I-Lamotrigine

I-Lamotrigine

I-Lamotrigine, i-anticonvulsant enamandla kanye ne-mood stabiliser, ithole ukunakwa okubalulekile emphakathini wezokwelapha. Lesi sidakamizwa esisebenza ngezindlela eziningi sithinta ukusebenza kukagesi kobuchopho, sisize ukulawula ukuhlukunyezwa futhi uzinzise ukushintsha kwemizwelo kubantu abanalezi zimo eziyinselele.

Ake sihlole ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene kwe-lamotrigine kanye nomthamo ofanele wethebhulethi i-lamotrigine, futhi sixoxe ngemiphumela yayo engemihle engaba khona. 

Iyini iLamotrigine?

I-Lamotrigine, eyaziwa nangokuthi igama lomkhiqizo i-Lamictal, umuthi onamandla onikezwa odokotela ukwelapha isithuthwane kanye nokusimamisa isimo sengqondo ukucindezeleka kwe-bipolar. Lo muthi onemisebenzi eminingi ungowesigaba se-phenyl triazine semithi elwa nesithuthwane, okwenza uhluke ngamakhemikhali kwamanye ama-anticonvulsants. Odokotela babheka i-lamotrigine njengokwelashwa komugqa wokuqala ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zokuquleka. 

Ukusetshenziswa kweLamotrigine

Amaphilisi e-Lamotrigine anendima ebalulekile ekulawuleni izimo ezihlukahlukene zemizwa nengqondo. 

Ukwelashwa kwesisu 

Umphakathi wezokwelapha ukubheka njengokwelashwa kokuqala kwezinhlobo ezithile zokuquleka, okuhlanganisa:

• I-tonic-clonic seizures eyinhloko evamile
• Ukuquleka okuyingxenye okulula nokuyinkimbinkimbi
• I-Focal-onset tonic-clonic seizures

I-Lamotrigine ibonakale iphumelela ekulawuleni i-Lennox-Gestaut syndrome, uhlobo olunzima lwe- isithuthwane lokho kuvela ebuntwaneni.

Ukuphathwa Kwe-Bipolar Disorder

I-Lamotrigine isiza ukuzinzisa ukuguquguquka kwemizwelo kubantu abadala abanalesi simo. Ngokukhethekile, i-lamotrigine ibonise ukusebenza kahle ku:

• Ukwelapha ukucindezeleka okuguquguqukayo okuhamba ngebhayisikili
• Ukugcina ukuzinza kuhlobo lwe-bipolar disorder I

Isetshenziswa kanjani iLamotrigine Tablet

I-Lamotrigine ingathathwa ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla. Iziguli ngokuvamile zizithatha kanye noma kabili ngosuku, kuye ngencwadi yazo kadokotela. Kulabo abayithatha kabili ngosuku, kuyatuseka ukuthi imithamo ye-lamotrigine ihlukanise ngokulinganayo usuku lonke, njengasekuseni nakusihlwa.

• Amaphilisi ajwayelekile: Gweba ithebhulethi yonke ngamanzi. Ungahlafuni.
• Amaphilisi ahlakazekayo ahlafunwayo: Lawa angagwinywa aphelele, ahlafunwa, noma ahlakazwe oketshezini. Uma uhlafuna, landela ngamanzi amancane noma ijusi yezithelo ehlanjululiwe. Ukuze uhlakaze, engeza ithebhulethi ku-isipuni samanzi noma ijusi yesithelo ehlanjululwe, ulinde ukuthi ichithe (cishe iminithi elingu-1), bese upheqa bese ugwinya ngokushesha.
• Amaphilisi ahlakazeka ngomlomo: Khipha ithebhulethi kuphakethe lamabhamuza ngezandla ezomile. Yibeke olimini bese uyivumela ukuba incibilike. Ukugwinya ngamanzi noma ngaphandle kwawo uma sekuncibilikile.
• Amaphilisi okukhishwa okunwetshiwe: Gweba ngokuphelele. Ungaphuli, ungachobozi, noma uhlafune.

Imiphumela Emibi Yethebhulethi yeLamotrigine

I-tablet lamotrigine, njengayo yonke imithi, ingabangela imiphumela emibi eminingana. Nakuba abanye kuphela ababhekana nazo, ukuqaphela ukusabela okungalungile okungase kube khona kubalulekile. Imiphumela emibi eminingi ye-lamotrigine iyaphela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kodwa le nqubo ingathatha amasonto noma izinyanga ezimbalwa.

