Indomethacin

Indomethacin

I-Indomethacin iwumuthi osebenza ngempumelelo we-Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID) onezinhlelo eziningi zokusebenza. Ivimbela ukwakheka kwe-prostaglandin, abalamuleli ababucayi bokuvuvukala, imfiva, nobuhlungu. Nakuba iphumelela ebuhlungu obumaphakathi kuya kobunzima, i-indomethacin inobungozi obukhulu bezinkinga zesisu kanye nemicimbi yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi uma iqhathaniswa namanye ama-NSAID. Ngakho-ke, odokotela ngokuvamile bayayinikeza lapho ezinye izidambisi zinhlungu zingenele futhi kufanele zisetshenziswe ngaphansi kokuqondisa kodokotela ngokucophelela.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Indomethacin

I-Indomethacin umuthi oguquguqukayo osetshenziselwa ukuphatha izimo ezahlukahlukene. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo okuyinhloko kuhlanganisa:

• I-Rheumatoid Arthritis: I-Indomethacin isiza ekudambiseni izimpawu ezimaphakathi nezinzima ze rheumatoid arthritis, kuhlanganise nokuqubuka okukhulu kwezifo ezingamahlalakhona. 
• I-Ankylosing Spondylitis: amaphilisi e-indomethacin angadambisa izimpawu ezithena amandla zalesi sifo samathambo esivuvukalayo kubantu abane-spondylitis e-ankylosing emaphakathi kuya kokuqina.
• I-Osteoarthritis: I-Indomethacin iyasebenza ekulawuleni i-osteoarthritis emaphakathi kuya eqinile.
• I-Bursitis ne-Tendinitis: I-Indomethacin ingasiza ekwehliseni ukuvuvukala okuhambisanayo nokungakhululeki ezimeni ezibuhlungu zehlombe ezifana ne-bursitis noma i-tendinitis.
• I-Gouty Arthritis: Ithebhulethi ye-Indomethacin isiza ukunciphisa ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukuvuvukala, nokuvuvukala okubangelwa ukunqwabelana kwamakristalu e-uric acid emalungeni.
• I-Patent Ductus Arteriosus: I-Indomethacin isiza ekwenzeni ukuthi kuvalwe i-hemodynamically patent ductus arteriosus lapho ukuphathwa kwezokwelapha okujwayelekile kungasebenzi ngemuva kwamahora angama-48.
• Ubuhlungu Obujwayelekile Nokuvuvukala: Izakhiwo ze-Indomethacin ezinamandla zokuqeda ukuvuvukala kanye nezidambisa-zinhlungu ziyenza ifanelekele ukuphatha ubuhlungu obumaphakathi kuya kobunzima kanye nokuvuvukala okuvela kwezinye izimo ezihlukahlukene.

Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-Indomethacin

Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela ukuze usebenzise lo muthi ngokuphepha nangempumelelo. Ukuthatha ithebhulethi eningi kakhulu i-indomethacin kungase kwenyuse ithuba lemiphumela emibi engadingeki.

Isilinganiso nokuphathwa

Uma usetshenziselwa isifo samathambo esinzima noma esiqhubekayo, kufanele uphuze ithebhulethi ye-indomethacin njalo njengoba uyalelwe udokotela wakho ukuze isebenze. Umuthi ngokuvamile uqala ukusebenza lingakapheli isonto elilodwa, kodwa ezimeni ezinzima, kufika amasonto amabili noma ngaphezulu kungase kudlule ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuzizwa ungcono. Ukwengeza, kungase kudlule amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba uzwe imiphumela egcwele yalo muthi.

• Geza i-capsule ngokuphelele. Ungayivuli, ungayichobozi, uyiphule noma uyihlafune.
• Ngokumiswa komlomo, yinyakazise kahle ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa. Linganisa umuthi ngesipuni sokulinganisa esimakiwe, isirinji yomlomo, noma inkomishi yomuthi. 
• Kungcono ukuthatha i-indomethacin nokudla.

Imiphumela Emibi Yethebhulethi ye-Indomethacin

Njengemithi eminingi, i-indomethacin yethebhulethi ingabangela imiphumela emibi, njenge:

