Ivermectin

Ivermectin

I-Ivermectin, isidakamizwa esasisetshenziswa ekuqaleni ukwelapha izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, sesidonse ukunaka kwabaningi. Lo muthi, otholakala ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi e-ivermectin, uye wavusa izingxoxo mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwawo ngaphezu kwenjongo yawo yokuqala.

Le bhulogi ihlose ukukhanyisa i-ivermectin, ehlanganisa yonke into kusukela encazelweni yayo eyisisekelo kuya ekusetshenzisweni kwayo kanye nomthamo. Sizohlola indlela yokusebenzisa amaphilisi e-ivermectin, imiphumela emibi engenzeka, kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha ezidingekayo. Ukwengeza, sizocubungula ukuthi i-ivermectin isebenza kanjani emzimbeni nokuthi isebenzisana kanjani neminye imithi. 

Kuyini Ivermectin?

Ivermectin umuthi antiparasite. Iye yathola ukunakwa okuphawulekayo eminyakeni yamuva. Ekuqaleni yatholwa ngawo-1970, yaqala ukusetshenziswa njengomuthi wezilwane ekwelapheni izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ezilwaneni. Ngo-1987, yagunyazwa ukusetshenziswa abantu futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi isibe yithuluzi elibalulekile ekwelapheni izifo ezihlukahlukene ezibangelwa amagciwane.

I-Ivermectin ingeyesigaba sezidakamizwa ezibizwa ngokuthi i-anthelmintics elwa nezikelemu eziyizibungu. Lo muthi uyingxube yezinhlobo ezimbili zama-avermectin atholakala kubhaktheriya i-Streptomyces avermitilis. Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo nephrofayili yokuphepha, i-World Health Organization (WHO) ifake ivermectin ohlwini lwayo Lwemithi Ebalulekile. Umuthi usebenza ngokukhubaza futhi ubulale ama-parasites, umise ngempumelelo ukuzala kwawo futhi usakazeke emzimbeni. Ukuguquguquka nokusebenziseka kalula kwe-Ivermectin kwenze kwaba yimpahla ebalulekile ekulweni nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.

Ukusetshenziswa kwethebhulethi ye-Ivermectin

Amaphilisi e-Ivermectin anezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo ekwelapheni izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. 

• I-World Health Organization (WHO) itusa lomuthi ovimbela izimuncagazi ukuba usetshenziswe emazweni anemali ephansi—nanemali ephakathi ukuze ulwe nezifo ezihlukahlukene zezikelemu. 
• I-Ivermectin isebenza ngokukhethekile ngokumelene ne-strongyloidiasis yamathumbu, isimo esibangelwa i-Strongyloides stercoralis. 
• I-Ivermectin futhi iyindlela yokwelapha ekhethwayo ye-onchocerciasis, eyaziwa ngokuthi ubumpumputhe bomfula.
• Lo muthi oguquguqukayo welapha nezinye izifo ezihlasela izimuncagazi, okuhlanganisa izikelemu, i-whipworm, ne-filariasis (ebizwa nangokuthi i-elephantiasis). 
• Amaphilisi e-Ivermectin nawo ayasebenza ngokumelene notwayi, izintwala zekhanda, kanye ne-eosinophilia eshisayo. 
• Umsebenzi womuthi obanzi we-antiparasitic wenza kube usizo ekwelapheni izibungu.

Ngokulungiswa kwe-dosing okufanele, ukusebenza kwe-ivermectin kudlulela kubantu abadala nasezinganeni. Ukusebenza kwayo kulele ekuphathweni kwayo okulula - ngokuvamile, umthamo owodwa, wonyaka womlomo ungaphatha izifo ezihlukahlukene zangaphakathi nangaphandle.

Indlela Yokusebenzisa I-Ivermectin Tablets

• Abantu kufanele baphuze amaphilisi e-ivermectin esiswini esingenalutho okungenani ihora elilodwa ngaphambi noma amahora amabili ngemuva kokudla. 
• Geza ithebhulethi yonke ngamanzi. 
• Udokotela wakho kufanele anqume umthamo we-ivermectin ngokusekelwe kwesisindo somzimba. Umthamo owodwa wanele ezifweni eziningi zezinambuzane. Kodwa-ke, odokotela bangase batusa ukuphindaphinda imithamo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kuya onyakeni kamuva, ikakhulukazi kulabo abanamasosha omzimba abuthaka.
• Kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho kahle. Ungathathi ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi kwalokho okunqunyiwe. 
• Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-ivermectin, thatha ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula. Esimeni lapho kuyisikhathi sedosi elandelayo, yeqa ephuthiwe futhi uqhubeke neshejuli yakho evamile. Ungalokothi uphindwe kabili kumithamo.
• Gcina amaphilisi e-ivermectin ekamelweni lokushisa, kude nokushisa, umswakama, nokukhanya okuqondile. Gcina imithi ikude nezingane futhi ugweme ukuyigcina ezindaweni eziswakeme njengezindlu zangasese.

