I-Infliximab

I-Infliximab

I-Infliximab ivele njengokwelashwa ngegazi kwezimo ezivuvukalayo ngemuva kokugunyazwa kwayo. Le biological TNF-α-inhibiting monoclonal antibody ithuthukisa futhi ithuthukise izivikeli mzimba, ukuletha impumuzo ezigulini ezinokuphazamiseka kokuvuvukala okumaphakathi kuya kokunzima.

Umuthi we-Infliximab ubonakale uphumelela ekwelapheni izimo eziningi. Umuthi usiza abantu abadala kanye neziguli zezingane nge Isifo sikaCrohn, izilonda emathunjini, rheumatoid arthritis (kuhlanganiswe ne-methotrexate), i-ankylosing spondylitis, i-psoriatic arthritis, ne-plaque psoriasis. 

Lesi sihloko sinikeza ukuqonda okuningiliziwe kokusetshenziswa kwe-infliximab, umthamo, imiphumela engemihle engaba khona, nakho konke okudingeka ukucabange lapho usebenzisa lo muthi onamandla.

Iyini i-Infliximab?

I-Infliximab ingeyekilasi lemithi elwa namagciwane eguqula izifo (bDMARDs). Umuthi unamathela ku-TNF-alpha futhi unciphise umsebenzi wawo ukuze unciphise ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezithintekayo.

Ukusetshenziswa kwethebhulethi ye-Infliximab

Umuthi uphatha izimo eziningana ze-autoimmune ngokuvuvukala:

• Isifo sikaCrohn 
• I-colcer ulcerative 
• I-Rheumatoid arthritis (ngokuhlanganiswa ne-methotrexate)
• I-Ankylosing spondylitis kubantu abadala
• I-Psoriatic arthritis kubantu abadala
• I-Plaque psoriasis enkulu

Ungawasebenzisa Kanjani Futhi Nini Amathebulethi e-Infliximab

Odokotela banikeza i-infliximab ngokufakwa emthanjeni okuthatha okungenani amahora ama-2. Ukwelashwa kuqala ngemithamo yokungeniswa emavikini angu-0, 2, no-6. Imithamo yesondlo ilandela njalo emavikini angu-8, ngaphandle kwe-ankylosing spondylitis, edinga imithamo njalo emavikini angu-6. Isimo sakho sinquma umthamo.

Imiphumela Emibi Yamathebulethi e-Infliximab

Imiphumela emibi evamile yilezi:

• Izifo zokuphefumula
• bekhanda
• Ubuhlungu besisu
• Ukusabela ngesikhathi sokumnika noma ngemva nje kokwelashwa ngezimpawu ezifana imfiva, ukugodola, ukuqubuka noma ubunzima bokuphefumula

Imiphumela emibi ihlanganisa:

• Ingozi ephezulu yokutheleleka
• Ukuvuselelwa kwesifo sofuba
• Izinkinga zesibindi
• Izinkinga zenhliziyo
• Umdlavuza othile (ongavamile) 

Ukuqapha

• Tshela udokotela wakho uma unesifo sofuba kanye ne-hepatitis B ngaphambi kokuba uqale imithi. 
• Umuthi uthinta amasosha akho omzimba, ngakho-ke kufanele uqhelelane nabantu abanezifo. 
• Ukuphepha kokudla kuba okubalulekile - gwema ukudla ukudla okungaphekiwe noma okungaphekiwe. 
• Imithi yokugoma ephilayo ayinconywa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. 
• Udokotela wakho udinga ukuqapha ukuqhubeka kwakho njalo.

Isebenza kanjani Ithebhulethi ye-Infliximab

I-TNF-alpha (i-tumor necrosis factor-alpha) iphrotheni ebangela ukuvuvukala ezimeni zazo zonke izinhlobo. I-Infliximab ikhomba futhi inamathisele kule phrotheni ukuze imise imiphumela yayo eyingozi. Umuthi ubophezela ku-TNF-alpha kuwo womabili amafomu antantayo mahhala nangamaseli, okubavimbela ukuthi baxhumane nama-receptors abo.

