I-Nystatin

I-Nystatin

I-Nystatin umuthi onamandla we-antifungal oguqule umdlalo ekwelapheni izifo ezahlukahlukene zefungal. Amaphilisi e-Nystatin asetshenziswa kabanzi ukulwa nokukhula kwemvubelo emzimbeni, ekhulula abaningi abahlushwa izimpawu ezingakhululekile. Njengenketho yokwelashwa ethenjwayo, i-nystatin ithole ukuduma ngokusebenza kwayo ekubhekaneni nezinkinga eziqhubekayo zesikhunta. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukuthi i-nystatin isetshenziselwa ini nokuthi isebenza kanjani ukulwa izifo zokukhunta. Sizophinde sihlole umthamo wethebhulethi ye-nystatin, ukusetshenziswa okuvamile, nemiphumela engemihle. 

Iyini i-Nystatin?

I-Nystatin umuthi onamandla we-antifungal onomphumela obanzi ngokumelene nemvubelo ehlukahlukene kanye nesikhunta, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ze-Candida. Ingowomndeni we-polyene macrolide antibiotic futhi ihlanganiswa uhlobo lwamabhaktheriya okuthiwa i-Streptomyces noursei. Lo muthi ophawulekayo usuthole ukuqashelwa ngokusebenza kwawo ekwelapheni izifo zefungal eziphuma esikhunjeni, ezithinta amafinyila kanye nakuma-gastrointestinal.

Esinye sezici ezibucayi ze-nystatin ukumuncwa kwayo okulinganiselwe lapho ithathwa ngomlomo noma isetshenziswa phezulu. Lesi sici sikwenza kube kuhle ekwelapheni izifo zefungal ngaphandle kokudala imiphumela yesistimu. I-Nystatin itholakala ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi, ukumiswa ngomlomo, okhilimu, namafutha okugcoba, okuvumela ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe kwezifo ezikhunta.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Nystatin

Amaphilisi eNystatin anohlu lwezinhlelo zokusebenza ekwelapheni izifo zokukhunta, ikakhulukazi lezo ezibangelwa yizinhlobo ze-Candida. Lo muthi we-antifungal usiza ukwelapha: 

• Ukungenwa izifo emathunjini, okuhlanganisa isisu namathumbu
• I-candidiasis yamathumbu
• I-thrush yomlomo
• I-anal candidiasis
• Kwezinye izimo, odokotela bangase batuse amaphilisi e-nystatin ukuvimbela i-candidiasis ehlasela izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ezinesisindo esiphansi. 

Nakuba amaphilisi e-nystatin esebenza kahle ezifweni eziningi zesikhunta, awafaneleki ukwelapha izifo zesistimu noma lezo ezithinta ukuhamba kwegazi. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kungase kudingeke eminye imithi ye-antifungal.

Ungayisebenzisa kanjani ithebhulethi yeNystatin

• Amaphilisi eNystatin athathwa ngomlomo ukwelapha izifo ezikhunta esiswini namathumbu. Kuyadingeka ukulandela izikhombisi-ndlela ezikulebula yakho kadokotela ngokuphelele futhi ucele udokotela wakho ukuthi akuchazele uma udinga usizo lokuqonda.
• Ukuze uthole inzuzo enkulu kumaphilisi e-nystatin, wasebenzise njalo ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-nystatin ngokuqondile njengoba kuyalelwe, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa okuningi noma okuncane kwayo noma ukuyiphuza kaningi kunalokho oyaliwe.
• Thatha imithi ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla, njengoba uqondiswa udokotela wakho, futhi ugwinye amaphilisi ngengilazi yamanzi. 
• Ubude besikhathi sokwelashwa bungahluka futhi buncike esimweni sakho sezempilo kanye nempendulo yemithi. Kungase kuthathe izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuya ezinyangeni ukuqeda isifundo. 
• Ngisho noma uzizwa ungcono ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, qhubeka uphuza amaphilisi e-nystatin uze uqede isamba senani elinqunyiwe. Ukumisa imithi kusenesikhathi kungase kuvumele ukutheleleka ukuthi kuqhubeke noma kubuye.
• Khumbula ukuthi amaphilisi e-nystatin ahlukile kwezinye izinhlobo zemithi, njengama-lozenges noma ukulengiswa ngomlomo. 

Ukulandela ngokucophelela le miyalo kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kakhulu kokutheleleka kwefungal.

I-Nystatin Side Effects

Amaphilisi e-Nystatin angabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba kungeyena wonke umuntu ohlangabezana nayo. 

