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I-Isosorbide Mononitrate

I-Isosorbide Mononitrate imithi yenhliziyo esiza abantu abahlushwa i-angina, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo kanye ne-esophageal spasms. I-bioavailability ephezulu yomuthi ikwenza kube ukukhetha okuphezulu kodokotela—ngaphezu kuka-95% womuthi ufinyelela egazini ngemva kokuwuphuza. Umuthi usebenza ngokushesha ngesigamu sempilo yamahora angu-5, futhi izinso zisusa ingxenye enkulu yazo emzimbeni.

Iziguli zizothola konke ezidinga ukukwazi mayelana namaphilisi e-isosorbide mononitrate kulesi sihloko. Okuqukethwe kuhlanganisa ukuthi kusho ukuthini konke, imihlahlandlela yomthamo, kanye nemiphumela yomuthi emzimbeni. 

Yini i-Isosorbide Mononitrate?

Lo muthi usebenza njenge-metabolite esebenzayo ye-isosorbide dinitrate. Isebenza njenge-prodrug futhi ikhipha i-nitric oxide engenelela esenzweni sayo sokwelapha. Umuthi uhlala isikhathi eside kune-nitroglycerin ngoba umzimba uyawudonsa futhi uwusebenzise kancane kancane. Umuthi usiza imithambo yegazi ukuthi ikhululeke, ikakhulukazi imithambo, enciphisa umsebenzi wenhliziyo.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Isosorbide Mononitrate

Umgomo oyinhloko walo muthi ukuvimbela nokwelapha i-angina pectoris ebangelwa isifo se-coronary artery. Umuthi usiza ukuphatha ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo kanye nama-esophageal spasms. Kodwa-ke, akusebenzi ngokushesha ngokwanele ukumisa ukuhlasela kwe-angina okunamandla osekuqalile kakade.

Kanjani Futhi Nini Ukusebenzisa I-Isosorbide Mononitrate Tablets

Incwadi kadokotela yakho inquma ukuthi kufanele uwuphuze kanjani lo muthi. Amaphilisi ajwayelekile ngokuvamile adinga imithamo emibili ngosuku, ehlukaniswe amahora ayisikhombisa. Amafomu okukhishwa okunwetshiwe adinga umthamo owodwa nje ngosuku, ngokuvamile ekuseni. Kufanele ugwinye amaphilisi akhishwe isikhathi eside egcwele ngamanzi—ungalokothi uwachoboze noma uwahlafune.

Imiphumela Emibi Yethebhulethi ye-Isosorbide Mononitrate

Imiphumela emibi evamile yilezi:

Ukuqapha

  • Lo muthi ungadala ukwehla komfutho wegazi oyingozi uma uhlanganiswa ne-PDE-5 inhibitors. 
  • Iziguli ezinomfutho wegazi ophansi, ukuncipha kwevolumu, noma i-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy kufanele ziqaphele. 
  • Gwema utshwala, njengoba imiphumela yesiyezi yomuthi ingase ikhule ngokuphuza utshwala.

Indlela I-Isosorbide Mononitrate Tablets Asebenza ngayo

Igazi lakho licubungula i-Isosorbide Mononitrate ngezinyathelo ezimbalwa. Umuthi ushintsha ube yi-nitric oxide ngaphakathi kwezindonga zemithambo. Le nitric oxide iqala i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuthi i-guanylate cyclase ukukhiqiza i-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). I-cGMP iphumuza imisipha ebushelelezi yemithambo yegazi futhi iyenze ibe banzi.

Uma uthatha i-Isosorbide Mononitrate ingathinta imithambo yakho nemithambo, kodwa ngokuyinhloko iqondise emithanjeni yakho futhi ibangele imiphumela emithathu eyinhloko:

  • Yehlisa inani legazi elibuyela enhliziyweni (ukulayisha kuqala)
  • Inhliziyo ibhekana nokungazweli okuncane lapho impompa igazi (i-afterload)
  • Ukugeleza kwegazi kuba ngcono emithanjeni yenhliziyo

Ngingathatha I-Isosorbide Mononitrate Neminye Imithi?

Ukusebenzisana okubaluleke kakhulu kuhlanganisa 

Ungathatha ngokuphepha i-paracetamol ngalo muthi.

Ulwazi lomthamo

Amathebulethi akhishwa ngokushesha ngokuvamile alandela le phethini:

  • I-20 mg kabili ngosuku, ithathwe amahora angu-7 ngokuhlukana
  • Iziguli ezincane ziqala ngo-5 mg kabili ngosuku ngaphambi kokuba zikhuphuke ziye ku-10mg

Amafomula okukhishwa okunwetshiwe asebenza kanje:

  • 30-60mg kanye ngosuku ekuseni
  • Imithamo yansuku zonke ifinyelela ku-240mg (ayivamile ukudingeka)

Isiphetho

I-Isosorbide Mononitrate isize izigidi zeziguli zenhliziyo emhlabeni wonke kusukela ngo-1981. Lo muthi usiza ekulawuleni i-angina, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, nama-esophageal spasms ngokuphumuza imithambo yegazi. Umzimba uguqula lo muthi ube yi-nitric oxide eyenza ibe banzi imithambo yegazi futhi inciphise ukucindezelwa kwenhliziyo yakho. Uhlelo olufanele lokudosa lubalulekile ezigulini. 

