I-Montelukast

I-Montelukast

I-Montelukast isidakamizwa esiyingxenye ye-Leukotriene receptor antagonist. Kuwumuthi ovame ukunikezwa ufuba, i-rhinitis ye-allergic, ne-bronchospasms. Isidakamizwa esisebenza kahle ekudambiseni izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile, ezihlanganisa ukuthimula, ikhala eligijimayo, ukulunywa, njll. Indlela eyinhloko yalesi sidakamizwa ukuvimbela i-ejenti ebangela izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba, okuthiwa i-Leukotrienes. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwendlela yokuphefumula futhi ilawule ezinye izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.

Yiziphi ukusetshenziswa kwe-Montelukast?

Ezinye zezinto ezisetshenziswayo zeMontelukast zifaka:  

• Ukwelashwa Nokuvimbela Isifuba Somoya Esingapheli: I-Montelukast iyasebenza ekulawuleni nasekuvimbeleni isifuba somoya esingalapheki, isiza abantu ukuthi balawule izimpawu zabo futhi banciphise imvamisa yokuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya.
• Ukuvimbela I-Bronchospasm Ebangelwa Ukuzivocavoca: Ivikela ama-bronchospasms abangelwa ukuzikhandla ngokomzimba, okuvumela labo abanesifuba somoya ukuthi bazivocavoce ngaphandle kokucindezeleka kokuphefumula.
• Ukukhululwa Okuphawulekayo Kwe-Allergic Rhinitis: I-Montelukast inikeza impumuzo ezimpawini zokungezwani ne-rhinitis, njengokuthimula, ikhala eligijimayo, nokuminyana kwamakhala, ithuthukise ukunethezeka okuphelele.
• Ukukhululwa Ezimpawu Ze-Hay Fever: Idambisa ukungakhululeki okuhambisana ne-hay fever, ibhekane nezimpawu ezinjengokulunywa, amehlo agcwala amanzi kanye nokucinana kwamakhala. Lokhu kwenza kube ukukhetha okusebenzayo ngezikhathi zonyaka zokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile.

Kanjani futhi nini ukuthatha Montelukast?

Thatha imithi njengoba uqondiswa udokotela. Ivamise ukuthathwa ngomlomo njengethebhulethi, cishe imizuzu eyi-15 ngemuva kokudla ukudla. Ithebhulethi iyatholakala futhi ngendlela ehlafunwayo yeqembu leminyaka emincane. Ukungaguquguquki kuyisihluthulelo lapho uthatha lo muthi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuwuthatha ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke, noma njengoba kunconywe udokotela wakho. Uma uyisebenzisela ukuphatha kokubili isifuba somoya kanye nokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile, ukuyithatha kusihlwa nakho kuyindlela enhle. Kodwa-ke, ingathathwa ekuseni noma ebusuku, kuye ngokuthanda kwakho.

Uma imithi iphuzwa isifuba somoya esibangelwa ukuvivinya umzimba, kufanele iphuzwe okungenani ihora elilodwa kuya kwamabili ngaphambi kokuzivocavoca. Imithi idinga ukuqhutshwa ngisho noma isifuba somoya somuntu sibonakala silawulwa ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho ekweluleka ukuba uyeke.

Isebenza kanjani iMontelukast?

I-Montelukast imithi esetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ukuphatha isifuba somoya kanye ne-allergenic rhinitis (hay fever). Isebenza ngokukhomba nokuvimbela ama-leukotrienes, okuyizinto ezivuthayo ezikhiqizwa amasosha omzimba. 

