IHaloperidol

IHaloperidol

Ukwelashwa kwempilo yengqondo kuye kwavela ngokuphawulekayo phakathi neminyaka edlule, futhi i-haloperidol imile njengeminye yemithi enikezwa kabanzi ekunakekelweni kwengqondo. Lo muthi onamandla usiza izigidi zabantu ukuphatha izimo zempilo yengqondo ehlukahlukene ngempumelelo. Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uhlola konke okudingwa yiziguli mayelana nemithi ye-haloperidol, ukuphathwa ngendlela efanele, imiphumela engemihle engaba khona, kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha ezidingekayo. 

Iyini iHaloperidol?

Iyingxenye yeqembu lemithi elibizwa ngokuthi i-conventional antipsychotics, esebenza ngokuyinhloko ngokunciphisa injabulo engavamile ebuchosheni. Njenge-antipsychotic yesizukulwane sokuqala enamandla aphezulu, ingenye yemithi evame ukunikezwa emhlabeni jikelele.

Ezigulini ezinokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, i-haloperidol isiza ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokuhlangenwe nakho kwangempela nokungelona iqiniso. Isebenza kahle kakhulu ekulawuleni izimpawu 'ezinhle' ze-schizophrenia, ezifana nokubona izinto ezingekho, amazwi okuzwa, nenkulumo engahlelekile.

Ukusetshenziswa kweHaloperidol

Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwamaphilisi e-haloperidol kuhlanganisa:

• Ukwelashwa kokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukusiza iziguli ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokuhlangenwe nakho kwangempela nokungekona okwangempela
• Ukulawulwa kwe-motor ne-tic tic kubantu abadala kanye nezingane ezine-Tourette's disorder
• Ukulawulwa kwezinkinga ezinzima zokuziphatha, ikakhulukazi ukuziphatha okuqhumayo kanye nolaka ezinganeni
• Ukwelashwa kokudideka kanye nobunzima bokucabanga okubangelwa ukugula okunzima ngokomzimba noma ngokwengqondo

Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-Haloperidol Tablet

Ukuthatha amaphilisi e-haloperidol ngendlela efanele kuqinisekisa imiphumela engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa. Iziguli kufanele zigwinye wonke amaphilisi ngengilazi yamanzi egcwele.  

Ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle, iziguli kufanele zilandele lezi ziqondiso ezibalulekile:

• Thatha umuthi njengoba uyalelwe udokotela
• Gcina isikhathi esingaguquki semithamo usuku ngalunye
• Ungalokothi ulungise umthamo ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela
• Hlanganisa uketshezi olumanzi namanzi noma iziphuzo ezifana nejusi yewolintshi, ijusi ye-apula, noma i-cola
• Sebenzisa idivayisi yokulinganisa enikeziwe ukuze wenze uketshezi, hhayi izinkezo zasekhishini

Imiphumela Emibi Yethebhulethi ye-Haloperidol

Iziguli zingase zithole le miphumela emibi kakhulu, evame ukuba ngcono njengoba umzimba ujwayela umuthi:

• Ukozela noma ukukhathala
• Umlomo omile
• Umbono ophundlekile
• ukuqunjelwa
• Kunzima ukulala
• Ukuphumula
• Izinguquko zesisindo

Umuntu kufanele athinte odokotela bakhe ngokushesha uma ebona:

• Ukunyakaza okungahleliwe kobuso, ulimi, noma ezinye izitho zomzimba
• Ukuqina kwemisipha noma ama-spasms
• Izinguquko ekushayeni kwenhliziyo
• Isiyezi esinzima
• Ukushintsha kwemizwa okungajwayelekile
• Ubunzima bokukhuluma noma ukugwinya

Ukuqapha

Iziguli ezithatha i-haloperidol zidinga ukuqaphela izinyathelo eziningana zokuphepha ezidingekayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo. 

