I-Mirtazapine

I-Mirtazapine

Ingabe wake wahlushwa ubuthongo noma wazizwa ugajwe ukucindezeleka? I-Mirtazapine, umuthi onamandla, ingaba yimpendulo oyifunayo. Le antidepressant ithole ukunakwa ngekhono layo eliyingqayizivele lokubhekana nakho kokubili ukuphazamiseka kwemizwelo nezinkinga zokulala, okuyenza ibe inketho ehlangene ezigulini eziningi. Ake sihlole ukungena nokuphuma kwamaphilisi e-mirtazapine. Sizofunda ngokusetshenziswa kwazo, ukuthi zithathwa kanjani, nokuthi yimiphi imiphumela emibi okufanele uyiqaphele. 

Iyini i-Mirtazapine?

I-Mirtazapine umuthi onamandla we-antidepressant osetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kokucindezeleka kubantu abadala. Kungokweqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi i-tetracyclic antidepressants (TeCA). Lesi sidakamizwa sibuyisela ibhalansi yamakhemikhali abalulekile ebuchosheni bakho, nakuba indlela yawo eqondile ingaqondakali ngokugcwele.

Amaphilisi e-Mirtazapine aziwa ngekhono lawo eliyingqayizivele lokubhekana nakho kokubili ukuphazamiseka kwemizwelo kanye nezinkinga zokulala. Ungase uqale ukuqaphela imiphumela ye-mirtazapine ekuqaleni kwesonto elilodwa ngemva kokuqala ukwelashwa.

Ukusetshenziswa kwethebhulethi ye-Mirtazapine

Odokotela ngokuyinhloko basebenzisa amaphilisi e-mirtazapine ukwelapha ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kokucindezeleka kubantu abadala. Le antidepressant enamandla inomthelela omuhle ekulinganiseni kwengqondo ngokwandisa izinhlobo ezithile zomsebenzi wobuchopho. 

Ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwayo okuyinhloko, odokotela ngezinye izikhathi banikeza i-mirtazapine kwezinye izimo. Lokhu kubandakanya: 

• ukukhathazeka iziyaluyalu
• Isifo se-panic
• I-post-traumatic stress disorder
• Izinkinga zokulala
• Kungavusa isifiso sokudla, kukwenze kube usizo ezigulini ezidinga ukukhuluphala, njengalezo ezinomdlavuza noma i-anorexia nervosa. 

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi nakuba i-mirtazapine inokusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene, ayivunyelwe izingane. 

Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-Mirtazapine Tablet

• Ukuze uthole inzuzo enkulu kumaphilisi e-mirtazapine, udinga ukuwathatha njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekubeka. 
• Abantu ngabanye bangathatha i-mirtazapine ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla. 
• Thatha amaphilisi ngamanzi, futhi ungawaphuli, ungawachobozi noma uwahlafune. 
• I-Mirtazapine nayo ingena njengethebhulethi ye-oro-dispersible encibilika emlonyeni wakho. Beka lezi olimini lwakho futhi uzivumele zincibilike ngaphambi kokugwinya ngaphandle kokuphuza.
• Abantu bavame ukuthatha i-mirtazapine kanye ngosuku, okungcono kakhulu ngaphambi kokulala, ngoba ingakwenza ulale. Uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi uyiphuze kabili ngosuku, thatha umthamo omncane ekuseni kanye nethamo elikhulu ebusuku. 
• Kubalulekile ukuthatha i-mirtazapine njalo ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke. Ungase ungaboni ukuthuthuka evikini elingu-1 ukuya kwangu-4, ngakho-ke qhubeka nokuthatha noma ngabe uzizwa uphilile.

Imiphumela Emibi ye-Mirtazapine Tablets

Amaphilisi e-Mirtazapine anemiphumela engemihle eminingi, nakuba kungebona bonke abahlangabezana nayo. Imiphumela emibi evamile ihlanganisa: 

• Umlomo omile
• Ukwandisa ukudla
• Inzuzo yesisindo
• Ukuphathwa yikhanda
• Ukuzwa ubuthongo
• Uhudo noma ukuqunjelwa
• I-pancreatitis ye-acute
• Ukwenyuka kwamazinga e-serum cholesterol

Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-mirtazapine ingabangela imiphumela emibi kakhulu, njenge: 

• ezinzima ubuhlungu besisu
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu njalo
• Izinkinga zesibindi, njengokuphuzi kwamehlo noma isikhumba sakho
• Thrombocytopenia
• Ukucindezelwa komnkantsha kanye ne-neutropenia

Ukuqapha

Ngaphambi kokuthatha i-mirtazapine, kufanele uqaphele izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile, njenge: 