Imiphumela Emibi Yezibhebhe ze-Ivermectin

Amaphilisi e-Ivermectin, ngenkathi esebenza kahle, angabangela imiphumela engadingeki. Imiphumela emibi evamile lapho ukwelapha izifo zamathumbu ihlanganisa: 

• ubuhlungu Joint
• bekhanda
• isiyezi
• I-nausea
• Izimbali ezivuvukala ze-lymph
• Itching
• Rash
• Uhudo
• Fever
• Izinkinga zamehlo, njengokuvuvukala kwamehlo, ubuhlungu, nokuba bomvu

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu, nakuba ingavamile, ihlanganisa: 

• Ukungezwani komzimba okunamandla kubonakala njengokuphefumula kanzima noma ukuvuvukala komphimbo. 
• Ubuhlungu bentamo noma umhlane
• Ubuthongo obungachazeki
• Ukudideka
• Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-ivermectin ingabangela ukulimala kwesibindi, okubangela ukukhathala, isicanucanu, nokuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo.

Ukuqapha

• Ulwazi Lomuthi: Kumelwe kuthathwe izinyathelo ezithile zokuqapha lapho usebenzisa amaphilisi e-ivermectin. Yazisa udokotela wakho mayelana nanoma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile, imithi eqhubekayo, amakhambi emithi, namavithamini noma izithasiselo zamaminerali.
• Umlando Wezokwelapha: Yazisa umtholampilo wakho ngezimo zakho zezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi izinkinga zesibindi. Futhi, tshela udokotela wakho ukuthi uma uye eNtshonalanga noma Emaphakathi Afrika, ungase ungenwe izimuncagazi ezithile, ezithinta ukwelashwa kwakho. 
• Gwema Ukusetshenziswa Kwezidakamizwa: Gwema i-cannabis notshwala ngenkathi uthatha i-ivermectin, njengoba ingakhuphula ukugxila komuthi egazini lakho, okungase kuthuthukise imiphumela emibi. 
• Ukuqapha Isiyezi: I-Ivermectin ingase ibangele isiyezi, ngakho ungashayeli noma usebenzise imishini uze wazi ukuthi ikuthinta kanjani. 
• Ukukhulelwa Nokuncelisa: abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele isebenzise i-ivermectin kuphela lapho idingeka ngokucacile, futhi omama abancelisayo kufanele babonane nodokotela wabo ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa kwe-ivermectin. 
• Ukwelashwa Okungeziwe: Ukwelashwa okuphindaphindiwe kungase kudingeke kulabo abanezifo ezibuthakathaka (njengokutheleleka nge-HIV/AIDS). Hlala ulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho mayelana nomthamo kanye nesikhathi, futhi ungalokothi uthathe i-ivermectin ngaphandle kweseluleko sezokwelapha.

Isebenza kanjani i-Ivermectin Tablet

Amaphilisi e-Ivermectin asebenza ngokukhomba iziteshi ezithile kuma-parasite. Umuthi ubophezela eziteshini ze-ion ze-glutamate-gated chloride kumisipha ye-invertebrate namaseli ezinzwa. Lokhu kubophezela kukhulisa ukufinyeleleka kwe-cell membrane kuma-ion e-chloride, okuholela ku-hyperpolarisation. Ngenxa yalokho, i-parasite iyakhubazeka futhi ife.

I-Ivermectin iphinde ithinte i-neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Isebenza njenge-agonist, iphazamisa ukudluliswa kwesistimu yezinzwa emaphakathi ye-GABA. Lesi senzo esikabili senza i-ivermectin iphumelele kakhulu ekulweni nezifo eziningi ze-parasitic.

Ukuphumelela komuthi kudlulela ekuvimbeleni ukukhululwa kwe-microfilariae ezibungwini zesifazane, kuqhubeke nokuvimbela ukusabalala kwezimuncagazi. Indlela eyingqayizivele yesenzo se-ivermectin ivumela ukuthi ilwe nezifo ezihlukahlukene ze-parasitic ngomthamo owodwa, okwenza kube ithuluzi elibalulekile kunoma yisiphi isinyathelo sezempilo.

Ngingayithatha Ivermectin Ngeminye Imithi?

