I-Metformin

I-Metformin

I-Metformin ilawula amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini abangelwa yilokhu isifo sikashukela i-mellitus noma uhlobo 2 sikashukela. Ohlotsheni lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, i-insulin yomzimba ayikafinyeleli kumaseli enza imisebenzi ebalulekile ye-metabolic.

Abantu abaningi baphatha isifo sikashukela ngokudla kanye nezinhlelo zokudla ezihlinzekwa ngodokotela. Kepha kulabo abanamazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini, ukusebenzisa iMetformin ene-insulin kungasiza ukulawula isifo sikashukela.

Yiziphi izinzuzo zeMetformin?

I-Metformin isetshenziswa ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Isebenza ngokubuyisela impendulo yomzimba wakho ku-insulin. Futhi kunciphisa inani likashukela esibindini sakho, esimunca isisu noma amathumbu akho.

Ukuphatha ngempumelelo isifo sikashukela kunganciphisa ingozi yokulimala kwezinso, ubumpumputhe, isifo sikashukela, i-retinopathy, izinkinga zemizwa, ukulahlekelwa izitho zomzimba, nokungasebenzi kahle kocansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma izingozi ezihlobene nokushaywa unhlangothi nazo zingancishiswa.

I-metformin yelashwa kanjani isifo sikashukela?

I-Metformin ifinyelela ekunciphiseni ushukela egazini ngezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko:

• Ukuzwela kwe-insulin okuthuthukisiwe: Yandisa ukusabela komzimba ku-insulin, ihomoni ehambisa ushukela usuka egazini iye kumaseli ukuze uthole amandla. I-Metformin ilwa nokumelana ne-insulin, lapho amangqamuzana engayisebenzisi kahle i-insulin, okuholela ekukhuphukeni kwamazinga kashukela egazini.
• Ukumuncwa kukashukela okwehlisiwe: I-Metformin inqanda ukumuncwa kukashukela ovela ekudleni emathunjini, yehlisa ukuthutheleka kukashukela egazini.
• Ukukhiqiza Ushukela Owehlisiwe: I-Metformin ikhuluma ngokukhiqizwa kukashukela wemvelo womzimba, otholakala ngokuyinhloko esibindini. Ikhawulela inani likashukela okhiqizwa isibindi, okunomthelela ekulawuleni ushukela wegazi jikelele.

Ungayisebenzisa kanjani futhi nini iMetformin?

• I-Metformin ingathathwa ngomlomo. Udokotela ngokuvamile ubeka imithamo ngemva kokuhlola isimo sakho. Ukuthatha umuthi izikhathi ezi-1-3 ngosuku ngokudla ngokuvamile kunqunyelwe. Futhi, ukuphuza amanzi amaningi ngomuthi ngokuvamile kuyalulekwa.
• Umthamo uncike esimweni sezokwelapha, eminye imithi, kanye nokusabela kuleyo mithi nokwelashwa. Hlala uxoxisana nodokotela ngayo yonke imithi onayo njengamanje - eyemithi, incwadi kadokotela, noma engeyona ekadokotela. Futhi, ukunyuswa komthamo kancane kancane kuyanconywa, kuqala ngomthamo ophansi. Qiniseka ukuthi uyithatha ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke.
• Uma usuvele uthatha ezinye izidakamizwa, odokotela bakho bazonquma ukuthi kufanele yini uqhubeke noma uyeke eminye imithi. Gada izinga likashukela egazini lakho njalo, njengoba eyalelwe udokotela, ukuze ulandelele i-glucose yomzimba wakho. Kuye ngempendulo yokwelashwa, udokotela uzolungisa umthamo. Ungayithatha ngamaphilisi, izixazululo, ukumiswa kokukhishwa okunwetshiwe, kanye namafomu ethebhulethi okukhululwa okunwetshiwe.

Yimiphi imiphumela emibi ye-metformin?