• I-Leukotriene Inhibition: I-Montelukast ihlukaniswa njenge-leukotriene receptor antagonist. Isebenza ngokuvimbela ngokuqondile ama-leukotriene receptors emzimbeni. I-leukotrienes yizinto ezidlala indima ebalulekile ekuvuvukeni, i-bronchoconstriction (ukuncipha kwemigudu yomoya), nokukhiqizwa kwamafinyila emaphashini.
• Ukuvinjelwa Kokuvuvukala Kwendlela Yomoya: Ezimweni ezifana nesifuba somoya, izinto ezingezwani nomzimba noma izinto ezicasulayo zingabangela ukukhululwa kwe-leukotrienes, okuholela ekuvuvukeni nasekuvinjweni kwemigudu yomoya. Ngokuvimbela ama-leukotriene receptors, i-montelukast isiza ukuvimbela le mpendulo yokuvuvukala. Lesi senzo sisiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala emigwaqweni yomoya, okwenza kube lula ukuphefumula.
• Ukunciphisa I-Bronchoconstriction: I-leukotrienes ingabangela imisipha ebushelelezi ezungeze imigudu yomoya ukuthi ifinyeze, okuholela ekubambeni kwe-broncho kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula, ikakhulukazi kubantu abane-asthma. Ikhono le-Montelukast lokuvimbela ama-leukotrienes lisiza ukukhulula le misipha futhi livimbele ukuminyana komzila womoya.
• Ukulawula I-Allergic Rhinitis: I-Montelukast iphinde iphumelele ekulawuleni i-rhinitis yokungezwani komzimba (hay fever) ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala emigudwini yamakhala okubangelwa ukungezwani komzimba. Kungasiza ekwehliseni izimpawu ezinjengokuminyana kwamakhala, ukuthimula, ikhala eligijimayo, nokuluma.
• Ukusetshenziswa Kwe-Asthma Nezimo Zokungezwani Nomzimba: I-Montelukast ivamise ukuthathwa njalo ukuze kulawulwe futhi kuvinjwe izimpawu ze-asthma kanye nokungezwani komzimba. Ivamise ukubekwa njengengxenye yohlelo olubanzi lokwelapha isifuba somoya noma i-rhinitis yokungezwani komzimba. Ayisetshenziselwa ukukhululeka ngokushesha kokuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya acute; esikhundleni salokho, isetshenziselwa ukuvimbela izimpawu esikhathini eside.

Iyini imiphumela emibi ye-Montelukast?

Abantu abaningi abasebenzisa le mithi abayitholi imiphumela emibi, kodwa kungenzeka kube nemiphumela elandelayo:

• Ukuba ndikindiki kanye nokushoshozela kwezingalo nemilenze
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba noma izinhlungu
• Izimpawu ezinjenge-flu
• bekhanda
• Ukukhathazeka nokucasuka
• Imizwa yokucindezeleka, ukudideka, inkumbulo efiphele, nokunaka
• Ukundindizela nokunyakaza okungalawuleki
• Izinkinga zokulala
• Ukuziphatha okuphoqelekile

Lolu hlu alufaki yonke imiphumela emibi, futhi kungase kube neminye. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yikuphi kwalokhu okungenhla noma okunye, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Yiziphi izinyathelo zokuphepha okufanele zithathwe ngenkathi udla i-Montelukast?    

• Ngaphambi kokudla i-Montelukast, yazisa udokotela wakho nganoma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba kwangaphambilini, njengoba lo mkhiqizo ungase ubangele ukungezwani komzimba kokunye.
• Yisho ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha kudokotela wakho, okuhlanganisa izimo zesibindi, izimo zengqondo nezimo ezihlanganisa ukukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka njll.
• Yisho ukusetshenziswa kwalo muthi kudokotela wamazinyo ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi ukwelashwa kwamazinyo.
• Uma ukhona okhulelwe noma oncelisayo ke sicela wazise udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi.

Kuthiwani uma ngiphuthelwe umthamo we-Montelukast?

Ukweqiwa komthamo kungase kungabangeli nkinga; ungahlala uxhumane nodokotela wakho kunoma yikuphi. Uma umthamo weqiwe, yeqa lowo mthamo bese uye kumthamo olandelayo ojwayelekile. Ungaphindi umthamo ukuze wenze umthamo ogejiwe. Kunconywa ukuthi ungathathi ngaphezu komthamo obekiwe emahoreni angama-24.

Kuthiwani uma kune-overdose ye-Montelukast?

Ukweqisa ngokweqile kungaholela ezimpawini ezifana nokuhlanza, isisu esibuhlungu kakhulu, kwanda ukoma nokozela. Uma kwenzeka ukweqisa, shayela ngokushesha ukuze uthole isimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha kudokotela wakho. 

Yiziphi izimo zokugcina ze-Montelukast?

I-Montelukast kufanele igcinwe endaweni epholile, eyomile ngaphandle kokukhanya nokushisa. Gcina lo muthi kude nokungcoliswa komswakama, ikakhulukazi ungawugcini ezindlini zokugezela. Kufanele futhi uyigcine kude nezingane kanye nezilwane ezifuywayo.

Ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa kweMontelukast neminye Imithi

Ukuze ugweme noma yikuphi ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa, kubalulekile ukukhuluma ngesidakamizwa i-Montelukast esinqunywe udokotela. Okunye ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa okuvamile kuhlanganisa-


• Amiodarone
• I-Carbamazepine
• Fluconazole
• I-Imatinib
• I-Miconazole
• Phenytoin
• Phenobarbital
• Rifampin
• I-Valproic acid
• Zafirlukast

Lolu hlu lusho kuphela ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa okuvamile, hhayi uhlu lonke. Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha i-Montelukast ukuze uthole okunye ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa, futhi uthole enye incwadi kadokotela uma uthatha le mithi engenhla.