Izimo Zezokwelapha Ezidinga Ukunakekelwa Okukhethekile:

• Isifo sikaParkinson noma ukuwohloka komqondo komzimba kaLewy
• Izimo zenhliziyo, ikakhulukazi lezo ezithinta isigqi senhliziyo
• Izinkinga zesibindi
• Isifo sokuwa noma umlando wokuquleka
• Izinkinga ze-thyroid
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi

Ukucatshangelwa Okukhethekile:

• Gwema ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi usebenzisa imithi
• Qaphela kakhulu ngesikhathi sezulu esishisayo ukuze uvimbele ukushisa ngokweqile
• Sebenzisa isivikelo elangeni njengoba umuthi ungandisa ukuzwela kwesikhumba
• Gwema ukuphakama ngokushesha lapho uhlezi noma ulele ukuze ugweme isiyezi

Isebenza kanjani ithebhulethi ye-Haloperidol

Isayensi esebenza ngempumelelo ye-haloperidol isekuxhumaneni kwayo okuyingqayizivele nesistimu yemiyalezo yamakhemikhali yobuchopho. Lo muthi ungowomndeni we-butyrophenone futhi usebenza ngokuyinhloko ngokuthinta indlela ubuchopho obusebenza ngayo amakhemikhali athile. Isenzo esiyinhloko se-Haloperidol sivela emandleni anamandla okuvimba i-dopamine ama-receptors, ikakhulukazi uhlobo lwe-D2, ezindaweni ezithile zobuchopho ezibizwa ngokuthi i-mesolimbic kanye nezinhlelo ze-mesocortical. Lesi senzo sokuvimbela sisiza ukulawula izimpawu ezihlobene nezimo ezifana ne-schizophrenia.

Umuthi uthinta ama-receptors amaningi obuchopho:

• Umphumela onamandla wokuvimba ku-D2 i-dopamine receptors
• Umthelela omaphakathi kuma-receptors angu-5-HT2
• Umthelela olinganiselwe kuma-D1 dopamine receptors
• Umphumela omncane kuma-histamine H1 receptors

Ngingakwazi Ukuthatha I-Haloperidol Ngeminye Imithi?

Ukusebenzisana kwemithi kudinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela lapho uthatha i-haloperidol. Izigaba zemithi ebalulekile okufanele uxoxe ngayo nodokotela:

• Ama-Antihistamine
• Ama-barbiturates, afana ne-butalbital, i-phenobarbital, noma i-primidone
• Imithi yokwehlisa igazi
• Corticosteroids
• Izidakamizwa zokungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile
• Izidakamizwa ze isinye esisebenza ngokweqile
• Lithium
• Imithi ethinta isigqi senhliziyo
• Imithi ebangela ukozela noma ukozela
• Imithi yokucanuzela inhliziyo noma yokuhlanza
• Imithi ye-opioid
• Eminye imishanguzo ye-antipsychotic
• Rifampin
• URitonavir
• I-serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) ekhethiwe njenge-fluoxetine, i-paroxetine, noma i-sertraline
• John's wort supplement

Ulwazi Lomthamo

Umthamo ofanele wamaphilisi e-haloperidol uyahlukahluka kuye ngesimo sokwelashwa kanye nezici zesiguli. Umthamo wabantu abadala ngezimo ezijwayelekile:

• Ngezimpawu ezimaphakathi: 0.5 kuya ku-2 mg othathwe izikhathi ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3 nsuku zonke
• Ngezimpawu ezinzima: i-3 kuya ku-5 mg ithathwa izikhathi ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3 nsuku zonke
• Umthamo omkhulu wansuku zonke: Akufanele udlule ama-30 mg ngosuku

Umuthi uza ngamandla ahlukahlukene ukuze uhlangabezane nezidingo ezihlukene zomthamo:

• 0.5 mg amaphilisi
• 1 mg amaphilisi
• 2 mg amaphilisi
• 5 mg amaphilisi
• 10 mg amaphilisi
• 20 mg amaphilisi

Isiphetho

I-Haloperidol ime njengomuthi obalulekile ekwelapheni impilo yengqondo, isiza izigidi ukuphatha izimo kusukela ku-schizophrenia kuya ezindabeni ezinzima zokuziphatha. Ukusebenza kahle komuthi kuvela esenzweni sawo esinembile kukhemistri yobuchopho, ikakhulukazi amandla awo okulawula amazinga e-dopamine.