Imiphumela emibi ye-Metformin ayitholakali kakhulu. Kwenzeka kumuntu oyedwa kwabayi-100. Eminye imiphumela emibi yeMetformin ifaka:

• I-nausea
• Ukuvota
• Uhudo
• Isihlungu esiswini
• Ukungabi namandla
• Ukunambitheka kwensimbi
• Umkhuhlane namakhaza
• Umuzwa ojwayelekile wokungakhululeki
• Ukuchama kabuhlungu
• Ukuthuthumela 
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha namajaqamba
• Ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso
• Isikhumba esipholile, esiphaphathekile
• ukukhathazeka
• Coma
• I-sweat yamafutha
• bekhanda
• Ukujuluka okwengeziwe
• Ukwesaba
• Ubunzima ekukhulumeni
• Shakiness

Eminye yemiphumela emibi engavamile yomuthi yile:

• Ukungabi namandla
• Iphethini yokulala engajwayelekile
• Ukulala 
• Ukushintsha ukuziphatha

Ukuthatha i-Metformin nakho kungadala ukuntuleka kwevithamini B12, futhi ungase uhlangabezane nokulandelayo:

• Iphelelwe amandla
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha
• Izilonda zomlomo
• Ulimi olubuhlungu nolubomvu
• Inkinga yombono

Futhi, uma uzwa ukuphefumula okungajulile, ukubanda, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kancane, namehlo aphenduka abe phuzi, kufanele ushayele ucingo lwakho. umhlinzeki wezempilo ngokushesha. Ezimweni ezingavamile, kungase futhi kubangele ukungezwani komzimba. Nokho, kungase kube neminye imiphumela engemihle. Ungahlola futhi ingaphakathi lepheshana lemithi ukuze wazi okwengeziwe. Futhi, khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisela ukwelashwa.

Yiziphi izinyathelo zokuphepha okufanele zithathwe?

• Lapho usebenzisa i-Metformin, funda imiyalo enikezwe ephaketheni. Uma udinga usizo lokuziqonda, thintana nodokotela wakho. Okokuqala, kufanele ulandele uhlelo lokudla oluphakanyiswa udokotela. Lokhu kubaluleka ukuze umuthi usebenze.
• Kufanele uphuze i-Metformin ngesikhathi sokudla ukuze ugweme noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi yesisu. Ungase ube nezimo zamathumbu eziphazamisekile phakathi namaviki ambalwa okuqala okwelashwa. Futhi, gwinya ithebhulethi ngokuphelele - ungayihlafuni, ungayichobozi, noma uyiphule. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenzisa uhlobo lomuthi olufanayo njengokusho kukadokotela wakho kubalulekile. 
• Contraindication: Yazisa udokotela wakho uma unokukhubazeka kwesibindi noma ukusebenza kwezinso, njengoba lo muthi ungase ubangele i-lactic acidosis (ukunqwabelana kwe-lactic acid egazini). 
• Ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa: Yazisa udokotela wakho uma ukhulelwe ngaphambi kokuthatha le mithi futhi usebenzise imithi njengoba kunqunyiwe. Ingase idlulele obisini lwebele, ngakho-ke yazisa udokotela wakho uma uncelisa. 
• Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-10 azinconywa ukuthi zithathe i-metformin. 

Kuthiwani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo noma ngine-overdose ye-metformin?

• Uma uphuthelwa umthamo, thatha umuthi ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Kodwa-ke, ukudosa kabili akunconyiwe uma kuyisikhathi sedosi yakho elandelayo.  

• Uma kwenzeka ukweqisa izidakamizwa, ungalindi kuze kuvele izimpawu. Kunalokho, xhumana nocingo losizo oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Yiziphi izimo zokugcina zeMetformin?

Gcina umuthi kude nokushisa, elangeni eliqondile, umswakama, namakhaza. Zigcine esitsheni esivaliwe ekamelweni lokushisa, ngaphandle lapho izingane zingafinyeleleki khona. 

Izixwayiso neminye imithi

Ukuthatha imithi ethile, njenge-acetazolamide, i-methazolamide, i-topiramate, i-zonisamide, ne-dichlorphenamide, kungase kunyuse ngokuyingozi i-lactic acid yomzimba, okuholela ku-lactic acidosis. I-Lactic acidosis ibangela ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla, amajaqamba emisipha, ukukhathala, ukozela emini, ukuphefumula okungajulile, njll. Futhi, isebenzisana nanoma yimuphi umuthi owehlisa ushukela osegazini futhi ubangele i-hypoglycemia.

Njalo tshela udokotela wakho ngemithi yakho eqhubekayo kanye nokwelashwa ukuze ugweme imiphumela engemihle. 