Imiphumela emibi evamile ihlanganisa:

• Ukuphathwa yikhanda
• Ukozela kanye isiyezi
• I-nausea nokuhlanza
• Kufiphaziwe noma umbono kabili
• Ukwanda kokuyaluza noma ukucasuka
• Ukukhwabanisa isikhumba

Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-lamotrigine ingabangela imiphumela emibi kakhulu edinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• I-Stevens-Johnson syndrome ibonakala njengezimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane okulandelwa ukuqubuka okubuhlungu namabhamuza.
• Inani elincane labantu lingase libe nemicabango yokuzilimaza noma ukuzibulala, ikakhulukazi ezigabeni zokuqala zokwelashwa.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu elibuhlungu, intamo eqinile, imfiva, nokuzwela ukukhanya
• Ukulimaza okulula noma ukopha okungajwayelekile kungase kubonise umphumela ongaseceleni ohlobene negazi.
• I-Lamotrigine ingase futhi ibangele i-hemophagocytic lympho-histiocytosis, isimo esiyivelakancane kodwa esisongela ukuphila.
• I-Aseptic meningitis yisimo esibucayi kodwa esingajwayelekile esihambisana nokusetshenziswa kwe-lamotrigine.

Ukuqapha

Ukuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi phakathi nezinyanga zokuqala zokwelashwa. Okulandelayo ezinye zezinyathelo okumele umsebenzisi aziqaphele:

• Abesifazane abakhulelwe nabancelisayo kufanele bakhulume nodokotela wabo mayelana nalokhu kusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa.
• Abesifazane abasebenzisa izivimbela-nzalo ezingamahomoni kufanele babonane nodokotela wabo ngaphambi kokuqala noma ukumisa le mikhiqizo ngenkathi besebenzisa i-lamotrigine. 
• Abantu abadala asebekhulile basengozini yokuthola imiphumela yayo emibi.
• I-Lamotrigine ingakhuphula imiphumela yotshwala nezinye izinciphisi zesimiso sezinzwa esimaphakathi. 
• Iziguli ezinezimo ezithile zesistimu, njengezifo zezinso, ukungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi, nezimo zenhliziyo (ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile noma ukuvimba kwenhliziyo), zingasebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha.
• Iziguli kufanele zifune isiqondiso sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ziba nezimpawu zokusabela okubi kakhulu, njengokuqubuka kwesikhumba, umkhuhlane, izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane, nezindlala ezivuvukele, noma uma ukuquleka kwazo kuba kubi kakhulu. 
• Iziguli kufanele zigweme noma zinciphise ukudla okunoshukela omningi okune-aspartame, iziphuzo ezine-caffeine, notshwala, njengoba lokhu kungase kwandise izimpawu zesithuthwane noma ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. 
• Iziguli akufanele ziyeke i-lamotrigine ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wazo. Ukuyeka kungazelelwe kungase kubangele ukuba ukuquleka kubuye noma kwenzeke kaningi. 

Isebenza kanjani i-Lamotrigine Tablet

Indlela yokusebenza ye-Lamotrigine inhlobonhlobo, ehlanganisa ukushintshwa kwesiteshi se-sodium ne-calcium, ukulawulwa kwe-neurotransmitter, kanye nemiphumela ye-neuroprotective engaba khona. Lokhu kusebenzisana okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezenzo kuchaza ukusebenza kahle kwayo ekwelapheni isithuthwane nesifo esiguquguqukayo futhi kuphakamisa amandla okusetshenziswa kwezinye izimo zemizwa.

Ngingathatha I-Lamotrigine Neminye Imithi?

Imithi ethile ingathinta amazinga e-lamotrigine emzimbeni. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• I-Atazanavir
• Izidakamizwa ze-antiseizure, njenge-carbamazepine, i-phenobarbital, i-phenytoin, i-primidone, ne-valproic acid
• Imithi yokuvimbela inzalo equkethe i-estrogen
• Phenytoin
• Phenobarbital
• I-Primidone
• I-Rifampicin

Iziguli kufanele ziqaphele lapho zihlanganisa i-lamotrigine neminye imithi ethinta isimiso sezinzwa esimaphakathi. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• Izidakamizwa ze-Antipsychotics
• Benzodiazepines
• Opioids
• Ezinye izidakamizwa ze-antiepileptic

Ulwazi Lomthamo

Kubantu abadala abane-bipolar disorder, umthamo wokuqala uvamise ukuba ngu-25 mg kanye ngosuku amasonto amabili, ulandelwe ngu-50 mg kanye ngosuku amasonto amabili. 

Ekwelapheni isithuthwane kubantu abadala, umthamo uyinkimbinkimbi. Ezigulini ezingathathi i-valproic acid kodwa ezithatha ezinye izidakamizwa ze-enzyme-inducing antiepileptic (AEDs), umthamo wokuqala ngu-50 mg kanye ngosuku amasonto amabili, bese u-100 mg uhlukaniswa ngemithamo emibili nsuku zonke amasonto amabili. Kulabo abangathathi noma yimaphi ama-AED e-enzyme-inducing noma i-valproic acid, umthamo wokuqala ngu-25 mg kanye ngosuku amasonto amabili, bese kuba ngu-50 mg kanye ngosuku amasonto amabili, ngesilinganiso esiphezulu esingu-375 mg nsuku zonke.