Ukwazi ukuthi lo muthi wenhliziyo usebenza kanjani kukusiza ukuthi uwusebenzise ngokuphepha. Izimo zenhliziyo zingaba inselele ukuzilawula, kodwa i-Isosorbide Mononitrate inikeza ukwelashwa okuthembekile ngokutholakala kwayo okuphezulu kwe-bioavailability kanye nengxenye yempilo ebikezelwayo. Udokotela wakho angasiza ukwenza lokhu kwelashwa kube ngokwakho ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zempilo yenhliziyo yakho.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe i-Isosorbide Mononitrate ingozi enkulu?

Umuthi ukhombisa ukuthi uphephile uma usetshenziswa ngendlela efanele. Iziguli nge umfutho wegazi ophansi, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, noma labo abasebenzisa imishanguzo yomfutho wegazi kufanele baqaphe. Inkinga enkulu engayidala ukuthi ingasebenzisana nezidakamizwa zakho zokungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile, ngaleyo ndlela ibangele ukwehla okuyingozi emazingeni akho omfutho wegazi.

2. I-Isosorbide Mononitrate ithatha isikhathi esingakanani ukusebenza?

Imiphumela iqala ukuvela phakathi nemizuzu engama-30-60, ifinyelela inani eliphakeme kakhulu emahoreni angu-1-4 ngemva kokusetshenziswa. Lo muthi usebenza kuphela njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela futhi awukwazi ukusiza ngesikhathi sokuhlasela kwe-angina esebenzayo.

3. Kwenzekani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo?

Kufanele uphuze umuthi ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula. Vele weqe umthamo ogejiwe uma cishe sekuyisikhathi seshejuli yakho elandelayo. Ungalokothi uzame ukukulungisa ngokuthatha umthamo ophindwe kabili.

4. Kwenzekani uma ngiphuza ngokweqile?

Ubuhlungu bekhanda elibuhlungu, ukudideka, isiyezi, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, ukuphefumula kanzima, nokuquleka kubonisa ukweqisa. Izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha kufanele zithintwe ngokushesha uma kusolakala ukuthi kune-overdose.

5. Ubani ongakwazi ukuthatha i-Isosorbide Mononitrate?

Umuthi awuwafanele:

  • Abantu abane-nitrate allergies
  • Abantu abathatha i-PDE-5 inhibitors 
  • Iziguli ezinezimo ezithile zenhliziyo

6. Kufanele ngiyithathe nini i-Isosorbide Mononitrate?

Amaphilisi ajwayelekile adinga imithamo emibili ngosuku, athathwe amahora ayisikhombisa ngokuhlukana. Ukudosa kwasekuseni kusebenza kangcono ezinguqulweni zokukhishwa okunwetshiwe.

7. Zingaki izinsuku zokuthatha i-Isosorbide Mononitrate?

Ukwelashwa ngokuvamile kuqhubeka isikhathi eside. Ukuyeka ukuqhubeka kungazelelwe kungabangela izimpawu ze-angina zibe zimbi nakakhulu.

8. Ungamisa nini i-Isosorbide Mononitrate?

Isiqondiso sikadokotela wakho sibalulekile ngaphambi kokumisa lo muthi. Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuncishiswa komthamo kancane ngaphambi kokuyekiswa ngokuphelele.

9. Ingabe kuphephile ukuthatha i-Isosorbide Mononitrate nsuku zonke?

Umuthi ukhombisa ukuthi uphephile ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Ukuvakashela udokotela njalo kusiza ukulandelela noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi ngempumelelo.

10. Yisiphi isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuthatha i-Isosorbide Mononitrate?

Ukwakhiwa kokukhishwa okunwetshiwe kusebenza kangcono ngemithamo yasekuseni. Iziguli ezithatha amaphilisi akhishwa ngokushesha kufanele ziwaphuze ngemva nje kokuvuka futhi futhi ngemva kwamahora angu-7 ukuze zigweme ukuhlakulela ukubekezelelana.

11. Yini okufanele uyigweme lapho uthatha i-Isosorbide Mononitrate?

Izinyathelo ezibalulekile zokuphepha zihlanganisa:

  • Ukuphuza utshwala ngoba kungase kunyuse isiyezi
  • Imithi yokungasebenzi kahle kwe-Erectile
  • Ukuma isikhathi eside
  • Ukuchayeka esimweni sezulu esishisayo

12. Ingabe i-Isosorbide Mononitrate ibangela ukuzuza kwesisindo?

Idatha yomtholampilo ayibonisi ubufakazi obuxhumanisa lo muthi nokuthola isisindo.

13. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-isosorbide mononitrate ne-dinitrate?

I-Mononitrate inikeza i-bioavailability engu-100% ngesigamu sempilo yamahora angu-5-6. I-Dinitrate ibonisa amaphethini okumuncwa ahlukahlukene futhi ihlala cishe ihora.

14. Ingabe i-isosorbide ingawunyusa umfutho wegazi lakho?

Umuthi empeleni wehlisa umfutho wegazi. Iziguli ezinomfutho wegazi ophansi kakade kufanele ziqaphe kakhulu.