I-Metformin isebenza ngokushesha kangakanani?

I-Metformin iqala ukusebenza phakathi nesonto elilodwa lokwelashwa. Nokho, alehlisi kakhulu izinga likashukela egazini. Ngokuya ngomthamo wakho, ukubonisa imiphumela kuthatha cishe izinsuku ezingu-5-6. Futhi, i-Metformin umuthi wesikhathi eside. Ngakho, abanye abantu kudingeka baphuze umuthi unomphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imiphumela incike ebucayi besimo. 

I-Metformin ngokumelene neGlimepiride 

I-Metformin iphumelela kakhulu ekulawuleni amazinga kashukela egazi kuhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Kodwa-ke, akunconywa ukuba kudlule umthamo onqunyiwe futhi kufanele kuthathwe kuphela njengoba kuqondiswa udokotela. 

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Yenzani i-metformin emzimbeni wakho?

I-Metformin isiza ngokuyinhloko ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho. Ithuthukisa ukuzwela kwe-insulin, inciphisa ukumuncwa kukashukela emathunjini, futhi yehlise ukukhiqizwa kukashukela esibindini.

2. Ngingakwazi ukuyeka ukuthatha i-metformin uma amazinga ami kashukela ejwayelekile?

Akufanele uyeke ukuthatha i-metformin ngaphandle kokuthintana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo, noma ngabe amazinga kashukela egazini ajwayelekile. Udokotela wakho uzonquma uhlelo lokwelapha olufaneleka kakhulu lwesimo sakho.

3. Ingabe i-insulin ingcono kune-metformin?

I-insulin ne-metformin zisebenza ngezinhloso ezahlukahlukene. I-insulin ivame ukusetshenziswa lapho ushukela wegazi ungenakulawulwa ngokwanele ngemithi yomlomo kuphela. Ukukhetha phakathi kwabo kuncike ezimweni zomuntu ngamunye kanye nesigaba sesifo sikashukela.

4. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-metformin ne-glimepiride?

I-Metformin ne-Gliepiride yomibili imithi yesifo sikashukela, kodwa isebenza ngendlela ehlukile. I-Metformin yehlisa ushukela wegazi ngokubhekana nokuphikiswa kwe-insulin nokumuncwa ushukela. I-Gliepiride ivuselela ama-pancreas ukuthi akhiphe i-insulin eyengeziwe. Ukukhetha kuncike esimweni sakho esithile kanye nezinjongo zokwelashwa.

5. Ihluke kanjani i-metformin kweminye imithi yesifo sikashukela?

I-Metformin yehlukile kweminye imithi eminingi yesifo sikashukela ngoba ayiholeli ku-hypoglycemia (ushukela ophansi wegazi) uma isetshenziswa iyodwa. Iphinde inikeze imiphumela engathathi hlangothi noma enciphisa isisindo, iyenze ifaneleke kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 abakhuluphele ngokweqile. Ezinye izidakamizwa zesifo sikashukela zingase zibe nezindlela ezihlukene zokwenza kanye nemiphumela engemihle. Udokotela wakho ukhetha okufanele kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zakho.

References:

https://www.goodrx.com/Metformin/how-long-it-takes-Metformin-work https://www.goodrx.com/Metformin/interactions#meds-that-block-Metformin-elimination
https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-11285-7061/Metformin-oral/Metformin-oral/details
https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/Metformin-oral-route/precautions/drg-20067074?p=1#:~:text=Metformin%20should%20be%20taken%20with,%2C%20break%2C%20or%20chew%20it

Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Ulwazi olunikezwe lapha alwenzelwe ukufaka iseluleko esivela kuchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ulwazi aluhloselwe ukumboza konke ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka, imiphumela engemihle, izinyathelo zokuphepha, nokusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa. Lolu lwazi aluhloselwe ukuphakamisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa umuthi othile kufanelekile, kuphephile, noma kuyasebenza wena noma omunye umuntu. Ukungabi bikho kwanoma yiluphi ulwazi noma isexwayiso mayelana nomuthi akufanele kuhunyushwe njengesiqinisekiso esicacile esivela enhlanganweni. Sikweluleka ngokuqinile ukuthi uthintane nodokotela uma kukhona okukukhathazayo ngomuthi futhi ungalokothi usebenzise umuthi ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.