• Mayelana Us - CHG
  • Iziguli Zomhlaba Wonke
  • Khokha ku-inthanethi
  • Careers
  • Buza Manje
  • Impendulo
  • Isithombe Sendawo
isithonjana
×

Leflunomide

I-Leflunomide iyisidakamizwa esilwa nesifo samathambo (DMARD). Lo muthi welapha kokubili rheumatoid arthritis kanye ne-psoriatic arthritis ngokunciphisa umsebenzi wamasosha omzimba. Iziguli kufanele zilindele ukusabela kancane kancane kulo muthi. Izimpawu ngokuvamile ziqala ukuba ngcono emasontweni amane kuya kwayisithupha, kodwa izinzuzo ezigcwele zingathatha izinyanga ezine kuya kweziyisithupha ukuze zibonakale. 

Lesi sihloko sichaza konke mayelana nomuthi i-leflunomide, okuhlanganisa nokusetshenziswa kwawo, ukuthi kusho ukuthini ezigulini, indlela yawo yokusebenza njengesidakamizwa esilwa nesifo samathambo esishintsha izifo, kanye nemininingwane yokuphepha ebalulekile. 

Iyini i-Leflunomide?

I-Leflunomide igqama kweminye imithi njengengxenye yeqembu elibizwa nge- disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Lo muthi we-immunosuppressive usebenza njenge-pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor. Lokhu kuvimbela i-enzyme i-dihydroorotate dehydrogenase futhi kusiza ukulondoloza ukusebenza kwamalunga ngokunciphisa i-articular cartilage kanye nokuwohloka kwamathambo. Ungathola lawa maphilisi omlomo ngamandla amathathu: 

  • Leflunomide 10 mg amaphilisi
  • Leflunomide 20 mg amaphilisi
  • Leflunomide 100 mg amaphilisi

Ukusetshenziswa kweLeflunomide

Odokotela basebenzisa amaphilisi e-leflunomide ukwelapha isifo samathambo esisebenzayo. Umuthi unciphisa izimpawu nezimpawu futhi wehlise ijubane ukuqhubeka kokulimala kwamalunga. Ukwengeza, kusiza iziguli ezinobuhlungu obuhlangene futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwazo ngokomzimba. Imithi iphinde isebenze kahle nge-psoriatic arthritis, nakuba lokhu kungavunyelwe yi-FDA.

Kanjani Futhi Nini Ithebhulethi Leflunomide

  • Iziguli eziningi ziqala ngokulayisha umthamo we-100 mg kanye ngosuku izinsuku ezintathu. Umthamo wesondlo we-10-20 mg kanye ngosuku ulandela lesi sigaba sokuqala.
  • Kufanele uwagwinye wonke amaphilisi ngamanzi futhi ungalokothi uwahlafune noma uwachoboze. 
  • Ungathatha amaphilisi ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla.
  • Ukuthatha i-leflunomide ngesikhathi esifanayo usuku ngalunye kuzonikeza izinga eliqinile lemithi emzimbeni wakho.

Imiphumela Emibi Yethebhulethi yeLeflunomide

Imiphumela emibi evamile ihlanganisa:

Ukuqapha

  • I-Leflunomide idinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela. Udokotela wakho uzohlela ukuhlolwa kwegazi njalo ukuze ahlole ukulimala kwesibindi. 
  • Akufanele uphuze lo muthi uma ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa maduzane. 
  • Umuthi awuzifanele iziguli ezinezinkinga zezinso ezimaphakathi kuya kwezinzima.
  • Umuthi awuphephile kubantu abanokukhubazeka okukhulu kwesibindi, i-interstitial isifo samaphaphu, noma izifo. 
  • Yazisa udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi eminye imithi kanye nezithako zemithi ozithathayo.

Isebenza kanjani ithebhulethi yeLeflunomide

Ukusebenza kwe-Leflunomide kuvela ohlotsheni lwayo olusebenzayo olubizwa nge-teriflunomide. Umuthi uqondise i-enzyme ethile ebizwa ngokuthi i-dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) emzimbeni wakho. Le enzyme idlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlanganiseni i-pyrimidine, esiza amaseli ukuba ande.

Umuthi usebenza ngokuvimbela le enzyme futhi uvimbela amaseli omzimba asebenza ngokweqile ukuba aphindaphindeke ngokushesha. Lesi senzo sithinta ngokuyinhloko ama-lymphocyte ayinkinga abangela ukuvuvukala okuhlangene ngaphandle kokuyekethisa amasosha akho omzimba.

Ngingathatha I-Leflunomide Ngeminye Imithi?

Eminye imithi ingaba yingozi uma ihlanganiswa ne-leflunomide: 

  • I-Acyclovir
  • Amanye ama-antibiotic afana ne-ciprofloxacin
  • Izidakamizwa ezehlisa i-cholesterol
  • Imithi yesifo sikashukela 
  • Imithi yokugoma ebukhoma 
  • I-Methotrexate
  • I-Montelukast 
  • I-Teriflunomide

Ulwazi Lomthamo

Ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kulandela le phethini:

  • Umthamo wokuqala: 100 mg nsuku zonke izinsuku ezintathu
  • Umthamo wesondlo: 20 mg kanye ngosuku

Udokotela wakho angase ehlise umthamo ube ngu-10 mg nsuku zonke uma imiphumela emibi ivela. Iziguli eziningi zibona ngcono ngemva kwamaviki angu-4-8, nakuba izinzuzo eziphelele zingathatha izinyanga ezi-4-6.

