I-Ketorolac

I-Ketorolac

I-Ketorolac iyisidakamizwa esilwa nokuvuvukala esingeyona i-steroidal ngokwemvelo. I-Ketorolac isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukudambisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala isikhathi esifushane sezinsuku ezi-5 ezilandelanayo. Ivimba izimpawu zobuhlungu bobuchopho futhi imise ukukhululwa kwezithunywa zamakhemikhali ezibangela ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala. Odokotela abayincomi ukuthi isetshenziswe isikhathi eside njengoba ingaholela ezinkingeni eziningi zezempilo ezifana Izinkinga zezinso, izilonda, ukopha esiswini, isifuba somoya, njll.

Ake sifinyelele ezicini ezihlukahlukene zalo muthi ukuze sakhe ukuqonda okungcono.

Yiziphi izici zokusetshenziswa kwe-Ketorolac?

Ukusetshenziswa okuvame kakhulu kwe-Ketorolac yilezi ezilandelayo:

• Ukubhekana Nobuhlungu Nokuvuvukala ku-Arthritis: I-Ketorolac inqunyelwe ukudambisa izinhlungu nokuvuvukala okuhambisana ne-osteoarthritis kanye ne-rheumatoid arthritis.
• Ukuphathwa Kwezinhlungu Ngemva Kokuhlinzwa: Ochwepheshe bezempilo batusa i-Ketorolac yokunciphisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kulandela izinqubo zokuhlinzwa.
• Ukulawula Ukuvuvukala Kwamalunga Nemisipha: Isetshenziselwa ukukhulula ukuvuvukala kwansuku zonke emalungeni nasemisipha.
• Ukwelapha Ama-Muscle Sprains Nokulimala: I-Ketorolac isetshenziselwa ukwelapha ama-muscle sprains nokulimala, isiza ekudambiseni ubuhlungu nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala.
• Ukwelapha Okuphumelelayo Kwamazinyo Abuhlungu Kakhulu: Umuthi ubonisa ukusebenza kahle ekwelapheni amazinyo abuhlungu, unikeza ukukhululeka okukhulu kobuhlungu.

Kanjani futhi nini ukuthatha Ketorolac?

Odokotela batusa ukuhlakaza i-Ketorolac engilazini yamanzi bese uthatha uketshezi. Lo muthi kufanele uthathwe njalo ngemva kokudla. I-Ketorolac ingase iphazamise isisu sabanye abantu. Uma kunjalo, thatha i-antacid nomuthi.

Ngokuvamile, i-Ketorolac ingathathwa njalo emahoreni ama-4 noma angu-6 izinsuku ezingu-5. Kodwa kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi uthathe umthamo njengoba unqunywe udokotela. Kunconywa ukuthi ungalali phansi imizuzu eyi-10-15 ngemuva kokuthatha umuthi. Uma ubuhlungu busaqhubeka ngisho nangemva kokuwusebenzisa ngokwesilinganiso esinqunyiwe, kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho.

I-Ketorolac isebenza kanjani?

I-Ketorolac, i-nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), isebenza ngokuvimbela umsebenzi wama-enzyme aziwa ngokuthi i-cyclooxygenases (COX-1 ne-COX-2). Lawa ma-enzyme ahilelekile ekuhlanganiseni ama-prostaglandin, okuyizinto ezinengxenye ekuvuvukeni, ebuhlungu nasemfiva.

• Ukuvimbela ama-enzyme e-COX: I-Ketorolac ivimbela kokubili ama-enzyme e-COX-1 ne-COX-2. I-COX-1 ibandakanyeka ekugcineni umsebenzi ojwayelekile wezicubu, okuhlanganisa ulwelwesi lwesisu kanye nokujiya kwegazi. I-COX-2 yenziwa ngesikhathi sokuvuvukala futhi ihlotshaniswa nobuhlungu nokuvuvukala.
• Ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-prostaglandin: Ngokuvimbela ama-enzyme e-COX, i-ketorolac inciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-prostaglandin. I-Prostaglandin izithunywa zamakhemikhali ezikhuthaza ukuvuvukala, ukuzwela ama-receptors ezinhlungu, futhi kube nomthelela ekwakhiweni komkhuhlane.
• Ukunciphisa ubuhlungu, imiphumela eqeda ukuvuvukala, nokunciphisa umkhuhlane: Ukuncipha kwamazinga e-prostaglandin kuholela ekwehleni kokuvuvukala, ukudambisa izinhlungu, nokuncipha komkhuhlane. Lokhu kwenza i-ketorolac iphumelele ekulawuleni ubuhlungu besikhashana, njengobuhlungu be-postoperative noma ubuhlungu obuhambisana nezimo ezithile zezokwelapha.

Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-ketorolac njengokuyalelwa uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo kanye nesikhathi esinqunyiwe. Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside noma ngokweqile kwama-NSAID njenge-ketorolac kungahlotshaniswa nemiphumela engemihle engaba khona, ikakhulukazi ohlelweni lwamathumbu nezinso. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile kunqunyelwe ukusetshenziswa kwesikhashana ukuze kuncishiswe lezi zingozi.

Iyini imiphumela emibi yamaphilisi e-Ketorolac?

Imiphumela emibi ye-Ketorolac miningi, kusukela ekuhlanzeni kuya ekozeleni. 

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ye-ketorolac imi kanje:

• Ubuhlungu besisu

• Ukuvota

• Uhudo

• Ukuzithoba

• isilungulela

• Ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso

• I-nausea

• isiyezi

• Ukulala

Uma ubhekana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi eshiwo ngokuqhubekayo, yeka ukuphuza umuthi bese uthintana nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole usizo ngokushesha.

Izinyathelo okufanele zithathwe ngenkathi uthatha i-Ketorolac?

Kufanele uhlale une-Ketorolac esiswini esigcwele. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuthi uthathe ngokushesha ngemva kokudla, khona-ke okungenani uthathe ingilazi yobisi. Akukhuthazwa ukuthatha umuthi esiswini esingenalutho. Uma uhlushwa noma yiziphi ezinye izifo, yazisa udokotela wakho ngazo. Uma unezifo ezithile ezifana nezinkinga zezinso noma zesibindi, i-Ketorolac ingase ibangele umonakalo omkhulu emzimbeni. Kulezo zimo, udokotela uzoncoma omunye umuthi noma ehlise umthamo uma isifo singesibi kakhulu. Akufanele uphuze amaphilisi e-Ketorolac ngenxa yobuhlungu obuncane.

I-Ketorolac ingabangela ukozela kanye nesiyezi. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uzame ukungashayeli nje ngemva kokuyithatha, ukuze ugweme izingozi. Ungalokothi usebenzise i-Ketorolac ukuze ukhulule izinhlungu zokubeletha. Akufanele futhi ithathwe ngaphambi nje kokuhlinzwa. Uma ubhekana nesicanucanu noma izinkinga zesisu ngemva kokuthatha i-Ketorolac, sebenzisa i-antacid kanye nayo. Ungayithathi notshwala. Kungase kubangele izinkinga zempilo ezinzima.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele babonane nodokotela kuqala ngaphambi kokuthatha i-Ketorolac, ngoba ingase ingaphephile kumntwana, futhi okufanayo nakwabesifazane abancelisa ibele. Uma kufanele baphuze umuthi, kufanele bagweme ukuncelisa ibele kuze kube yilapho umuthi ukhishwa emzimbeni.

Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwe-ketorolac kungaholela ezilonda zesisu namathumbu, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, izifo zezinso. I-Ketorolac ingase futhi ibangele ukopha kwangaphakathi, izinkinga zesibindi, nesifuba somoya. 

Kuthiwani uma ngiphuthelwe umthamo we-Ketorolac?

Uma ukhohlwe ukuthatha umthamo we-ketorolac, yithole ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula. Uma kuseduze nomthamo olandelayo, thatha umthamo olandelayo kuphela bese weqa ogejiwe. Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ndawonye uma uphuthelwe eyodwa ukuze uyinxephezele.

Kuthiwani uma ngidlula i-Ketorolac?

Uma i-ketorolac ithathwa ngemithamo ephezulu noma isikhathi eside kunenconyiwe, ingabangela ubuhlungu besisu, ukozela, ukuntula amandla, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza. Ukusebenzisa ngokweqile i-Ketorolac isikhathi eside kungabangela isiguli ukuthi sibhekane nezifo ezimbi njengezilonda, ukwehluleka kwezinso, nezinkinga zokuphefumula. Uma uthathe i-ketorolac ngaphezu komthamo onconyiwe, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Yiziphi izimo zokugcina i-Ketorolac?

Zama ukugcina lo muthi ekamelweni lokushisa. Ungayigcini ithebhulethi elangeni eliqondile. Ukushisa nokukhanya kuzolimaza umuthi. Qinisekisa ukuthi amaphilisi ayindawo lapho izingane zingafinyeleleki khona.

Ngingakwazi ukuthatha i-Ketorolac neminye imithi?

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, i-ketorolac ingathinta kabi umzimba uma izinso noma isibindi sesivele sonakele. Uma okwamanje usebenzisa imithi yesinye isifo, tshela udokotela wakho ngakho.