• Umlando Wezokwelapha: Tshela udokotela wakho mayelana nanoma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba noma izifo onazo, ikakhulukazi izinkinga zesibindi noma zezinso, izinkinga zenhliziyo, noma umlando wokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. 
• Ukozela: I-Mirtazapine ingabangela ukozela, ngakho-ke gwema ukushayela noma ukusebenzisa imishini uma ungaphansi komphumela womuthi. Qaphela lapho uhlanganisa i-mirtazapine notshwala noma eminye imithi ebangela ukozela. 
• Ukukhulelwa Nokuncelisa: Xoxa ngezingozi nezinzuzo nodokotela wakho uma ukhulelwe noma uncelisa. 
• Ukuqapha Kwemithi: I-Mirtazapine ingabangela isimo esibucayi esibizwa ngokuthi i-serotonin syndrome, ngezinye izikhathi uma ithathwe neminye imithi ethile. Ngakho-ke, tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi eqhubekayo ngaphambi kokuqala lo muthi. Ungayeki ukuthatha i-mirtazapine ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho, njengoba lokhu kungabangela izimpawu zokuhoxa. 

Ukuhlolwa njalo nodokotela wakho owelaphayo kubalulekile ukuze uqaphe ukuqhubeka kwakho futhi ulungise umthamo wakho uma kudingeka.

Isebenza kanjani ithebhulethi ye-Mirtazapine

Amaphilisi e-Mirtazapine asebenza ngendlela eyingqayizivele yokwelapha ukudangala. Nakuba indlela eqondile ingaqondwa ngokugcwele, kukholakala ukuthi yandisa amanani e-norepinephrine ne-serotonin ebuchosheni bakho. Lezi zithunywa zamakhemikhali zingalawula isimo sakho sengqondo.

I-Mirtazapine iyingxenye yeqembu lemithi njenge-noradrenergic & specific serotonergic antidepressant (NaSSA). Ivimbela ama-central presynaptic alpha-2-adrenergic receptors, okuholela ekwandeni kokukhululwa kwe-serotonin ne-norepinephrine. Lokhu kunomphumela osebenzayo ohlelweni lwakho lwezinzwa olunozwela, oluchaza ukwanda okujwayelekile komsebenzi kanye nemetabolism evame ukubonakala ngokusetshenziswa kwe-mirtazapine.

Ukwengeza, i-mirtazapine yenza njengomphikisi onamandla we-serotonin receptors ethile (5-HT2A, 5-HT2C, ne-5-HT3) nama-histamine H1 receptors. Lesi senzo sinomthelela emiphumeleni yaso yokudambisa, ngaleyo ndlela kwenze odokotela banikeze i-mirtazapine ngezinkinga zokulala ezivame ukuhlotshaniswa nokucindezeleka.

Ngokungafani namanye ama-antidepressants amaningi, i-mirtazapine ayikuvimbeli ukutholwa kabusha kwe-serotonin, i-dopamine, noma i-norepinephrine. Le ndlela yokusebenza eyingqayizivele yenza kube ngcono kuneminye imithi yokucindezeleka.

Ngingathatha I-Mirtazapine Neminye Imithi?

Abantu kufanele baqaphele lapho bethatha i-mirtazapine neminye imithi. Eminye imithi ingathinta ukusebenza kahle kwe-mirtazapine noma yandise ingozi yemiphumela emibi, njenge:

• Ama-antibiotics afana ne-rifampicin, i-clarithromycin, i-rifampicin
• Ama-antidepressants, ikakhulukazi i-monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
• Imithi ye-Antifungal efana ne-ketoconazole noma i-itraconazole
• I-Cimetidine
• I-Diazepam
• Lithium
• Ama-relaxant muscle
• Amaphilisi ezinhlungu anamandla 
• I-St John's wort 
• I-Tramadol
• I-Tryptophan
• Warfarin

Ulwazi Lomthamo

Umthamo wokuqala ojwayelekile we-mirtazapine ngu-15mg kuya ku-30mg ngosuku, othathwa njengomthamo owodwa kusihlwa ngaphambi kokulala. Udokotela wakho angase andise lokhu kuze kufike ku-45 mg ngosuku, kuye ngempendulo yakho. Kungcono ukuthatha i-mirtazapine kanye ngosuku, okungcono ebusuku, ngenxa yemiphumela yayo yokudambisa. Ungayeki ukuthatha i-mirtazapine ngokuzumayo noma ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala. Baphakamisa ukuthi wehlise umthamo wakho kancane kancane ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ukuze uvimbele izimpawu zokuhoxa. Khumbula, kungase kuthathe iviki eli-1 kuye kwayi-4 ukuze ubone ukuthuthuka, ngakho qhubeka uthatha imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe.

