I-Nifedipine

I-Nifedipine

I-Nifedipine, umuthi onamandla kodwa ojwayelekile, udlala indima ebalulekile ekwelapheni umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nezimo ezithile zenhliziyo. Lesi sivimbeli sesiteshi se-calcium sesiyitshe lesisekelo emithini yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, sikhulula iziguli ezihlushwa umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye ne-angina. Ikhono layo lokuphumuza imithambo yegazi liyenza ibe ithuluzi elibalulekile lokulawula isifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

Iyini i-Nifedipine?

I-Nifedipine iyisidakamizwa esinamandla eseqenjini lemithi- i-calcium channel blockers. Ngokuqondile, isizukulwane sokuqala se-dihydropyridine L-type calcium blocker, efana ne-nicardipine. Lesi sidakamizwa sidlala indima ebalulekile ekwelapheni izimo zenhliziyo, eziphakeme kakhulu ukushaya kwegazi kanye ne-angina (ubuhlungu besifuba).

Ukusetshenziswa kwethebhulethi ye-Nifedipine

Amaphilisi e-Nifedipine anomthelela omkhulu empilweni yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, asebenza njengemithi eguquguqukayo yezimo ezihlukahlukene. Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwe-nifedipine kuhlanganisa:

• Ukuphathwa Kwe-Hypertension: Ikhulula imithambo yegazi, yehlise umthwalo wokusebenza enhliziyweni futhi ithuthukise ukugeleza kwegazi kukonke. Lesi senzo sisiza ukuvimbela ukulimala okungaba khona ezithweni ezibalulekile njengobuchopho, imithambo yegazi, inhliziyo, nezinso, okungenzeka ngenxa yomfutho wegazi ophakeme ongalashwanga.
• Ukwelashwa kwe-Angina: Umuthi ukhulisa ukunikezwa kwegazi nomoya-mpilo enhliziyweni, wehlise ukuhlasela kwe-angina futhi uthuthukise ukubekezelelana kokuzivocavoca. I-Nifedipine isebenza njengendlela yokwelapha yomugqa wesibili ye-Vasospastic angina (ubuhlungu besifuba noma ubuhlungu lapho uphumule)

Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-Nifedipine Tablets

Lapho uthatha amaphilisi e-nifedipine, iziguli kufanele zilandele le mihlahlandlela:

• Geza amaphilisi akhululiwe ngokugcwele. Ungawaphuli, uwachoboze, noma uwahlafune, ngoba lokhu kungaba nomthelela endleleni umuthi okhishelwa ngayo emzimbeni.
• Thatha ukwakheka kokukhishwa okunwetshiwe esiswini esingenalutho ukuze umunce kahle.
• Uma kusetshenziswa amaphilisi akhishwa ngokushesha, iziguli zingawathatha ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla. Ukuthatha umuthi ngokudla kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukucasuka kwesisu.
• Landela umthamo onqunyiwe ngokucophelela. 
• Uma umthamo weqiwe, thatha ngokushesha njengoba ukhumbula. Kodwa-ke, uma cishe kuyisikhathi somthamo olandelayo ohleliwe, yeqe bese ubuyela ohlelweni oluvamile lomthamo. Ungasebenzisi imithamo ephindwe kabili.

Imiphumela emibi ye-Nifedipine Tablet

I-Nifedipine, njengayo yonke imithi, ingabangela imiphumela emibi.  

Imiphumela Emibi Evamile:

• Ukuphathwa yikhanda
• isiyezi
• Flushing
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo noma ukuzwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile
• Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze noma amaqakala (i-oedema)
• ukuqunjelwa

Imiphumela Engathandeki Engavamile Kodwa Ebi kakhulu:

• Ukuphuzi kwamehlo noma isikhumba (izimpawu zezinkinga zesibindi)
• Ubuhlungu besifuba obungapheli ngemva kwemizuzu embalwa
• Ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu (anaphylaxis)

Ukuqapha

Nakuba iphumelela ekwelapheni izimo ezihlukahlukene zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, i-nifedipine idinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusetshenziswa okuphephile, okufana nalokhu:

