I-Hydrocortisone

I-Hydrocortisone

IHydrocortisone, i-corticosteroid esetshenziswa kakhulu, isiza ekulawuleni izindaba eziningi zezempilo, kusukela ekuvuvukeni kuya kwezimo zesikhumba ezahlukahlukene. Lo muthi onamandla unomthelela ekuphenduleni kwamasosha omzimba kanye nezinqubo zokuvuvukala, okuwenza ube yisixazululo kodokotela.

Ake sihlole ukusetshenziswa okuningi kwe-hydrocortisone kanye nemininingwane yamaphilisi e-hydrocortisone. Sizofaka indlela yokusebenzisa umuthi we-hydrocortisone ngokuphepha, imiphumela engemihle engaba khona, kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha ezidingekayo okufanele uzikhumbule. Ukwengeza, sizochaza ukuthi zokwelapha ngomlomo nge-hydrocortisone zisebenza kanjani, sixoxe ngokusebenzelana kwazo neminye imithi, futhi sinikeze ulwazi olubalulekile lomthamo. 

Yini i-Hydrocortisone?

IHydrocortisone, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-cortisol, umuthi onamandla we-corticosteroid. I-adrenal cortex ngokwemvelo ikhiqiza le hormone ye-glucocorticoid. Odokotela basebenzisa i-hydrocortisone ukwelapha izinkinga ezihlukahlukene zezempilo, okuhlanganisa izimo zokuzivikela, ukuvuvukala, kanye nezimo ze-neoplastic. U-Edward Kendall wayithola ngawo-1930, ekuqaleni wayiqamba ngokuthi iCompound F noma i-17-hydroxycorticosterone. I-FDA igunyaze i-hydrocortisone ngomhlaka-5 Agasti 1952.

Lo muthi oguquguqukayo usebenza njenge-corticosteroid hormone receptor agonist. Ibophezela kumamukeli we-glucocorticoid, okuholela emiphumeleni ephikisana nokuvuvukala kanye nezinguquko ekukhulumeni kwezakhi zofuzo. IHydrocortisone iza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, njengamaphilisi, okhilimu, amafutha okugcoba, nama-enema, ngayinye yakhelwe izinkinga ezithile zempilo. Odokotela bayinikeza ukuthi ibhekane nokuvuvukala nokuvuvukala futhi ibambezele amasosha omzimba.

Ukusetshenziswa Okujwayelekile kweHydrocortisone

IHydrocortisone, i-corticosteroid emnene, inezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo ekwelapheni izimo zezokwelapha ezahlukahlukene, njenge:

• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Rheumatic, njenge-ankylosing spondylitis ne-rheumatoid arthritis
• I-allergies enzima 
• Izimo zamehlo ezivuthayo
• Ama-hemorrhoids 
• Izilonda zomlomo
• Izifo ezihlukahlukene zesisu namathumbu, njenge-ulcerative colitis 
• Izifo ze-endocrine, kuhlanganise nokuvuvukala kwe-thyroid
• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-collagen njenge-systemic lupus erythematosus 
• Izinkinga zokuphefumula njengesifuba somoya, i-Loeffler's syndrome kanye nezifo ezithile ezifana nesifo sofuba
• Izimo zesikhumba ezifana ne-psoriasis eqinile, i-pemphigus, ukuqubuka kokushisa, ne-seborrheic dermatitis
• Izifo ezithile zegazi
• Izimo ezihlobene nomdlavuza