I-Montelukast ithatha isikhathi esingakanani ukusebenza?

I-Montelukast ifinyelela ekugxilweni okuphezulu cishe amahora angu-2-4 ngemva kokusetshenziswa. Kufanele iphuzwe okungenani amahora ama-2 ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi ukuvivinya umzimba uma kungokwesifuba somoya esibangelwa ukuvivinya umzimba.

Izixwayiso ze-Montelukast

• Imicabango Nokuziphatha Kokuzibulala: I-Montelukast ihlotshaniswe nezimo ezingavamile zemicabango yokuzibulala noma ukuziphatha. Iziguli kufanele ziqashwe ngeso lokhozi ukushintsha kwemizwa noma ukuziphatha, ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni kokwelashwa.
• Izehlakalo ze-Neuropsychiatric: Ezinye iziguli zingase zithole izenzakalo ze-neuropsychiatric ezifana nokuyaluza, ulaka, ukubona izinto ezingekho, ukucindezeleka, noma ukukhathazeka ngenkathi zithatha i-montelukast. Lezi zimpawu kufanele zibikwe ngokushesha kumhlinzeki wokunakekelwa kwezempilo.
• I-Churg-Strauss Syndrome: I-Montelukast kufanele isetshenziswe ngokuqapha ezigulini ezinomlando we-Churg-Strauss syndrome, isimo esingavamile esibangela ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi.
• Ukuqapha Ukusebenza Kwesibindi: Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi kufanele kwenziwe ngezikhathi ezithile, ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezinesifo sesibindi esivele sikhona.
• Ukungezwani nokungezwani nomzimba: Ukungezwani okubi ne-montelukast akuvamile kodwa kungenzeka. Thola usizo lwezempilo ngokushesha uma kuvela izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba (njengokuqubuka, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala, isiyezi esinzima, ukuphefumula kanzima).
• Ukusetshenziswa Ekukhulelweni Nasekunceliseni: I-Montelukast kufanele isetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuphela uma idingeka ngokucacile futhi ngaphansi kokuqondisa komhlinzeki wezempilo. Akwaziwa uma i-montelukast idlula obisini lwebele, ngakho-ke thintana nodokotela ngaphambi kokuncelisa ngenkathi uthatha le mithi.

Umthamo we-Montelukast

• Isifuba somoya (Abadala kanye Nentsha Eneminyaka eyi-15 nangaphezulu):
  • Ukuvimbela isifuba somoya kanye nokulawula isikhathi eside: Umthamo ojwayelekile ngu-10 mg kanye ngosuku kusihlwa.
  • Ukuze uthole i-bronchoconstriction ebangelwa ukuzivocavoca: Thatha umthamo owodwa we-10 mg okungenani amahora angu-2 ngaphambi kokuzivocavoca.
• Isifuba somoya (Izingane Ezineminyaka engu-6 kuya kwengu-14 ubudala):
  • Umthamo onconyelwe izingane ezine-asthma ngu-5 mg kanye ngosuku kusihlwa.
• I-Alergic Rhinitis (Abadala kanye Nezingane Ezineminyaka emi-2 nangaphezulu):
  • Umthamo ojwayelekile ngu-10 mg kanye ngosuku kusihlwa.
• Izingane ezinezinyanga eziyisi-6 kuye eminyakeni emi-2 ubudala:
  • I-Montelukast ngokuvamile ayinconyelwe izingane ezikuleli qembu lobudala ngaphandle uma kunqunywe udokotela ngokuqondile.

Montelukast vs Cetirizine

Kokubili i-Montelukast ne-cetirizine ingasiza ekudambiseni izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba. I-Montelukast isiza kakhulu ekwehliseni ubunzima bokuphefumula ngenxa yesifuba somoya, ukucinana kwesifuba, ukukhwehlela nokukhwehlela. I-Montelukast ingcono ngokuminyana kwamakhala uma iqhathaniswa ne-cetirizine. Kokubili i-Montelukast ne-cetirizine azikwazi ukusetshenziswa njengempumuzo ekuhlaselweni okunamandla.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Kufanele ithathwe kanjani iMontelukast?

I-Montelukast ivamise ukuthathwa kanye ngosuku kusihlwa noma njengoba kuyalelwa umhlinzeki wezempilo. Ingathathwa ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho noma ilebula emuthini ukuze uthole isiqondiso esinembe kakhulu.