Imiphumela emibi evamile yamaphilisi e-nystatin ihlanganisa: 

• Isihlungu esiswini 
• I-nausea
• Ukuvota
• Uhudo
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni
• Ukuluma emlonyeni

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuba mnene futhi zivame ukuzixazulula ngokwazo.

Akuvamile, imiphumela emibi kakhulu ingase ibe khona, kuhlanganise: 

• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
• Ukuphelelwa umoya
• Ubuhlungu besisu
• Isiyezi esinzima
• Ukusabela okweqile kwe-allergic ngendlela yokuqubuka, ukulunywa noma ukuvuvukala (ubuso, ulimi, noma umphimbo) noma ukuphefumula kanzima

Ukuqapha

• Ukungezwani komzimba: Ngaphambi kokuthatha amaphilisi e-nystatin, kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela wakho nganoma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba okungenzeka ube nakho. Lo muthi unezithako ezingasebenzi ezingase zibangele ukungezwani komzimba noma ezinye izinkinga. 
• Izimo Zezokwelapha: Uma unomlando we-HIV/AIDS, isifo sikashukela, noma izinkinga zezinso, qiniseka ukuthi uxoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho.
• Diabetes: Amaphilisi eNystatin anoshukela, ngakho-ke abantu abanesifo sikashukela kufanele baqaphele. 
• Isisetshenziswa Somlomo: Kulabo abagqoka amazinyo okufakelwa, ukuhlanzwa ngendlela efanele kanye nokunakekelwa kwemishini yakho yamazinyo kubalulekile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa nge-nystatin.
• Ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa: Ngaphambi kokuba wenze noma yiziphi izinqubo zokuhlinzwa, kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho noma udokotela wamazinyo ngayo yonke imikhiqizo oyisebenzisayo, okuhlanganisa nemithi kadokotela, imithi ethengiswa ezitolo, amavithamini, nezithako zemithi. Eminye imithi ingase ihlanganyele ne-nystatin, okungaba nomthelela ekusebenzeni kwayo noma kubangele imiphumela emibi engadingeki.
• Ukukhulelwa: abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele isebenzise amaphilisi e-nystatin kuphela uma kunesidingo. Xoxa ngezingozi nezinzuzo nodokotela wakho. 

Isebenza kanjani ithebhulethi yeNystatin

Amaphilisi e-Nystatin umuthi onamandla we-antifungal, oqondise ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ze-Candida nezinye isikhunta. Njengesibulala-magciwane se-polyene macrolide, i-nystatin isebenza ngokubopha i-ergosterol kulwelwesi lwamaseli okukhunta, iphazamise ukungena kwawo futhi ibangele ukuvuza okuphakathi kwamaseli abalulekile. Le nqubo ikhetha isikhunta, njengoba amangqamuzana ezilwane ezincelisayo aqukethe i-cholesterol esikhundleni se-ergosterol, okwenza i-nystatin ingabi yingozi kumaseli womuntu. Kuyi-fungistatic kokubili ngemithamo ephansi (evimbela ukukhula) futhi ibulala isikhunta ngemithamo ephezulu (okubangela ukufa kwamangqamuzana), inikeza umsebenzi omningi ngokumelene nemvubelo ehlukahlukene kanye nesikhunta.

Ngingathatha I-Nystatin Ngeminye Imithi?

Amaphilisi e-Nystatin ngokuvamile anokuxhumana okuncane neminye imithi. 

Lapho uthatha amaphilisi e-nystatin, ngokuvamile kuphephile ukusebenzisa eminye imithi evamile, njengamaphilisi ezinhlungu. Nokho, ezinye izinyathelo zokuphepha ziyadingeka. Isibonelo, uma usebenzisa ukhilimu we-nystatin noma amafutha okugcoba aqukethe izithako ezengeziwe, thintana nosokhemisi noma udokotela wakho ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi lezi zingxenye ziphephile kweminye imithi yakho.

Kwesinye isikhathi, i-nystatin ingathinta ukuphuma kwezidakamizwa ezithile noma ukugcwala kwe-serum. Isibonelo, kunganciphisa ukuchithwa kwemithi efana ne-ambrisentan, i-asunaprevir, ne-atorvastatin. Kungase futhi kukhulise ukugcwala kwe-serum yezidakamizwa ezifana ne-atogepant.

Ukuze uqinisekise ukuphepha kwakho, hlala ugcine uhlu lwayo yonke imithi yakho futhi wabelane ngayo nodokotela bakho. 

Ulwazi Lomthamo

Umthamo wamaphilisi e-nystatin uyahlukahluka futhi uncike esimweni esithile kanye neminyaka yesiguli. 