• I-Nifedipine ine-contraindications ngokuphelele ezimweni zokuzwela ngokweqile kwesidakamizwa noma izingxenye zayo kanye neziguli ezine-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. 
• Iphinde ivinjwe uma kuqhathaniswa ne-aorta stenosis enzima, i-angina engazinzile, i-hypotension, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, kanye nokukhubazeka okumaphakathi kuya kokuqina kwesibindi.
• Abantu abadala asebekhulile, ikakhulukazi labo abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu, kufanele baqaphele lapho besebenzisa amaphilisi e-nifedipine. 
• abesifazane abakhulelwe noma labo abahlela ukukhulelwa kufanele babonane nodokotela wabo mayelana nezinkinga nezinzuzo zokusebenzisa i-nifedipine. Okufanayo kusebenza komama abancelisa ibele, njengoba umuthi ungadlula ubisi lwebele.
• Iziguli ezihlinzwa, okuhlanganisa nezinqubo zamazinyo, kufanele zazise odokotela bazo mayelana nokusebenzisa kwazo i-nifedipine. 
• Amalungiselelo okukhishwa ngokushesha kwe-nifedipine kufanele agwenywe ezimweni eziphuthumayo ze-hypertensive kanye neziphuthumayo, njengoba engaphephile futhi engaphumeleli kulezi zimo. 

Isebenza kanjani ithebhulethi yeNifedipine

I-Nifedipine iyi-blocker ye-calcium channel. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko uwukuphumuza imithambo yegazi, kube nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Lo mphumela wokuphumuza uholela ekwehleni komfutho wegazi nokwanda kokunikezwa komoya-mpilo enhliziyweni.

Indlela yokusebenza ye-nifedipine ihilela ukuvimbela iziteshi ze-calcium ze-voltage-gated L-type calcium ku-vascular non-voluntary (imisipha ebushelelezi) namaseli e-myocardial. Ngesikhathi se-depolarisation yamaseli emisipha abushelelezi, ama-calcium ion ngokuvamile ageleza kumaseli ngale migudu. I-Nifedipine ivimbela lokhu kuthutheleka kwe-calcium ions, okuthinta ngokuqondile amangqamuzana emisipha.

Ngingakwazi Ukuthatha I-Nifedipine Ngeminye Imithi?

I-Nifedipine isebenzisana nemithi ehlukahlukene, njenge: 

• Imithi elwa namagciwane
• Izidakamizwa ze-Antiseizure
• Imithi ethile yesifo sikashukela
• Clarithromycin
• Digoxin
• I-Dolasetron
• I-Erythromycin
• I-Fluoxetine
• Imithi yesigqi senhliziyo esingavamile, njenge-flecainide ne-quinidine
• I-Rifabutin
• Rifampin 
• I-St. John's Wort
• Warfarin 

Ulwazi Lomthamo

Umthamo we-Nifedipine uyahlukahluka futhi uncike esimweni sokwelashwa nokwakhiwa okusetshenzisiwe. 

• Ngokwelashwa kwe-Hypertension:
  • Umthamo wokuqala usukela ku-30 ​​kuye ku-60 mg, othathwa ngomlomo kanye ngosuku. 
  • Umthamo wesondlo ngokuvamile uwela phakathi kwama-30 kuya ku-90 mg kanye ngosuku. 
• Nge-angina pectoris:
  • Umthamo wokuqala uvame ukuba ngu-10 mg, othathwa ngomlomo kathathu ngosuku. 
  • Umthamo wesondlo ungasukela ku-10 kuye ku-30 ​​mg, uthathwe kathathu kuya kane ngosuku. 

Isiphetho

I-Nifedipine inomthelela omkhulu ekulawuleni impilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, inikeza impumuzo kulabo abanenkinga yomfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye ubuhlungu besifuba. Ikhono layo lokuphumuza imithambo yegazi nokuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi kwenza kube ithuluzi elibalulekile ekwelapheni umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye ne-angina. Nokho, iziguli kufanele ziqaphele izinkinga zayo ezingase zibe khona kanye nokusebenzisana neminye imithi, okugqamisa ukubaluleka kokukhulumisana ngokukhululekile nodokotela.

FAQ sika

1. Isidakamizwa i-nifedipine sisetshenziselwa ini?

I-Nifedipine umuthi oguquguqukayo osetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme (umfutho wegazi ophakeme) nokulawula i-angina (ubuhlungu besifuba). 

2. Ingabe i-nifedipine iphephile ezinso?

I-Nifedipine ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengephephile ezinso. Kodwa-ke, kufanele isetshenziswe ngokuqapha ezigulini ezinokukhubazeka kwezinso. 