2. Ingabe iMontelukast ikwenza wozele?

I-Montelukast akwaziwa ukuthi ibangela ukozela njengomphumela ohlangothini ovamile. Kodwa-ke, izimpendulo zomuntu ngamunye emithini zingahluka, ngakho-ke uma uhlangabezana nokozela ngenkathi uthatha i-Montelukast, thintana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

3. Kungani kufanele uphuze iMontelukast ebusuku?

I-Montelukast ivamise ukuthathwa kusihlwa noma ebusuku ngoba ingasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu ze-asthma kanye nokungezwani komzimba okuvame ukusebenza kakhulu ngalezi zikhathi. Lesi sikhathi sihambisana nesigqi semvelo somzimba futhi singanikeza ukulawula okungcono kwezimpawu.

4. Uyini umehluko phakathi kweMontelukast neCetirizine?

I-Montelukast ne-Cetirizine yizinhlobo ezahlukene zemithi. I-Montelukast iyi-leukotriene receptor antagonist esetshenziselwa ukuphatha isifuba somoya kanye nokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile, kuyilapho i-Cetirizine iyi-antihistamine esetshenziselwa ukukhulula ukungezwani komzimba. Basebenza ngezindlela ezahlukene emzimbeni ukuze banciphise izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.

5. Isebenza kanjani iMontelukast?

I-Montelukast isebenza ngokuvimbela ama-leukotrienes, okuyizinto ezisemzimbeni ezibangela isifuba somoya kanye nokungezwani nomzimba. Ngokuvimbela i-leukotrienes, isiza ekunciphiseni ukucinana kwendlela yomoya kanye nokuvuvukala, okwenza kube lula ukuphefumula nokukhulula izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.

6. Ingabe kulungile ukuthatha i-montelukast nsuku zonke?

Yebo, i-montelukast ivamise ukuthathwa nsuku zonke ngenxa yesifuba somoya noma izimo zokungezwani komzimba njengoba kunqunywe udokotela wakho. Kuyasiza ukulawula izimpawu nokuvimbela ukuqubuka uma isetshenziswa njalo.

7. Ingabe iMontelukast ingasetshenziselwa umkhuhlane?

Cha, i-montelukast ayisetshenziselwa ukwelapha imikhuhlane evamile. Isebenza ngokukhethekile ekuvuvukeni nasekuvinjweni kwendlela yokuphefumula okubangelwa ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile noma isifuba somoya, hhayi izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane njengomkhuhlane ovamile.

8. Kungani kufanele kuthathwe i-montelukast ebusuku?

I-Montelukast ivamise ukuthathwa kusihlwa ngoba ingasiza ekuvimbeleni izimpawu zesifuba somoya ezivame ukuba zimbi kakhulu ebusuku noma ekuseni kakhulu. Ukuyithatha ebusuku kuqinisekisa ukuthi iyasebenza uma udinga ukuvikeleka kubangeli besifuba somoya.

9. Ingabe iMontelukast ilungele amaphaphu?

I-Montelukast inenzuzo empilweni yamaphaphu ezimeni ezifana nesifuba somoya. Kuyasiza ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala, ukuphumuza imisipha yomoya, nokuvimbela ukukhululwa kwezinto ezibangela izinkinga zokuphefumula. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuyisebenzisa njengoba kunqunyiwe futhi ngokuhambisana namanye amasu okuphatha i-asthma.

10. Ubani okungafanele asebenzise iMontelukast?

I-Montelukast ingase ingafaneli wonke umuntu. Abantu abanokungezwani komzimba ne-montelukast noma izithako zayo kufanele bakugweme. Ukwengeza, abantu abanezimo ezithile zezokwelapha, njengezinkinga zesibindi noma umlando wezenzakalo ze-neuropsychiatric, kufanele basebenzise i-montelukast ngokuqapha noma ngaphansi kokugadwa kwezokwelapha. Njalo thintana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala i-montelukast ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi iphephile futhi ikufanele.

References:

https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-6478-8277/Montelukast-oral/Montelukast-oral/details https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a600014.html
https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00471

Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Ulwazi olunikezwe lapha alwenzelwe ukufaka iseluleko esivela kuchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ulwazi aluhloselwe ukumboza konke ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka, imiphumela engemihle, izinyathelo zokuphepha, nokusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa. Lolu lwazi aluhloselwe ukuphakamisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa umuthi othile kufanelekile, kuphephile, noma kuyasebenza wena noma omunye umuntu. Ukungabi bikho kwanoma yiluphi ulwazi noma isexwayiso mayelana nomuthi akufanele kuhunyushwe njengesiqinisekiso esicacile esivela enhlanganweni. Sikweluleka ngokuqinile ukuthi uthintane nodokotela uma kukhona okukukhathazayo ngomuthi futhi ungalokothi usebenzise umuthi ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.