I-Oxybutynin

I-Oxybutynin

I-Oxybutynin, umuthi osetshenziswa kabanzi, unikeza impumuzo kubantu abaningi abadonsa kanzima ukuphuthuma komchamo kanye nemvamisa. Lo muthi usuthole ukuduma ngenxa yokuphumelela kwawo ekwelapheni izifo ezihlukahlukene zomchamo, okuwenza ube yinketho kadokotela.

Kulo mhlahlandlela obanzi, sizohlola ukusetshenziswa kwe-oxybutynin, okuhlanganisa umthamo kanye nendlela esebenza ngayo ukudambisa izinkinga ezihlobene nesinye. Sizophinde sibheke indlela efanele yokuthatha lo muthi, imiphumela engemihle engaba khona okufanele uyiqaphele, kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha ezidingekayo okufanele uzikhumbule. 

Iyini i-Oxybutynin?

I-Oxybutynin iwumuthi we-antimuscarinic odokotela abawunikeza ukwelapha esinyeni esisebenza ngokweqile (OAB) kubantu abadala nasezinganeni. Lesi sifo sibangela ukuthi izicubu zesinye zifinyelene ngendlela engalawuleki, okuholela ekuchameni njalo, isidingo esiphuthumayo sokuchama, nokungakwazi ukulawula ukuchama. I-Oxybutynin iphumuza imisipha yesinye, inikeze ukukhululeka kulezi zimpawu.

Lo muthi utholakala kuphela ngencwadi kadokotela futhi uza ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi akhishwa ngokushesha kanye namaphilisi akhululiwe, ijeli ye-topical, isiraphu, nama-transdermal patches. Lawa mafomu ahlukene ahlinzeka ngezinketho ezigulini ukuze zithole ukwelashwa okufanele nokuphumelela kakhulu kwezimpawu zazo ezisebenza ngokweqile kwesinye.

Ukusetshenziswa kwethebhulethi ye-Oxybutynin

I-Oxybutynin ingeyeqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi i-antispasmodics noma i-anticholinergic/antimuscarinics, enokusetshenziswa okulandelayo:

• Odokotela bavame ukusebenzisa i-oxybutynin njengendlela yokwelapha yomugqa wokuqala Isinye esisebenza ngokweqile (OAB)
• Umuthi uphumuza imisipha yesinye, unciphise ukugogeka kwemisipha. 
• Odokotela banikeza i-oxybutynin kubantu abadala nasezinganeni ezineminyaka eyisithupha nangaphezulu nge-OAB ebangelwa ukuphazamiseka okuthile kwemizwa, njenge-spina bifida.
• Kwesinye isikhathi, odokotela bayisebenzisa ngaphandle kwelebula ukuze bakhulule ama-spasms esinyeni ahlobene nama-stents we-ureter noma ama-catheter womchamo.

Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-Oxybutynin Tablet

• Odokotela banikeza amaphilisi e-oxybutynin ukwelapha izinkinga zesinye. Iziguli kufanele zithathe lo muthi ngendlela eqondisiwe ngayo. Akumele bayisebenzise kakhulu, bayisebenzise kaningi, noma bayisebenzise isikhathi eside kunesinqunyiwe. 
• Ngokuvamile, abantu bathatha i-oxybutynin ngamanzi esiswini esingenalutho. Nokho, odokotela bangase baluleke ngokudla noma ngobisi ukuze banciphise ukucasuka kwesisu.
• Iziguli kufanele zigwinye amaphilisi azokhishwa isikhathi eside egcwele ngamanzi noma ngolunye uketshezi. Akumele bawaphule, bawachoboze noma bawahlafune lawa maphilisi. 
• Kubalulekile ukuphuza umuthi ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke. Ngenkathi usebenzisa amaphilisi akhishwa isikhathi eside, ingxenye yethebhulethi ingase idlulele esitulweni, okuyinto evamile futhi engesona isizathu sokukhathazeka.

Imiphumela Emibi Yethebhulethi ye-Oxybutynin

I-Oxybutynin ingabangela imiphumela emibi ehlukahlukene evamile, njenge: 

• Umlomo omile
• isiyezi
• ukuqunjelwa
• Ukulala
• I-nausea
• Ukoma kwamehlo, ikhala, noma umphimbo
• Iziguli zingase futhi zibe ne-asidi esiswini kanye nokuncipha kokujuluka.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ifaka phakathi: 

• Umbono ophundlekile
• bekhanda
• Kunzima ukugwinya
• Ubuhlungu bamehlo 
• Ukukhwabanisa isikhumba

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu, nakuba ingavamile, ingenzeka, kuhlanganise: 

• Ukushintsha kwengqondo/imizwelo (ukukhathazeka, ukudideka, noma ukubona izinto ezingekho)
• Izinkinga zembono
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka kwezinso 
• Umuthi ungadala i-angioedema, ukungezwani okungaba yingozi empilweni.