Isiphetho

I-Mirtazapine inomthelela omkhulu ekwelapheni ukucindezeleka nezinkinga zokulala, inikeza indlela eyingqayizivele yokunakekelwa kwezempilo yengqondo. Ikhono layo lokubhekana nakho kokubili ukuphazamiseka kwemizwelo kanye nezinkinga zokulala liyenza ibe inketho eguquguqukayo ezigulini eziningi. Umuthi usebenza ngokulinganisa izinto ezithile ebuchosheni, okubangela ukuthuthuka kwemizwa kanye nekhwalithi yokulala engcono. Nakuba ngokuyinhloko isetshenziselwa ukucindezeleka, odokotela ngezinye izikhathi bayinikeza ukukhathazeka, ukuphazamiseka kokulala, nokuthuthukisa isifiso sokudla.

Kubalulekile ukuthatha i-mirtazapine njengoba uqondiswa udokotela wakho futhi uqaphele imiphumela emibi engase ibe khona. Khumbula, i-mirtazapine iyithuluzi elinamandla lokulawula ukudangala, kodwa isebenza kangcono njengengxenye yohlelo lokwelapha oluphelele olungahlanganisa ukwelashwa kanye nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Kwenzekani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo we-mirtazapine, yithathe ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula. Ungalokothi uthathe umthamo ophindwe kabili ukuze ulungise ongagejiwe, njengoba lokhu kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi eyingozi.

2. Kwenzekani uma ngiphuza ngokweqile?

Uma uthatha i-mirtazapine kakhulu, ungase ube nezimpawu ezinjengokudideka, ukozela, izinkinga zenkumbulo, noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo. Uma kwenzeka ukweqisa, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha noma uthinte isikhungo sangakini sokulawula ubuthi. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-mirtazapine iphephile uma iqhathaniswa ne-overdose uma iqhathaniswa namanye ama-antidepressants.

3. Yini okufanele uyigweme lapho uthatha i-mirtazapine?

Lapho uthatha i-mirtazapine, gwema utshwala, njengoba kungandisa ukozela kanye nesiyezi. Qaphela lapho ushayela noma usebenzisa imishini. Gwema ukuhlanganisa i-mirtazapine nezinye izidakamizwa ezilalisa umzimba noma izinto zokungcebeleka, njengoba lokhu kungaholela ekusebenzisaneni okuyingozi.

4. Ingabe i-mirtazapine iphephile?

I-Mirtazapine ngokuvamile iphephile uma ithathwa njengoba kushiwo. Kodwa-ke, njengayo yonke imithi, ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Imiphumela emibi evamile ukozela, ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla, nokukhuluphala okungahlosiwe. Kubalulekile ukuxoxa nganoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka nodokotela wakho futhi ubike noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile. Ukuhlolwa kwezempilo okuvamile kungaqapha ukuqhubeka kwakho futhi kulungise umthamo we-mirtazapine.

5. Ngingakwazi ukuthatha i-mirtazapine unomphela?

Nakuba i-mirtazapine ngokuvamile iphephile ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, ayihlosiwe njengomuthi wempilo yonke. Ubude besikhathi sokwelashwa buncike esimweni sakho esithile kanye nempendulo emithini ye-mirtazapine. Uma usunezinyanga eziyisithupha noma ngaphezulu uzizwa ungcono, udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukuthi wehlise umthamo wakho kancane kancane. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha i-mirtazapine kungazelelwe ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho.

6. Ubani ongakwazi ukuthatha i-mirtazapine?

I-Mirtazapine ingase ingafaneli wonke umuntu. Abantu abanezimo ezithile zezokwelapha, njengezinkinga zesibindi noma zezinso, kungase kudingeke bayisebenzise ngokuqapha. Akuvunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ezinganeni. abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele ithathe i-mirtazapine kuphela uma idingeka ngokucacile, njengoba imiphumela yayo kubantwana abangakazalwa ingaziwa ngokugcwele. 

7. Kungani i-mirtazapine ithathwa ebusuku?

I-Mirtazapine ivame ukuthathwa ebusuku ngoba ingabangela ukozela, okungasiza ngezinkinga zokulala ezivame ukuhlotshaniswa ukucindezeleka. Imiphumela yokulalisa inamandla ngemithamo ephansi. Ukuyithatha ngaphambi kokulala kungakusiza ukuthi ulawule lo mphumela omubi futhi uthuthukise ikhwalithi yakho yokulala.