3. Yimuphi umphumela ovame kakhulu we-nifedipine?

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ye-nifedipine ihlobene nezakhiwo zayo ze-vasodilatory. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• bekhanda
• isiyezi
• Flushing
• Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze kanye namaqakala

4. Ubani ongakwazi ukuthatha i-nifedipine?

I-Nifedipine ine-contraindications eminingi, njenge:

I-Absolute Contraindications:

• Iziguli ezine-hypersensitivity ku-nifedipine noma izingxenye zayo
• Iziguli ezine-ST-elevation myocardial infarction

I-Contraindication ehlobene:

• Iziguli ezine-aortic stenosis enzima
• Labo abane-angina engazinzile
• Abantu abane-hypotension
• Iziguli ezinokwehluleka kwenhliziyo
• Labo abanokukhubazeka kwesibindi okumaphakathi kuya kokunzima

5. Ingabe i-nifedipine ingcono kune-amlodipine?

Kokubili i-nifedipine ne-amlodipine izivimbeli zesiteshi se-calcium ezisetshenziselwa ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye ne-angina. Nokho, banokuhluka okuthile:

• Ubude besikhathi sokusebenza: I-Amlodipine iyisizukulwane sesithathu se-dihydropyridine enesikhathi eside sokusebenza kune-nifedipine.
• Imvamisa yomthamo: I-Amlodipine ivamise ukuthathwa kanye ngosuku, kanti i-nifedipine ingase idinge imithamo eminingi yansuku zonke, kuye ngokuthi yakhiwe kanjani.
• Iphrofayili yemiphumela engemihle: Nakuba yomibili imithi ingabangela imiphumela emibi efanayo, ukuqina kanye nemvamisa kungase kwehluke. Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-nifedipine ne-amlodipine kuncike ezicini zesiguli ngasinye, okuhlanganisa isimo saso esithile, eminye imithi eqhubekayo, kanye nokusabela kwaso ekwelashweni. 

6. Kungani i-nifedipine ithathwa ebusuku?

I-Nifedipine ivame ukuthathwa ebusuku ngenxa yezizathu eziningana:

• Ukulawula umfutho wegazi: I-Nifedipine ingabangela i-vasodilation ebalulekile kanye nokwehla komfutho wegazi, okubekezelelwa kangcono ngesikhathi sokulala.
• Isigqi se-Circadian: Umfutho wegazi ukhuphuka ngokwemvelo ekuseni. Ukuthatha i-nifedipine ebusuku kusiza ukulawula lokhu kuhlinzwa kwasekuseni, okuyisibikezelo esizimele se-stroke.
• Ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe: Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukudotshwa ngaphambi kokulala kwe-nifedipine GITS (Isistimu Yokwelapha Yesisu) kusebenza kahle kakhulu kunomthamo wasekuseni ekwehliseni umfutho wegazi wasebusuku.
• Imiphumela engemihle eyehlisiwe: Olunye ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi izehlakalo zemiphumela yesibili elindelekile, njenge-peripheral edema, zingase zehliswe ngomthamo wakusihlwa uma kuqhathaniswa nomthamo wasekuseni.
• Ukulawulwa okungcono komfutho wegazi: Ngemva kwamasonto ayisishiyagalombili okwelashwa, inani leziguli ezilawulwayo (ngokwe-Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring criteria) lalilikhulu kakhulu ngokwelashwa ngaphambi kokulala uma kuqhathaniswa nokwelashwa kwasekuseni.

7. Ungamisa nini i-nifedipine?

Iziguli akufanele ziyeke ukuthatha i-nifedipine ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wazo. Ukumisa kungazelelwe i-nifedipine kungabangela umfutho wegazi ukuthi ukhuphuke, okungase kwandise ingozi isifo senhliziyo futhi unhlangothi.

8. Ngingakwazi yini ukuthatha i-nifedipine nsuku zonke?

Yebo, i-nifedipine inqunyelwe ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke. Eqinisweni, ezigulini eziningi, i-nifedipine iyindlela yokwelapha yesikhathi eside engase iqhutshwe iminyaka noma ngisho nokuphila. 

Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Ulwazi olunikezwe lapha alwenzelwe ukufaka iseluleko esivela kuchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ulwazi aluhloselwe ukumboza konke ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka, imiphumela engemihle, izinyathelo zokuphepha, nokusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa. Lolu lwazi aluhloselwe ukuphakamisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa umuthi othile kufanelekile, kuphephile, noma kuyasebenza wena noma omunye umuntu. Ukungabi bikho kwanoma yiluphi ulwazi noma isexwayiso mayelana nomuthi akufanele kuhunyushwe njengesiqinisekiso esicacile esivela enhlanganweni. Sikweluleka ngokuqinile ukuthi uthintane nodokotela uma kukhona okukukhathazayo ngomuthi futhi ungalokothi usebenzise umuthi ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.