Iziguli kufanele zazise udokotela ngokushesha uma kukhona imiphumela emibi iphikelela noma iba yimbi.

Ukuqapha

Iziguli ezithatha i-oxybutynin kufanele ziqaphele, njengokuthi: 

• Gwema Utshwala noma Izidakamizwa ze-CNS: Ungaphuzi utshwala noma uphuze izidakamizwa ze-CNS, njengoba i-oxybutynin ixhumana nazo, ikhulise ukozela. 
• Izibuko zelanga: I-Oxybutynin inyusa ukuzwela kokukhanya, ngakho-ke ukugqoka izibuko zelanga kuyancomeka. 
• Ukushayela: Umuthi ungaphazamisa ukuqapha, uthinte imisebenzi efana nokushayela. 
• Ezinye Izimo Zezokwelapha: Abantu abanomchamo obambekayo, izimo ezinzima zokuhamba kwesisu, noma i-engeli encane engalawuleki. i-glaucoma kufanele babonane nodokotela wabo. 
• Ukuphikisana: I-Oxybutynin nayo ayinconywa kulabo abanesifo senhliziyo, ukuwohloka komqondo, isifo sesibindi noma sezinso, i-prostate ekhulisiwe, i-myasthenia gravis, ukuphazamiseka kwamathumbu okuvuvukala, noma i-GERD.
• Izinkinga zamazinyo: Umlomo owomile ophikelelayo ungase unyuse ingozi yezinkinga zamazinyo. Abantu kufanele babonane nodokotela wabo ngalokhu.
• Abadala: Abantu abadala asebekhulile kufanele ngokuvamile bagweme amaphilisi e-oxybutynin noma isiraphu njengoba bengase bangaphephile noma baphumelele njengeminye imithi yesimo esifanayo.

Isebenza kanjani ithebhulethi ye-Oxybutynin

I-Oxybutynin ingeyeqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi i-anticholinergics noma i-antimuscarinics. Isebenza njenge-antispasmodic, eqondisa ngokucacile imisipha ebushelelezi yesinye. Isidakamizwa sisebenza ngokuncintisana ngokuvimbela ama-postganglionic muscarinic receptors, ukuvimbela umphumela we-acetylcholine. Lesi senzo siholela ekuphumuleni kwemisipha yesinye, ukunciphisa isifiso sokuchama kungazelelwe kanye nokunciphisa imvamisa yokuchama.

I-metabolite esebenzayo ye-oxybutynin, i-N-desethyloxybutynin, idlala indima ebalulekile endleleni yayo. Ivimbela izinhlobo ze-muscarinic receptor 1, 2, kanye no-3, futhi ithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle komuthi. Ngenxa yalokho, i-oxybutynin yandisa umthamo wesinye futhi ibambezela isifiso sokuqala sokuqeda.

Ngingathatha I-Oxybutynin Ngeminye Imithi?

I-Oxybutynin isebenzisana nemithi eminingi, ngakho-ke ukwazisa abahlinzeki bezempilo ngayo yonke imithi yamanje kubalulekile. 

Imithi ethile engase ihlanganyele ne-oxybutynin ihlanganisa:

• Utshwala
• Ama-antibiotics afana ne-clarithromycin ne-erythromycin
• Imithi ye-antifungal efana ne-fluconazole ne-ketoconazole
• Ama-Antihistamine, njenge-cetrizine ne-diphenhydramine
• aspirin
• I-Atorvastatin
• I-Duloxetine
• Izidakamizwa zesifo sikaParkinson
• Imithi yokulala nokukhathazeka
• Izinhlungu ze-opioid nezinciphisa ukukhwehlela
• Ama-bisphosphonates omlomo 
• Levothyroxine

Ulwazi Lomthamo

Odokotela banikeza imithamo ehlukene ye-oxybutynin ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zesiguli ngasinye. Umthamo uyahlukahluka ezigulini ezahlukene. 

Kumaphilisi akhishwa isikhathi eside, abantu abadala ngokuvamile baqala nge-oxybutynin 5 mg noma 10 mg kanye ngosuku, nenani eliphakeme lika-30 mg ngosuku. Izingane ezineminyaka engu-6 nangaphezulu ngokuvamile ziqala ngo-5 mg kanye ngosuku, zingadluli ku-20 mg nsuku zonke. 