Iziguli ezithatha i-haloperidol zidinga ukukhumbula amaphuzu ambalwa abalulekile:

• Ukugadwa kwezokwelapha kuhlala kubalulekile kukho konke ukwelashwa
• Amashejuli omthamo ajwayelekile asiza ekugcineni ukusebenza komuthi
• Imiphumela engemihle idinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela nokubika ngokushesha
• Ukusebenzisana kwemithi kudinga izingxoxo eziphelele nodokotela

Impumelelo ngokwelashwa kwe-haloperidol incike ekulandeleni iziqondiso ezibekiwe nokugcina ukuxhumana okuvulekile nodokotela. Umuthi usebenza kahle kakhulu njengengxenye yohlelo lokwelapha oluphelele, olunomthamo ofanele kanye nokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okuvamile okuqinisekisa imiphumela ephephe kakhulu, esebenza kahle kakhulu.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe i-haloperidol iwumuthi oyingozi kakhulu?

I-Haloperidol inezingozi ezithile, ikakhulukazi ezigulini esezikhulile ezidinga ukuqashwa ngokucophelela. Odokotela bawuthatha njengomuthi onobungozi obukhulu emaqenjini athile, ikakhulukazi lawo anezimo zenhliziyo noma iziyaluyalu zokunyakaza.

2. I-haloperidol ithatha isikhathi esingakanani ukusebenza?

Uma uthathwa njengamaphilisi, umuthi ngokuvamile ubonisa imiphumela phakathi nehora elingu-1 kuya kwangu-2. Ngezimpawu ezibucayi, iziguli zingabona ukuthuthuka phakathi kwemizuzu engama-30 kuye kwengama-60.

3. Kwenzekani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo?

Iziguli kufanele zithathe umthamo ogejiwe ngesikhathi zikhumbula. Kodwa-ke, uma sekusondele isikhathi somthamo olandelayo ohleliwe, kufanele baqhubeke neshejuli yabo evamile.

4. Kwenzekani uma ngiphuza ngokweqile?

Izimpawu zokweqisa izidakamizwa zingaba zimbi kakhulu futhi zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Izimpawu eziyinhloko zifaka:

• Ukozela okukhulu
• Ukunyakaza kwemisipha okungalawuleki
• Ukuphefumula kanzima
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile

5. Ubani ongakwazi ukuthatha i-haloperidol?

Umuthi contraindicated for:

• Iziguli ezinesifo sikaParkinson
• Abantu abanokucindezeleka okukhulu kwesimiso sezinzwa
• Labo abane-hypersensitivity eyaziwa emuthini
• Iziguli ezine-psychosis ehlobene nokuwohloka komqondo

6. Zingaki izinsuku okufanele ngithathe i-haloperidol?

Ubude besikhathi sokwelashwa buncike ekuguleni oselashwayo. Ezimweni zesikhathi eside njenge-schizophrenia, iziguli zingase zidinge ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwezokwelapha.

7. Nini ukuyeka i-haloperidol?

Iziguli akufanele neze ziyeke ukuthatha i-haloperidol ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kwesiqondiso sezokwelapha. Odokotela bavame ukunciphisa umthamo kancane kancane ukuvimbela izimpawu zokuhoxa.

8. Ingabe i-haloperidol iphephile ezinso?

Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwe-haloperidol kungathinta ukwakheka kwezinso, ikakhulukazi kumithamo ephezulu. Ukuqapha njalo kuyanconywa ezigulini ezelashwa isikhathi eside.

9. Kungani uthatha i-haloperidol ebusuku?

Ukuthatha i-haloperidol ebusuku kungasiza ekulawuleni imiphumela engemihle efana nokozela. Nokho, isikhathi esiqondile kufanele kuxoxwe ngaso nodokotela ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zomuntu ngamunye.

10. Ingabe i-haloperidol iyisidakamizwa sokucindezeleka?

Cha, i-haloperidol ayiyona i-antidepressant. Kungokwesigaba semithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-antipsychotics avamile.

11. Ungakwazi yini ukuthatha i-haloperidol nsuku zonke?

Yebo, i-haloperidol ingathathwa nsuku zonke, njengoba kunqunyiwe. Ukudosa okuvamile kusiza ukugcina amazinga aqinile omuthi emzimbeni ukuze usebenze kahle.