Imithi futhi:

• Yehlisa ukukhiqizwa kwezinye izinto ezivuvukalayo njenge-IL-1 ne-IL-6
• Ikhawulela ukunyakaza kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi ezindaweni ezivuvukele
• Yehlisa ukuvezwa kwama-molecule enza amaseli anamathelane
• Iqeda amaseli akhiqiza i-TNF-alpha kwezinye izimo

Ngingakwazi Ukuthatha I-Infliximab Ngeminye Imithi?

Kufanele uqaphele ngokuhlanganisa i-infliximab nemithi ethile. Ukuqapha okwengeziwe kuyadingeka ikakhulukazi uma une:

• I-Azathioprine
• Corticosteroids
• I-Cyclosporine 
• Imithi yokugoma ebukhoma
• I-Methotrexate
• Phenytoin
• Warfarin
• Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zebhayoloji 

Ulwazi Lomthamo

Odokotela banikeza i-infliximab nge-IV, ethatha okungenani amahora ama-2. Uhlelo lokwelapha olujwayelekile luhlanganisa:

• Imithamo yoqobo: Amaviki 0, 2, no-6
• Imithamo yesondlo: Njalo emavikini angu-8 (amaviki angu-6 uma une-ankylosing spondylitis)
• Umthamo ojwayelekile: 3-5 mg/kg ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho

Umuthi udinga isiqandisi phakathi kuka-2-8°C kuze kufike isikhathi sokuwusebenzisa.

Isiphetho

I-Infliximab kube inketho yokwelapha ebalulekile ezigulini ezinezimo ezivuvukalayo kusukela yavunywa. Lo muthi wezinto eziphilayo uvimba amaprotheni e-TNF-alpha futhi wehlise ukuvuvukala emzimbeni wonke. Iziguli ezinesifo sika-Crohn, i-ulcerative colitis, i-rheumatoid arthritis, nezinye izifo ze-autoimmune ziye zathola ukukhululeka okukhethekile ngalokhu kwelashwa.

I-Infliximab inikeza ithemba ezigulini ebezinezinketho ezilinganiselwe ngaphambilini. Umuthi usiza abantu abaningi ukuthi balawule izimpawu zabo futhi bathuthukise izinga lempilo yabo, nakuba idinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela nokuqapha. Amathimba okunakekelwa kwezempilo ahlala eyinsiza engcono kakhulu yokunquma ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kusifanela yini isimo esithile sesiguli.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe i-infliximab iyingozi enkulu?

Imithi iza nezingozi ezithile odokotela abaziqapha ngokucophelela. Umzimba wakho uba sengozini yokuthola izifo, ikakhulukazi sofuba kanye nezifo fungal. Ezinye iziguli zenze i-lymphoma nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza. Udokotela wakho uzohlola izici zakho zobungozi futhi alandelele impilo yakho njalo ukuze alawule lezi zingozi.

2. I-infliximab ithatha isikhathi esingakanani ukusebenza?

Imiphumela iyahlukahluka phakathi kweziguli. Abanye abantu bazizwa bengcono ezinsukwini ezingu-2-3 beqale ukwelashwa. Abanye bangase badinge kufika emavikini angu-6. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi iningi leziguli ezine-ulcerative colitis zisabela emasontweni ayisishiyagalombili. Ukuphulukiswa okuphelele kwamathumbu ngokuvamile kudinga isikhathi esengeziwe.

3. Kwenzekani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo?

Kufanele ushayele ngokushesha ukuze uthole enye i-aphoyintimenti. Umjovo olandelayo uzohlelwa ngemva kwamasonto amabili. Ungalokothi uzame ukulungisa umthamo ogejiwe ngokuthatha kabili.