Ungawasebenzisa Kanjani Amathebulethi e-Hydrocortisone Ngokuphepha

• Odokotela banikeza amaphilisi e-hydrocortisone ezimweni ezihlukahlukene. Iziguli kufanele zithathe lo muthi ngendlela eqondisiwe ngayo. Akufanele bathathe okuningi, baphuze kaningi, noma basebenzise isikhathi eside kunesinqunyiwe. Ukwenza kanjalo kungase kwandise ingozi yemiphumela engadingeki.
• Ukuze isetshenziswe isikhathi eside, iziguli akufanele ziyeke ngokuzumayo ukuthatha i-hydrocortisone ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wazo. Ukwehliswa kancane kancane komthamo kungase kudingeke.
• Iziguli kufanele ziphuze i-hydrocortisone nokudla noma ubisi ukuvimbela ukuphazamiseka kwesisu. Kufanele balandele ilebula kadokotela ngokucophelela futhi bacele udokotela wabo ukuthi abachazele imiyalelo engacacile.
• Iziguli kufanele zithathe umthamo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka uma zigeje umthamo. Kodwa-ke, uma sekusondele isikhathi somthamo olandelayo, kufanele beqe umthamo ogejiwe futhi babuyele esimisweni sabo esijwayelekile. Imithamo ephindwe kabili ayinconywa.
• Iziguli kufanele zigcine amaphilisi e-hydrocortisone esitsheni esivaliwe ekamelweni lokushisa. Kufanele bayigcine lapho izingane zingafinyeleleki kuyo futhi balahle imithi engasetshenziswanga ngendlela efanele.
• Uma isetshenziswa njengesicelo sezihloko, ungayisebenzisi ebusweni noma emakhwapheni ngaphandle uma uqondiswa udokotela. Geza izandla zakho ngaphambi nangemva kokuzisebenzisa. Ungayimbozi noma uyisonge indawo ngaphandle uma uqondiswa udokotela wakho.

Imiphumela emibi yethebhulethi ye-hydrocortisone

Amaphilisi e-Hydrocortisone, njengayo yonke imithi, angabangela imiphumela engemihle, nakuba kungesibo bonke ababhekana nayo. Njenge-steroid emnene, akunakwenzeka ukuthi kubangele ukusabela okunzima.

Imiphumela emibi evamile ihlanganisa: 

• isiyezi 
• Khulisa ukoma
• Ubuthakathaka nokukhathala okungajwayelekile
• Ukuphathwa yikhanda 
• Ama-muscle aches
• Ukuzithoba
• I-nausea
• Uhudo
• Izinduna noma amaqhubu amancane abomvu esikhumbeni (folliculitis)
• Ukukhula kwezinwele zomzimba okungajwayelekile
• Ukuncipha kwesikhumba nokushintsha umbala

Kodwa-ke, imiphumela emibi kakhulu ingenzeka, ikakhulukazi ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside noma imithamo ephezulu. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise: 

• I-Cushing's syndrome ibonakala njengobuso obukhukhumele kanye nokukhula kwesisindo esiswini noma endaweni engenhla yomhlane
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka
• Ushukela ophakeme wegazi
• Izinkinga ze-adrenal gland, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni
• Ukushintsha kwemizwa nokucasuka
• Izinkinga zokulala
• Ukungezwani komzimba, okuhlanganisa i-anaphylaxis esongela ukuphila
• Ingozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza 
• Kuthinta impilo yamathambo

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi enzima noma eqhubekayo, ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha kubalulekile. Udokotela wakho angasiza ukuphatha le miphumela futhi angalungisa ukwelashwa kwakho uma kunesidingo.