Isiphetho

Nakuba i-lamotrigine inezinzuzo ezifakazelwe, kubalulekile ukuthi iziguli ziyisebenzise ngaphansi kokugadwa kwezokwelapha. Ukuhlolwa njalo nokuxhumana ngokukhululekile nodokotela kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwelashwa okuphephile nokusebenzayo. Ngokuqonda ukusetshenziswa okufanele, imiphumela emibi engaba khona, kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha ezidingekayo, iziguli zingakwazi ukukhulisa izinzuzo ze-lamotrigine ngenkathi zinciphisa izingozi, ekugcineni zithuthukise izinga labo lokuphila.

FAQ sika

1. Isetshenziselwa ini isidakamizwa i-lamotrigine?

I-Lamotrigine isebenza njengemithi eguquguqukayo enezicelo eziningi emkhakheni we i-neurology futhi i-psychiatry. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo okuyinhloko kuhlanganisa:

• Ukwelashwa kwesifo sokuwa
• Ukulawulwa kwe-bipolar disorder

2. Yimuphi umphumela ovame kakhulu we-lamotrigine?

I-Lamotrigine, njengayo yonke imithi, ingabangela imiphumela emibi ehlukahlukene. Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ye-lamotrigine ihlanganisa:

• Ukuphathwa yikhanda
• Ukozela kanye nesiyezi
• Ukubona okufiphele noma okukabili
• I-nausea nokuhlanza
• Ukukhwabanisa isikhumba

3. Ubani okungafanele athathe i-lamotrigine?

Nakuba i-lamotrigine isiza ukuphatha isifo sokuwa ne-bipolar kubantu abaningi, amaqembu athile abantu kufanele aqaphele noma agweme ukuthatha le mithi:

• Abantu abangezwani ne-lamotrigine noma yiziphi izithako zayo 
• abesifazane abakhulelwe
• Omama abancelisayo
• Abantu abanezifo ezizimele, ukuphazamiseka kwegazi, izinkinga zenhliziyo, nokwehluleka kwezinso noma isibindi kufanele bazise udokotela wabo ngaphambi kokuqala i-lamotrigine.
• Labo abanomlando wokucindezeleka noma imicabango yokuzibulala
• Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emibili

4. Ingabe i-lamotrigine ingcono ebusuku?

Isikhathi sokuthatha i-lamotrigine singahluka futhi sincike ezicini zesiguli kanye nencwadi kadokotela ethize. Nazi ezinye zokucatshangelwa:

• Uma i-lamotrigine inqunywe kanye ngosuku futhi ibangela ukulala, ukuyiphuza ebusuku kungase kube yinzuzo.
• Kulawo anqunyelwe i-lamotrigine kabili ngosuku, kuyatuseka ukuthi kukhishwe imithamo usuku lonke—ngokwesibonelo, umthamo owodwa ekuseni nowodwa kusihlwa.
• Abanye abantu bangathola ukuthi i-lamotrigine ibagcina bephapheme. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukuphuza ekuseni kungase kufaneke kakhudlwana.
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isikhathi sini, kubalulekile ukuthatha i-lamotrigine ngokungaguquki ngesikhathi(izi)khathi esifanayo usuku ngalunye.

5. Kungani i-lamotrigine ithathwa ebusuku?

I-Lamotrigine ivame ukuthathwa ebusuku ngenxa yezizathu eziningana:

• Uma i-lamotrigine ibangela ukozela, ukuyiphuza ebusuku kungasiza ekunciphiseni ubuthongo basemini kanye nomthelela wako emisebenzini yansuku zonke.
• Ukuze uthole umthamo kanye ngosuku, ukuphatha ebusuku kungaba lula ukukhumbula futhi kuhlanganiswe nesimiso sokulala.
• Ukuthatha i-lamotrigine ebusuku kungasiza abanye abantu ukuthi balawule kangcono imiphumela ethile engathandeki engase iphazamise phakathi nosuku.
• Kwabanye abantu abanesifo sokuwa, ukudotshwa ebusuku kungase kunikeze ukulawulwa okungcono kokuquleka, ikakhulukazi kulabo ababa nokuquleka lapho belele noma lapho bevuka.

Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Ulwazi olunikezwe lapha alwenzelwe ukufaka iseluleko esivela kuchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ulwazi aluhloselwe ukumboza konke ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka, imiphumela engemihle, izinyathelo zokuphepha, nokusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa. Lolu lwazi aluhloselwe ukuphakamisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa umuthi othile kufanelekile, kuphephile, noma kuyasebenza wena noma omunye umuntu. Ukungabi bikho kwanoma yiluphi ulwazi noma isexwayiso mayelana nomuthi akufanele kuhunyushwe njengesiqinisekiso esicacile esivela enhlanganweni. Sikweluleka ngokuqinile ukuthi uthintane nodokotela uma kukhona okukukhathazayo ngomuthi futhi ungalokothi usebenzise umuthi ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.