4. Kwenzekani uma ngiphuza ngokweqile?

Ayikho i-antidote ethile ekhona ye-infliximab overdose. Udinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma usola ukuthi kune-overdose. Abasebenzi bezokwelapha bazobheka ukusabela okubi futhi belaphe izimpawu zakho.

5. Ubani ongakwazi ukuthatha i-infliximab?

Akufanele uthathe i-infliximab uma une:

• Izifo ezinzima ezisebenzayo, kuhlanganise nesifo sofuba
• Ukungezwani komzimba kumaprotheni e-infliximab noma egundane
• Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo okumaphakathi kuya kokuqina 

6. Kufanele ngiyithathe nini i-infliximab?

Umuthi ulandela uhlelo oluthile. Uzothola imithamo emasontweni 0, 2, kanye 6, bese imithamo yesondlo njalo emavikini angu-8. Isimo sakho sisiza udokotela wakho ukuthi anqume isikhathi esiqondile.

7. Zingaki izinsuku zokuthatha i-infliximab?

I-Infliximab isebenza njengokwelashwa kwesikhathi eside. Iziguli ezisabela kahle ngokuvamile ziqhubeka nemithamo yesondlo njalo emavikini angu-8. Udokotela wakho uhlola njalo ukuze abone ukuthi kufanele yini uqhubeke nokwelapha.

8. Ungamisa nini i-infliximab?

Kungase kudingeke ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha i-infliximab uma:

• Uthola isifo esibi kakhulu noma i-sepsis
• Ukwelashwa akubonisi imiphumela ngemuva kwamasonto ayi-12
• Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo yakho kuba kubi kakhulu noma kuvela izimpawu ezintsha
• Udokotela wakho ubona ukuthi usufinyelele ekuxolelweni okujulile komtholampilo

9. Ingabe kuphephile ukuthatha i-infliximab nsuku zonke?

I-Infliximab ayenzelwe ukusetshenziswa nsuku zonke. Umuthi usebenza ohlelweni oluthile oluqala ngemithamo emasontweni angu-0, 2, no-6. Ukufakwa kwesondlo kulandela njalo emavikini angu-6-8 ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho. Ukuyithatha nsuku zonke kungakhuphula imiphumela emibi kakhulu ngaphandle kwezinzuzo ezengeziwe.

10. Yisiphi isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuthatha i-infliximab?

Ishejuli yesikhungo sakho sezempilo inquma isikhathi njengoba i-infliximab idinga ukuphathwa ngomthambo endaweni yomtholampilo amahora angu-2+. Iziguli eziningi zithola ama-aphoyintimenti ekuseni esebenza kangcono kakhulu. Abasebenzi bezokwelapha bangaqapha noma yikuphi ukusabela okusheshayo usuku lonke.

11. Yini okufanele uyigweme lapho uthatha i-infliximab?

Hlala kude ne-:

• Imithi yokugoma ebukhoma (okubandakanya i-MMR, i-chickenpox, i-yellow fever)
• Abantu abanezifo
• Ukudla okuluhlaza noma okungaphekiwe kahle okunamagciwane ayingozi
• Ukuchayeka kakhulu elangeni, njengoba kwandisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesikhumba

12. Ingabe i-infliximab ibangela ukukhuluphala?

Ukushintsha kwesisindo akuyona imiphumela emibi evamile. Noma kunjalo, ezinye iziguli zibona ukushintshashintsha kwesisindo. Ukudla okulinganiselayo nokuzivocavoca okuvamile kuhlala kubalulekile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

13. Yikuphi ukudla okufanele ukugweme ngenkathi uthatha i-infliximab?

Ukudla kwakho akudingi imikhawulo ethile. Kodwa-ke, kufanele uvikele amasosha akho omzimba ngokugwema:

• Imikhiqizo yobisi engasetshenziswanga
• Amaqanda aluhlaza
• Izithelo/imifino engageziwe
• Inyama engaphekiwe noma ukudla kwasolwandle