Umthamo ojwayelekile wabantu abadala kanye nezingane ezingaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala abane-candidiasis yamathumbu ungamayunithi angama-500,000 kuye kwayi-1,000,000 athathwa ngomlomo kathathu ngosuku. Lokhu kungafezwa ngokuthatha iphilisi elilodwa kuya kwamabili, ngalinye liqukethe amayunithi angama-500,000 e-nystatin.

Nge-thrush yomlomo kubantu abadala nasezinganeni ezineminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu ubudala, umthamo onconywayo uvamise ukuba amayunithi angama-400,000 kuye kwangama-600,000 wokumiswa ngomlomo izikhathi ezine ngosuku. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi amaphilisi awasetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwe-oral thrush.

Nge-thrush yomlomo ezinganeni ezineminyaka eyinyanga eyodwa kuya kweziyi-12, umthamo onconywayo ungamayunithi angama-200,000 okumiswa ngomlomo izikhathi ezine ngosuku. Izingane ezineminyaka engu-1 kuya kwemi-5 zingadinga umthamo ofana nowabantu abadala ukuze zelashwe i-oral thrush.

Isikhathi sokwelashwa ngamaphilisi e-nystatin ngokuvamile siqhubeka okungenani amahora angu-48 ngemva kokunyamalala kwezimpawu futhi amasiko angabonisi zimpawu ze-Candida. 

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Yini okufanele uyigweme lapho uthatha i-nystatin?

Lapho uthatha i-nystatin, kubalulekile ukugwema izinto ezithile. Ungahlanganisi uketshezi lwe-nystatin nokudla noma amanzi, okunganciphisa ukusebenza kwalo. Gwema ukuphuza utshwala noma ukudla okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngemuva kokumiswa kwe-nystatin. Uma ugqoka amazinyo okufakelwa, qiniseka ukuthi uwahlanza ngendlela efanele ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

2. Ingabe i-nystatin iphephile?

I-Nystatin ngokuvamile iphephile uma isetshenziswa njengoba kuyalelwe. Ukumuncwa kwayo okuhleliwe kuyenza ifanelekele ukwelapha izifo ezikhungethwe endaweni. Nokho, njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, kungabangela imiphumela engemihle kwabanye abantu. Hlala ulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho futhi ubike noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingajwayelekile.

3. Yini isidakamizwa se-nystatin esivame ukusetshenziselwa?

I-Nystatin ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo zefungal, ikakhulukazi lezo ezibangelwa yizinhlobo ze-Candida. Kuyasiza ekwelapheni i-oral thrush, candidiasis yamathumbu, kanye ne-anal candidiasis. Amaphilisi e-Nystatin ayasebenza ekwelapheni izifo ezikhunta esiswini nasemathunjini, kuyilapho ifomu lokumiswa lisetshenziselwa i-oral thrush.

4. Ubani ongakwazi ukuthatha i-nystatin?

Abantu abane-hypersensitivity eyaziwayo ku-nystatin akufanele bayithathe. Amanye amalungiselelo okumiswa ngomlomo we-nystatin aqukethe ushukela, okuwenza angafaneleki kubantu abanokungabekezelelani kwe-disaccharide. Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa kwe-nystatin, hlala wazisa udokotela wakho nganoma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba noma izimo zezokwelapha.

5. Uyithatha nini i-nystatin?

I-Nystatin kufanele ithathwe njengoba kunqunywe udokotela wakho. Nge-thrush yomlomo, odokotela ngokuvamile batusa ukuthatha izikhathi ezine ngosuku ngemva kokudla. Nge-candidiasis yamathumbu, amaphilisi e-nystatin avame ukuthathwa kathathu ngosuku. Kubalulekile ukuqeda yonke inkambo yokwelashwa, ngisho noma izimpawu ziba ngcono ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

6. Ingabe i-nystatin iphephile ukusetshenziswa nsuku zonke?

I-Nystatin ingathathwa ngokuphepha nsuku zonke njengoba kunqunywe udokotela wakho. Ubude besikhathi sokwelashwa bungahluka kuye ngesimo. Nge-thrush yomlomo, ukwelashwa ngokuvamile kuthatha cishe isonto, nezinsuku ezimbili ezengeziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqedwa okuphelele kwesikhunta.

7. Isetshenziswa isikhathi esingakanani i-nystatin?

Ubude besikhathi sokwelashwa kwe-nystatin buncike esimweni esithile kanye nempendulo yakho emuthini. I-Nystatin isetshenziswa isikhathi esingangesonto kanye nezinsuku ezimbili ezengeziwe ku-oral thrush. Nge-candidiasis yamathumbu, ukwelashwa kungase kuhlale isikhathi eside. Ngaso sonke isikhathi landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho mayelana nesikhathi sokusetshenziswa.