza i-insulin ngokwemvelo. 

2. Ubani okufanele aphuze i-glipizide?

Odokotela ngokuvamile banikeza i-glipizide kubantu abadala abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 abangakwazi ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini ngokudla nangokuvivinya umzimba kuphela. 

3. Ingabe kubi ukusebenzisa i-glipizide nsuku zonke?

Ukusebenzisa i-glipizide nsuku zonke njengoba kuyalelwe udokotela ngokuvamile kuthathwa njengokulungile. Idizayinelwe ukusetshenziswa njalo ukusiza ukuphatha amazinga kashukela egazini ngempumelelo. 

4. Ingabe i-glipizide iphephile?

I-Glipizide ngokuvamile iphephile uma isetshenziswa njengoba kuyalelwe. Kodwa-ke, njengayo yonke imithi, ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Imiphumela emibi evamile ingase ihlanganise izinkinga zokugaya ukudla, isiyezi, ukozela, bekhanda, kanye nokungezwani komzimba okuncane. 

5. Ubani Ongakwazi ukusebenzisa i-glipizide?

Amaqembu amaningana abantu akufanele asebenzise i-glipizide:

• Abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1
• Labo abane-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela
• Abantu abanokungezwani komzimba ne-glipizide noma amanye ama-sulfonylureas
• Abantu abanokuntuleka kwe-G6PD
• Abesifazane abakhulelwe noma labo abahlela ukukhulelwa 

6. Ingabe i-glipizide iphephile ezinso?

I-Glipizide ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengephephile ezigulini ezinezinkinga zezinso, kuhlanganise nalezo ezinokwehluleka kwezinso okumaphakathi kuya kokunzima. 

7. Ngingakwazi ukuthatha i-glipizide ebusuku?

Ukuthatha i-glipizide ebusuku ngokuvamile akunconywa ngaphandle uma kuqondiswa udokotela, njengoba kungase kwandise ubungozi be-nocturnal hypoglycemia.

8. Ingabe i-glipizide ayilungile esibindini sakho?

Nakuba i-glipizide ngokuvamile ingabhekwa njengeyingozi esibindini, kube nemibiko engandile yezinkinga zesibindi ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kwayo. 

9. Ingabe i-glipizide iphephile enhliziyweni?

Olunye ucwaningo luveze ukuthi i-sulfonylureas ingandisa ingozi yezehlakalo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezinesifo esivele sikhona. Isifo senhliziyo. Kodwa-ke, ubufakazi abuqiniseki, futhi izifundo ezihlukene zinemiphumela exubile.

Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Ulwazi olunikezwe lapha alwenzelwe ukufaka iseluleko esivela kuchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ulwazi aluhloselwe ukumboza konke ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka, imiphumela engemihle, izinyathelo zokuphepha, nokusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa. Lolu lwazi aluhloselwe ukuphakamisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa umuthi othile kufanelekile, kuphephile, noma kuyasebenza wena noma omunye umuntu. Ukungabi bikho kwanoma yiluphi ulwazi noma isexwayiso mayelana nomuthi akufanele kuhunyushwe njengesiqinisekiso esicacile esivela enhlanganweni. Sikweluleka ngokuqinile ukuthi uthintane nodokotela uma kukhona okukukhathazayo ngomuthi futhi ungalokothi usebenzise umuthi ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.