Kumaphilisi noma isiraphu ekhishwa ngokushesha, abantu abadala kanye nezingane ezineminyaka engu-12 nangaphezulu bathatha ama-5 mg kabili kuya kathathu ngosuku. Izingane ezineminyaka engu-5 kuya ku-12 ubudala thatha 5 mg izikhathi ezimbili kuya kathathu ngosuku, kanye nobukhulu 15 mg nsuku zonke. 

Odokotela bangalungisa imithamo njengoba kudingeka. Amandla omuthi, imvamisa, kanye nobude besikhathi kuncike esimweni esithile sezokwelapha esilashwayo.

FAQ sika

1. Isidakamizwa i-oxybutynin sisetshenziselwa ini?

Odokotela banikeza i-oxybutynin ukwelapha izimpawu zesinye esisebenza ngokweqile (OAB). Kuyasiza ukulawula ukuchama njalo, isidingo esiphuthumayo sokuchama, nokungakwazi ukulawula ukuchama. Umuthi uphumuza izicubu zesinye, ukhuphule amandla okubamba umchamo futhi unciphise ukufinyela. Futhi yelapha izingane ezinesinye esisebenza ngokweqile okubangelwa i-spina bifida noma ezinye izimo zesistimu yezinzwa ezithinta izicubu zesinye.

2. Ubani okungafanele asebenzise i-oxybutynin?

I-Oxybutynin ayibafanele abantu abagcina umchamo, izimo ezinzima ze-gastrointestinal motility, noma i-glaucoma ye-angle-angle engalawuleki. Futhi akunconyelwe kulabo abanesifo senhliziyo, ukuwohloka komqondo, isibindi noma isifo sezinso, i-prostate ekhulisiwe, i-myasthenia gravis, ukuphazamiseka kwamathumbu okuvuvukala, noma i-GERD.

3. Kungani uthatha i-oxybutynin ngesikhathi sokulala?

Ukuthatha i-oxybutynin ngesikhathi sokulala kungasiza ukulawula ukungakwazi ukuzithiba komchamo ebusuku. Kulabo abathola kokubili ukumanzisa emini nasebusuku, kunconywa umthamo we-5 kuya ku-10 mg ngesikhathi sokulala. Lesi sikhathi sivumela umuthi ukuthi usebenze ngokuphumelelayo ngesikhathi sokulala, unciphisa imvamisa yokuchama ebusuku kanye nokuphuthuma.

4. Ingabe i-oxybutynin ithinta izinso?

I-Oxybutynin ayithinti ngqo izinso. Nokho, kungabangela ukugcinwa komchamo kwezinye izimo. Abantu abane isifo sezinso kufanele isebenzise i-oxybutynin ngokuqapha nangaphansi kokuqondisa kwezokwelapha okuseduze. Isibindi ngokuyinhloko sigaya umuthi, kodwa ukusebenza kwezinso kungase kuthonye ukuphuma kwaso emzimbeni.

5. Idingeka nini i-oxybutynin?

I-oxybutynin iyadingeka lapho izimpawu zesinye ukusebenza ngokweqile zithinta kakhulu izinga lempilo. Ibuye isetshenziswe lapho izinkinga zokulawula esinyeni zisuka ezimeni zemizwa njenge-spina bifida. Odokotela bangase banikeze i-oxybutynin lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzi.

6. Ungakwazi yini ukuyeka i-oxybutynin ngokuzumayo?

Akunconywa ukuyeka i-oxybutynin ngokuzumayo. Ukuyekisa ukuqhubeka ngokushesha kungase kubangele ukubuya ngokushesha kwezimpawu zesinye esisebenza ngokweqile. Kufanele njalo uthintane nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokushintsha noma ukumisa umthamo we-oxybutynin. 

7. Yimuphi umphumela ovamile ongaseceleni we-oxybutynin?

Umlomo owomile umphumela ovame kakhulu we-oxybutynin, othinta kufika ku-71.4% weziguli ezisebenzisa ifomu lokukhishwa ngokushesha. Eminye imiphumela emibi evamile ihlanganisa isiyezi, ukuqunjelwa, ukozela, nesicanucanu. Abanye abantu bangase babe nokungaboni kahle, ikhanda elibuhlungu, nobunzima bokugwinya. Le miphumela engemihle ivame ukuncipha njengoba umzimba ujwayela umuthi.

8. Ngingakwazi ukuthatha i-oxybutynin ebusuku?

Yebo, ungathatha i-oxybutynin ebusuku. Eqinisweni, kulabo abanenkinga yokungakwazi ukuchama ebusuku, ukuphuza imithi ngaphambi kokulala kungasebenza ngokukhethekile. Ifomu lokukhishwa okunwetshiwe livame ukunqunywa ukudoswa kanye ngosuku, okungathathwa ebusuku. Nokho, hlala ulandela iziqondiso eziqondile zikadokotela wakho mayelana nesikhathi nomthamo.