I-Ivermectin ingaxhumana nemithi ehlukahlukene, njenge:

• Utshwala 
• Ama-antibiotic afana ne-augmentin
• Anticoagulants
• aspirin
• Ama-barbiturates afana ne-phenobarbital ne-butalbital
• Benzodiazepine, njenge i-lorazepam 
• Igazi elincane 
• ijusi yewolintshi 
• I-Valproic acid

Ulwazi Lomthamo

Umthamo wamaphilisi e-ivermectin uyahlukahluka futhi uncike esimweni esiphathwayo kanye nesisindo somzimba wesiguli. 

Ngobumpumputhe bomfula, abantu abadala kanye nezingane ezinesisindo esingu-15 kg noma ngaphezulu bathola u-150 mcg ngekhilogremu ngayinye yesisindo somzimba njengomthamo wesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kungase kuphindwe njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kweziyishumi nambili. 

Kuma-threadworms, umthamo ojwayelekile ngu-200 mcg ngekhilogremu yesisindo somzimba othathwe kanye.

Ithebhulethi ngayinye ye-ivermectin iqukethe u-3 mg wesithako esisebenzayo. Inani lamaphilisi elinqunyiwe lincike esisindweni sesiguli. Isibonelo, abantu abanesisindo esingama-65 kuya ku-84 kg bangase baphuze amaphilisi amane okuphuphutheka komfula, kanti labo abanesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-66 kuya ku-79 bangase baphuze amaphilisi amahlanu e-threadworms.

Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokunembile, futhi ungashintshi umthamo ngaphandle kweseluleko sezokwelapha. Thatha amaphilisi e-ivermectin esiswini esingenalutho ngengilazi yamanzi egcwele.

Isiphetho

Amaphilisi e-Ivermectin afakazele ukuthi ashintsha umdlalo ekwelapheni izifo ezihlukahlukene ze-parasitic. Kusukela ebumpumputheni bomfula kuya kutwayi, lo muthi osebenza ngezindlela eziningi ubonise ukusebenza kwawo ezimeni eziningi. Ukuphatha kwayo okulula kanye nomsebenzi obanzi kuyenza ibe yithuluzi elibalulekile ezinhlelweni zomhlaba wonke emazweni anemali engenayo ephansi naphakathi.

Nakuba i-ivermectin ngokuvamile iphephile, ukuyisebenzisa ngaphansi kokuqondisa kodokotela kubalulekile. Umthamo ofanele, ukuqwashisa ngemiphumela engemihle, kanye nokuqonda ukusebenzisana okungenzeka kwezidakamizwa kubalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwayo okuphephile. Njengoba ucwaningo luqhubeka, indima ye-ivermectin kwezokwelapha ingase iguquke, ivule izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha. Okwamanje, iseyisikhali esibalulekile ekulweni nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, ithuthukisa ukuphila kwezigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe i-ivermectin iyasebenza?

I-Ivermectin ifakazele ukuthi isebenza ngempumelelo ekulweni nezifo ezingama-parasitic. Nakuba ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa izinzuzo, ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwayo.

2. Kuthiwani uma ngikhohlwa ukuthatha umthamo we-ivermectin?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo, thatha ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula. Kodwa-ke, uma sekusondele isikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe, yeqa ogejiwe futhi uqhubeke neshejuli yakho evamile.

3. Ingabe i-ivermectin iphephile?

Uma esetshenziswa njengokuqondiswa, amaphilisi e-ivermectin ngokuvamile aphephile kubantu. Kodwa-ke, njengayo yonke imithi, ingabangela imiphumela emibi. 

4. Ngingakwazi ukuthatha ivermectin nsuku zonke?

Ivermectin ngokuvamile ayinqunyelwe ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke. Umthamo kanye nobuningi bawo buncike esimweni nobukhulu bezimpawu. Hlala ulandela izincomo zikadokotela wakho mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwe-ivermectin.

5. Yini okufanele uyigweme lapho uthatha ivermectin?

Gwema utshwala ngenkathi uthatha ivermectin, njengoba ingandisa imiphumela emibi. Futhi, yazisa udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi eminye imithi oyithathayo, njengoba i-ivermectin ingasebenzisana nezidakamizwa ezithile.

6. Kuze kube nini ivermectin iqala ukusebenza?

Isikhathi esisithathayo ukuze i-ivermectin isebenze siyahlukahluka futhi kuya ngesimo. Ukuthola izifo ezinamagciwane, kungase kuthathe izinsuku ezimbalwa ukubona ukuthuthuka.

7. Ngingadla isikhathi esingakanani ngemuva kwe-ivermectin?

Kungcono ukuthatha ivermectin esiswini esingenalutho. Linda okungenani imizuzu engu-30 ngemva kokuphuza umuthi ngaphambi kokudla noma ukuphuza noma yini.