Akufanele uphuze i-Ketorolac namanye amaphilisi ezinhlungu njengeNaproxen, Ibuprofen, noma i-Aspirin. Izokwandisa imiphumela emibi futhi ikhulise izinkinga ezimbalwa, njengokuphuma kwegazi ngaphakathi.

Hlala uthintana nodokotela wakho uma usuvele usebenzisa imithi ekhona futhi uzoqala ukuphuza i-Ketorolac.

Ithebhulethi ye-Ketorolac izobonisa ngokushesha kangakanani imiphumela?

Kuyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu kuye ngesimo sabo somzimba. Kodwa ngokuvamile, i-ketorolac iqala ukusebenza phakathi nemizuzu engama-60 yokusetshenziswa kumuntu ovamile.

Ithebhulethi yeKetorolac Vs Tramadol + Paracetamol

Ethebulani elingezansi, i-Ketorolac iqhathaniswa nesinye isidakamizwa esilwa nokuvuvukala, i-Tramadol + Paracetamol (inhlanganisela yomthamo ongashintshi).

Faqs

1. Ingabe i-ketorolac iphephile ezinganeni?

I-Ketorolac ngokuvamile ayinconywa ukuthi isetshenziswe ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-16 ubudala. Ukuphepha nokusebenza kwayo emiphakathini yezingane akuzange kumiswe kahle, futhi imithi ehlukile ivame ukukhethwa ekulawuleni ubuhlungu ezinganeni. Hlala uthintana nochwepheshe bezempilo ukuze uthole isiqondiso mayelana nezinketho ezifanele zokudambisa izinhlungu zezingane.

2. Ingabe i-ketorolac ingasetshenziselwa izimo ezibuhlungu ezingapheli?

I-Ketorolac ngokuvamile ayinconyelwe ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside noma ukuphathwa kwezimo zobuhlungu obungapheli ngenxa yengozi yemiphumela emibi, ikakhulukazi ohlelweni lwamathumbu nezinso. Ngokuvamile kunqunyelwe ukukhululeka kwesikhashana kobuhlungu obumaphakathi kuya kobunzima, njengobuhlungu bangemva kokuhlinzwa noma ubuhlungu obuhambisana nezimo ezithile zezokwelapha.

3. Ingabe i-ketorolac ingcono kune-diclofenac?

Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-ketorolac ne-diclofenac kuncike esimweni esithile sezokwelapha, izici zesiguli ngasinye, kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe. Zombili ziyizidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) futhi zabelana ngokufana ezindleleni zazo zokusebenza. Ukukhethwa phakathi kwalokhu kokubili kuvame ukusekelwe ezicini ezifana nohlobo nobukhulu bobuhlungu, umlando wezokwelapha wesiguli, nanoma yiziphi izimo zempilo ezikhona. Ukusebenza ngempumelelo nokuphepha kufanele kuxoxwe nomhlinzeki wezempilo.

4. Ingabe i-Ketorolac iyasebenza?

I-Ketorolac iyasebenza ekulawulweni kwesikhashana kobuhlungu obumaphakathi kuya kobunzima. Kuvame ukusetshenziswa ezimweni ezifana nobuhlungu bemva kokuhlinzwa, ubuhlungu obuvela ezimweni ezithile zezokwelapha, noma ezinye izimo zobuhlungu obukhulu. Ukusebenza kwayo kuyehluka kuye ngesimo esithile esiphathwayo. Ngaso sonke isikhathi landela umthamo onqunyiwe kanye nobude besikhathi obunikezwa uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle nokunciphisa ubungozi bemiphumela engemihle. Uma unemibuzo mayelana nokusebenza kahle kwayo esimweni sakho esithile, thintana nomhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo.

References:

https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-3919/ketorolac-oral/details https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/ketorolac-oral-route-injection-route/side-effects/drg-20066882?p=1

Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Ulwazi olunikezwe lapha alwenzelwe ukufaka iseluleko esivela kuchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ulwazi aluhloselwe ukumboza konke ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka, imiphumela engemihle, izinyathelo zokuphepha, nokusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa. Lolu lwazi aluhloselwe ukuphakamisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa umuthi othile kufanelekile, kuphephile, noma kuyasebenza wena noma omunye umuntu. Ukungabi bikho kwanoma yiluphi ulwazi noma isexwayiso mayelana nomuthi akufanele kuhunyushwe njengesiqinisekiso esicacile esivela enhlanganweni. Sikweluleka ngokuqinile ukuthi uthintane nodokotela uma kukhona okukukhathazayo ngomuthi futhi ungalokothi usebenzise umuthi ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.