• Imiphumela Emibi Evamile:
  • bekhanda
  • isiyezi
  • Ukuvota
  • Uhudo noma ukuqotshwa
  • Ukukhala ezindlebeni
• Imiphumela Emibi Kakhulu: I-Indomethacin ingabangela nemiphumela emibi kakhulu edinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kwezokwelapha:
  • Ukukhula kwesisindo okungachazeki
  • Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukuphefumula kanzima
  • Ukuvuvukala esiswini, emaqakaleni, ezinyaweni noma emilenzeni
  • Umkhuhlane, ukuqubuka, ukuvuvukala kwama-lymph node, noma ukuvuvukala ebusweni
  • Amabhamuza noma isifuba
  • Ukuvuvukala kwamehlo, ubuso, ulimi, izindebe, umphimbo, noma izandla
  • Ubunzima bokuphefumula noma ukugwinya
  • Ukuthuthumela
  • Isikhumba esiphezulu
  • Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo kanye nokuntuleka kwamandla
  • Ukhathala ngokweqile
  • Ubuhlungu engxenyeni engenhla kwesokudla sesisu
  • Ukusuka okungavamile noma ukulimaza
  • I-nausea
  • Ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso
  • Izimpawu ezinjenge-flu
  • Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo
  • Liguqubele, lishintshe umbala, noma umchamo onegazi
  • Ukuhlungu obusemhlane
  • Ukuchama okunzima noma okubuhlungu
  • Ukungaboni kahle noma ezinye izinkinga zokubona

Ukuqapha

Dalula umlando wakho wezokwelapha ophelele kudokotela wakho, ikakhulukazi uma une:

• Isifuba somoya (okuhlanganisa ukuphefumula okubi kakhulu ngemva kokuthatha i-aspirin noma ama-NSAID)
• Ukopha noma ukuphazamiseka kwamahlule
• Polyp acinene
• Isifo senhliziyo (isb, isifo senhliziyo sangaphambilini)
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu
• Isifo sesibindi
• Isisu, amathumbu, noma izinkinga ze-esophageal (njengokopha, izilonda, noma isilungulela esiphindelelayo)
• Umlando we-stroke
• I-Indomethacin namanye ama-NSAID ngezinye izikhathi angabangela izinkinga zezinso, ikakhulukazi uma uphelelwe amanzi, unomlando wokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sezinso, ungumuntu omdala omdala, noma uthatha imithi ethile.
• I-Indomethacin ingakwenza uzwele kakhulu elangeni. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, khawula isikhathi sakho elangeni futhi ugqoke i-sunscreen nezingubo zokuzivikela ungaphandle. 

Isebenza kanjani i-Indomethacin?

I-Indomethacin isebenza njengezinye izidakamizwa eziningi ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) ngokuvimbela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-prostaglandin. Ama-Prostaglandin akhiqizwa ngokuyinhloko ama-enzyme e-cyclooxygenase (COX) futhi adlala indima ebalulekile ekulamuleni ukuvuvukala, umkhuhlane, nobuhlungu. Baphinde bagcine ukusebenza kwezinso, i-mucosa yamathumbu, nomsebenzi we-platelet.

Ngingakwazi Ukuthatha I-Indomethacin Neminye Imithi?

Okunye okucatshangelwayo okubalulekile mayelana ne-indomethacin neminye imithi kuhlanganisa:

• Ama-Anticoagulants kanye Nezidakamizwa Ze-Antiplatelet: I-Indomethacin ingase ikhulise amathuba okopha lapho ithathwa nama-anticoagulants (anciphisa igazi).
• I-Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors: Le nhlanganisela kufanele igwenywe, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala asebekhulile nalabo abanesifo sezinso esikhona.
• I-Diuretics: I-Indomethacin inganciphisa ukusebenza kwe-diuretics (amaphilisi amanzi) futhi ikhulise ingozi yezinkinga zezinso uma ithathwa ndawonye. 
• I-Methotrexate: I-Indomethacin ingakhuphula amazinga kanye nobuthi be-methotrexate. 
• I-Cyclosporine: I-Indomethacin ingase ikhulise amazinga kanye nobuthi be-cyclosporine, umuthi osetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukwenqatshwa kokufakelwa kwesitho. 
• I-Lithium: I-Indomethacin ingakhuphula amazinga e-lithium emzimbeni, okungase kuholele kubuthi be-lithium. 
• I-Corticosteroids: I-Indomethacin ingandisa ingozi yemiphumela emibi yesisu, njengezilonda kanye ukuphuma lapho ithathwa ne-corticosteroids.

Ulwazi Lomthamo

Umthamo we-indomethacin uyahlukahluka futhi uncike ekuguleni okulashiwe kanye nokwakheka okusetshenzisiwe. Nayi eminye imihlahlandlela ejwayelekile:

• I-Acute Gouty Arthritis
  • 50 mg we-indomethacin ngomlomo noma nge-rectally njengendlela ekhishwa ngokushesha kathathu ngosuku.
• I-Bursitis ne-Tendinitis
  • Ama-capsules akhishwa ngokushesha noma ukumiswa: 75 kuya ku-150 mg nsuku zonke, ahlukaniswe ngohlelo lwe-dosing 3 noma 4
  • I-Suppository: 50 mg ngemuva. Inganikezwa izikhathi ezi-3 ngosuku.
  • Ukukhishwa okunwetshiwe: 75 mg ngomlomo, kanye noma kabili ngosuku.
  • Isikhathi sokwelashwa ngokuvamile siyizinsuku eziyisi-7 kuye kweziyi-14 noma kuze kube yilapho izimpawu nezimpawu zokuvuvukala sezilawulekile.
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu obumaphakathi kuya kobuphakathi
  • Umthamo ojwayelekile wezinhlungu ezibucayi kuya kwezimaphakathi yi-20 mg ngomlomo, kathathu ngosuku, noma i-40 mg ngomlomo, kabili noma kathathu ngosuku.
• I-Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) Ezinsaneni Ezingakafiki Isikhathi
  • Ukuze kuvalwe i-PDA ene-hemodynamically ephawulekayo ezinganeni ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ezinesisindo esiphakathi kuka-500 & 1750 amagremu, i-indomethacin iphathwa ngomthambo (IV) phakathi nemithamo emi-3 enikezwa ngezikhathi zamahora angu-12 kuya kwangu-24. Umthamo uncike eminyakeni yomntwana osanda kuzalwa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Isiphetho

I-Indomethacin inethonya elikhulu ekulawuleni izimo ezihlukahlukene zokuvuvukala nobuhlungu. Ukuguquguquka kwayo ekwelapheni isifo samathambo, i-gout, ngisho nezimo ezithile zenhliziyo ezinsaneni ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kuyenza ibe ithuluzi eliwusizo emkhakheni wezokwelapha. Nokho, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lo muthi onamandla unemiphumela engemihle engaba khona kanye nokusebenzisana okudinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela. Ukusetshenziswa ngendlela efanele kwe-indomethacin ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwezokwelapha kungathuthukisa kakhulu izinga lempilo. 

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe i-indomethacin iyisidakamizwa esinamandla esidambisa izinhlungu?

Yebo, i-indomethacin iwumuthi onamandla ongeyona i-steroidal eqeda ukuvuvukala (i-NSAID) enezindawo eziqinile zokudambisa izinhlungu (ezodambisa izinhlungu). Ilawula ngokuphumelelayo ubuhlungu obuphakathi kuya kobunzima obuhambisana nezimo ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise ne-arthritis, i-gout, i-bursitis, ne-tendinitis. 

2. Yini okufanele uyigweme lapho uthatha i-indomethacin?

Lapho uthatha i-indomethacin, kufanele ugweme:

• Ukuphuza utshwala njengophuzo oludakayo kungabangela imiphumela emibi ehlobene nesisu.
• Ukusetshenziswa kanyekanye kwamanye ama-NSAID, njengoba lokhu kungandisa amathuba okuba nemiphumela emibi ngaphandle kokunikeza izinzuzo ezengeziwe.
• Imisebenzi edinga ukuqapha kwengqondo noma ukusebenzisana, njenge-indomethacin, ingase ibangele isiyezi noma ukozela.

3. Ingabe i-indomethacin inamandla kune-ibuprofen?

Yebo, i-indomethacin ngokuvamile ithathwa njengenamandla futhi inamandla kune-ibuprofen. Kuyi-NSAID kadokotela, kuyilapho ibuprofen itholakala ekhawunteni. Kodwa-ke, ukwanda kwamandla e-indomethacin nakho kusho ingozi enkulu yemiphumela engemihle, ikakhulukazi amathumbu kanye nemiphumela emibi yenhliziyo, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-ibuprofen.

4. Ingabe i-indomethacin iyingozi ezinso?

I-Indomethacin namanye ama-NSAID angabangela izinkinga zezinso, ikakhulukazi emaqenjini athile asengozini enkulu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi abantu abanesifo senhliziyo noma isifo sezinso, abaphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni, asebekhulile, noma abaphuza imithi ethile engase ihlangane ne-indomethacin. 

5. Yikuphi okungcono, i-indomethacin noma i-diclofenac?

Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-indomethacin ne-diclofenac (enye i-NSAID) kuncike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa isimo esithile, ukusabela komuntu ngamunye, kanye nengozi yemiphumela emibi. Yomibili le mithi iyasebenza ekulawuleni ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala, kodwa i-indomethacin ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengenamandla futhi ingase ibe nengozi enkulu yemiphumela emibi yesisu uma iqhathaniswa ne-diclofenac.

6. Zingaki izinsuku ongayithatha i-indomethacin?

Ubude besikhathi sokwelashwa kwe-indomethacin buncike esimweni kanye nefomu lomthamo elisetshenzisiwe. Isikhathi sokwelashwa esijwayelekile sezimo ezinzima zesistimu njenge-gout noma i-bursitis ngamaviki angu-1-2. Odokotela bangase banikeze i-indomethacin isikhathi eside ngezifo ezingapheli ezifana i-osteoarthritis noma i-rheumatoid arthritis.