Ukuqapha

• I-Allergies: Abantu kufanele bazise udokotela wabo uma bengezwani ne-hydrocortisone, enye i-corticosteroids, noma ezinye izidakamizwa.
• Ukutheleleka: I-Hydrocortisone ingandisa ingozi yokutheleleka. Abantu kufanele bagweme abantu abagulayo, bageze izandla njalo, futhi ngokushesha babike noma yiziphi izimpawu zokutheleleka kudokotela wabo. 
• Ukuhlola: Ukuhlolwa njalo, okuhlanganisa nezivivinyo zamehlo, kubalulekile. 
• Izinkinga zesitho sangasese sowesifazane: Uma abesifazane benayo ukulunywa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane noma ukukhishwa, kufanele bazise udokotela wabo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa.
• Ukugoma: Abantu kufanele bagweme ukugoma ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela futhi bazise bonke odokotela mayelana nokusebenzisa kwabo i-hydrocortisone.
• Ubuhlungu endaweni: Ungasebenzisi i-topical hydrocortisone uma kukhona ukutheleleka noma isilonda endaweni okumele ilashwe.
• Izimo Ezihlelekile: Abantu abanezimo ezithile zesistimu, njengezifo zesibindi, i-myocardial infarction, isifo sikashukela, i-hypothyroidism, i-GI perforation, kanye nokuphazamiseka kwegazi, kufanele baqaphele.
• Ukukhulelwa: Ukusetshenziswa kwalo muthi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kufanele kukhawulelwe ezimweni lapho kudingekile khona ngokuphelele.
• Abesifazane Abancelisa Ibele: Ibele abesifazane kufanele bagweme amaphilisi e-hydrocortisone, njengoba lesi sidakamizwa singadlulela obisini lwebele.

Isebenza kanjani ithebhulethi ye-Hydrocortisone

Amaphilisi e-Hydrocortisone aweqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi i-glucocorticoids noma i-adrenocorticosteroids. Lawa ma-hormone e-steroid angaba nomthelela ekuphenduleni kwamasosha omzimba kanye nezinqubo zokuvuvukala. Basebenza ngokubopha i-glucocorticoid receptor, okuholela emiphumeleni ehlukahlukene kuwo wonke umzimba.

Uma umuntu ethatha iphilisi le-hydrocortisone, liyasiza ekwehliseni ukuvuvukala futhi lidambise ukusabela kwamasosha omzimba ezintweni eziyizisusa ezihlukene. Le mithi iphinde ibe nomthelela endleleni umzimba osebenzisa futhi ugcine ngayo ama-carbohydrate, amaprotheni, namafutha. Ukwengeza, idlala indima ekulinganiseni amanzi nama-electrolyte emzimbeni.

Amaphilisi e-Hydrocortisone anezindawo zokulwa nokuvuvukala. Bavimbela izakhi zofuzo lezo khodi yama-cytokines athile, okungamaprotheni ahilelekile ekuvuvukeni. Lesi senzo sisiza ukucindezela ukungatheleleki kwe-cell-mediated kanye nokunciphisa ukugcinwa kwezinto ezivuthayo emzimbeni.

Ngingathatha IHydrocortisone Neminye Imithi?

IHydrocortisone isebenzisana nemithi eminingi, ngakho-ke iziguli kufanele ziqaphe lapho ziyithatha kanye nezinye izidakamizwa, okuhlanganisa:

• I-Aldesleukin
• aspirin
• Desmopressin
• I-Furosemide
• I-Metoprolol
• I-Mifepristone
• Imithi engabangela ukopha noma imihuzuko

Ulwazi Lomthamo

Odokotela banquma imithamo ye-hydrocortisone ngokusekelwe esimweni nempendulo yesiguli.

Ngokuntuleka kwe-adrenocortical, abantu abadala ngokuvamile bathatha i-15 kuya ku-25 mg ngomlomo ngemithamo ehlukanisiwe nsuku zonke. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu ze-adrenal adrenal, imithamo ephezulu ye-100 kuya ku-500 mg ngomthambo noma nge-intramuscularly ingadingeka. 

Ngezinhloso zokulwa nokuvuvukala, imithamo yokuqala yomlomo isukela ku-20 kuye ku-240 mg nsuku zonke. Imithamo yabazali iqala ku-100 kuya ku-500 mg, iphinda njengoba kudingeka. 

Ezimweni ze-sepsis, odokotela bangase banikeze i-200 mg nsuku zonke ngokumnika okuqhubekayo kwe-IV. 