Isiphetho

I-Leflunomide inikeza ikhambi elisebenzayo kubantu abalwa ne-rheumatoid noma i-psoriatic arthritis. Ngokungafani nemithi yezinhlungu evamile, lokhu kwelashwa kuqondise amangqamuzana omzimba angasebenzi ngokweqile ngokuqondile futhi kubambezele ukuqhubeka kwesifo. Ukwelashwa kudinga isineke. Iziguli ngokuvamile zibona imiphumela phakathi kwamaviki angu-4-8, kodwa kuthatha izinyanga ezimbalwa ukubona imiphumela egcwele. 

Ukuqonda kahle okuhle nokubi kusiza iziguli zinqume ukuthi yini elungele ukunakekelwa kwazo. Umuthi ungase ungasebenzi kuwo wonke umuntu, kodwa usiza abantu abaningi ukuba balondoloze ukusebenza kwabo okuhlangene futhi baphile izimpilo ezingcono ngaphansi kokunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe i-leflunomide isengozini enkulu?

I-Leflunomide iza nezingozi eziphawulekayo. I-FDA yengeze isexwayiso esinebhokisi mayelana nokulimala okukhulu kwesibindi okungenzeka. Noma kunjalo, umuthi uyasebenza ezigulini eziningi. 

2. I-leflunomide ithatha isikhathi esingakanani ukusebenza?

Iziguli ngokuvamile zibona ukuthuthuka emavikini angu-4-8 ngemva kokuqala ukwelashwa. Izinzuzo ezigcwele zingase zithathe cishe izinyanga ezingu-6 ukuze zibonakale. 

3. Kwenzekani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo?

Thatha umthamo ogejiwe uma usukhumbula. Yeqa umthamo ogejiwe uma sekusondele isikhathi sakho esilandelayo futhi unamathele esimisweni sakho esijwayelekile. Akufanele neze uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ubambe.

4. Kwenzekani uma ngiphuza ngokweqile?

Izimpawu ezijwayelekile ze-overdose zihlanganisa:

Thola usizo lwezempilo oluphuthumayo.

5. Ubani ongakwazi ukuthatha i-leflunomide?

I-Leflunomide ayifanele:

  • abesifazane abakhulelwe nalabo abahlela ukukhulelwa
  • Abantu abanezinkinga ezinzima zesibindi, ukuntuleka kokuzivikela komzimba, ukuphazamiseka komnkantsha wamathambo, noma izifo ezimbi kakhulu 
  • Iziguli ezinezinkinga zezinso ezimaphakathi kuya kwezinzima

6. Kufanele ngiyiphuze nini i-leflunomide?

Thatha i-leflunomide ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke. Lokhu kusiza ukugcina amazinga emithi engashintshi egazini lakho. Ungaphuza amaphilisi ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla—vele uwagwinye wonke ngamanzi.

7. Zingaki izinsuku zokuphuza i-leflunomide?

Ukwelashwa kweLeflunomide kuvame ukuqhubeka iminyaka eminingi. Kungenzeka ukuyithatha iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10 uma iqhubeka nokusebenza futhi kungekho miphumela emibi kakhulu eba khona. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuqapha kukho konke ukwelashwa kwakho.

8. Kufanele uyeke nini i-leflunomide?

Udokotela wakho angase akutshele ukuthi uyeke i-leflunomide uma ama-enzyme esibindi sakho ekhuphuka kakhulu, uba nezifo ezimbi kakhulu, noma uba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Abesifazane abahlela ukukhulelwa kumele bayeke imithi futhi badlule ohlelweni olukhethekile lokususa umuthi emzimbeni wabo.

9. Ingabe kuphephile ukuphuza i-leflunomide nsuku zonke?

Iziguli eziningi zingakwazi ukuthatha i-leflunomide ngokuphepha nsuku zonke. Imiphumela engemihle ivamise ukuvela ekuqaleni kokwelashwa futhi ivama ukushabalala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Iphrofayili yemiphumela emibi yomuthi iqhathaniswa kahle namanye ama-DMARD.

10. Yisiphi isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuphuza i-leflunomide?

Ekuseni kusebenza kangcono njengesikhathi esifanele, ikakhulukazi uma unokudla ukuze unciphise ukucasuka kwesisu. Isikhathi ngokwaso sibalulekile kunokungaguquguquki—sithathe ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine amazinga emithi eqinile.

11. Yini okufanele uyigweme lapho uthatha i-leflunomide?

  • Nciphisa noma ugweme utshwala 
  • Imithi yokugoma ebukhoma 
  • Izikhala eziminyene 
  • Ukudla okuluhlaza/okungaphekwa kahle

12. Ingabe i-leflunomide ibangela ukukhuluphala?

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-leflunomide empeleni iholela ekubeni nesizotha kwesisindo. 

13. Yikuphi ukudla okufanele ukugweme ngenkathi uthatha i-leflunomide?

Ukudla okuluhlaza noma okungaphekiwe kahle kwandisa izingozi zokutheleleka futhi kufanele kugwenywe. Ayikho eminye imikhawulo ethile yokudla esebenza kubasebenzisi be-leflunomide.

14. Ingabe ngidinga ukuphuza i-folic acid ne-leflunomide?

Izithasiselo ze-folic acid zinganciphisa imiphumela engemihle njengokukhathala nekhanda ngenkathi zinikeza isivikelo kumaseli esibindi.