Nge-ulcerative colitis, iziguli zivame ukusebenzisa i-100 mg nge-rectally ebusuku kuze kube yizinsuku ezingu-21. 

Imithamo yezingane ibalwa ngokuya ngesisindo somzimba noma indawo engaphezulu. Iziguli kufanele zilandele imiyalelo kadokotela wazo futhi zingashintshi imithamo ngaphandle kweseluleko sezokwelapha.

Isiphetho

IHydrocortisone ithinta kakhulu izici ezahlukahlukene zempilo, kusukela ekulawuleni izimo zesikhumba kuye ekubhekaneni nezifo ezinzima ezivuvukalayo. Ukuguquguquka kwayo kuyenza ibe ithuluzi elibalulekile emkhakheni wezokwelapha, lisize iziguli ezinezinkinga ezihlukahlukene. Nokho, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lo muthi onamandla udinga ukusetshenziswa ngokucophelela nokuqapha ukuze ugweme imiphumela engemihle engaba khona.

Ukuqonda ukusetshenziswa kwe-hydrocortisone, umthamo, kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha kuyisihluthulelo ekusetshenzisweni kwayo okuphephile nokuphumelelayo. Iziguli kufanele zibike ngokushesha izimpawu ezingavamile. Ngokwenza kanjalo, bangawusebenzisa ngokugcwele lo muthi obalulekile kuyilapho benciphisa izingozi. IHydrocortisone idlala indima ebalulekile kwezokwelapha zesimanje, ihlinzeka ngokukhululeka kanye nezinga lempilo elithuthukisiwe kubantu abaningi abanezinselele zempilo ezihlukahlukene.

FAQ sika

1. Ingabe amaphilisi e-hydrocortisone ayi-steroid?

Yebo, amathebhu e-hydrocortisone imithi ye-steroid. Bayingxenye yezidakamizwa ezibizwa ngokuthi i-corticosteroids. Lawa maphilisi asebenza ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala, ngokunciphisa amasosha omzimba asebenza ngokweqile, noma athathe indawo ye-cortisol evame ukwenziwa emzimbeni.

2. Ingabe i-hydrocortisone iphephile ukusetshenziswa nsuku zonke?

Ukuze kushintshwe i-hormone, odokotela bavame ukunikeza u-20mg kuya ku-30mg we-hydrocortisone nsuku zonke, ihlukaniswe ibe imithamo emibili. Kodwa-ke, abantu kufanele bahlale belandela imiyalelo kadokotela wabo ohlelweni lomthamo. Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kudinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela ukugwema imiphumela engemihle engaba khona.

3. Asetshenziselwa ini amaphilisi e-hydrocortisone?

Amaphilisi e-Hydrocortisone aphatha izimo ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise ne-asthma, ukungezwani komzimba, sokuqaqamba kwamalunga, kanye nezifo zamathumbu ezivuvukalayo. Baphinde basize abantu abanenkinga ye-adrenal insufficiency, njengalabo abanesifo i-Addison's noma abakhishwe izindlala ze-adrenal.

4. Ingabe i-hydrocortisone iyi-antibiotic?

Cha, i-hydrocortisone ayiyona i-antibiotic. Kuyi-corticosteroid enciphisa ukuvuvukala futhi icindezele amasosha omzimba. Kodwa-ke, okunye ukwakheka kwezihloko kungase kuhlanganise i-hydrocortisone nama-antibiotics ezimweni ezithile zesikhumba.

5. Uyithatha nini i-hydrocortisone?

Isikhathi sokuthatha i-hydrocortisone sincike ekubunjweni kwayo. Amaphilisi ajwayelekile avame ukuthathwa izikhathi ezingama-2-3 nsuku zonke ngokudla. Amaphilisi akhishwa kancane ngokuvamile athathwa kanye ngosuku, cishe imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokudla kwasekuseni. Ngaso sonke isikhathi landela iziqondiso eziqondile zikadokotela wakho zomthamo kanye nesikhathi.