I-Piperacillin ne-Tazobactam

I-Piperacillin ne-Tazobactam

Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane kusesinye sezizathu ezivame kakhulu zokuvakashelwa ezibhedlela emhlabeni jikelele. Nakuba ama-antibiotic amaningi elahlekelwa ukusebenza kwawo ngenxa yokungazweli amagciwane, inhlanganisela ethile ibonisa amandla amakhulu ekulweni nezifo ezimbi kakhulu.

Umuthi we-Piperacillin tazobactam umele inhlanganisela enamandla kangaka odokotela abayitusa ukwelapha izifo ezihlukahlukene zamagciwane. Lo mhlahlandlela obanzi uchaza konke iziguli okudingeka zikwazi mayelana ne-piperacillin ne-tazobactam, okuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo, ukuphathwa ngendlela efanele, imiphumela emibi engase ibe khona, kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha ezidingekayo okufanele zicatshangelwe ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Iyini i-Piperacillin ne-Tazobactam?

Inhlanganisela ye-Piperacillin ne-tazobactam iyinhlanganisela enamandla ehlanganisa izinhlobo ezimbili zemithi ukulwa nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Le nhlanganisela iqukethe izingxenye ezimbili ezibalulekile ezisebenza ndawonye:

• I-Piperacillin: Imithi elwa namagciwane ye-penicillin ebanzi ebulala amagciwane ngokwenza buthaka izindonga zamangqamuzana awo
• I-Tazobactam: I-beta-lactamase inhibitor evikela i-piperacillin ekubhujisweni amagciwane ayingozi

Okwenza le nhlanganisela ikhetheke ukuthi i-tazobactam inweba kanjani ukusebenza kwe-piperacillin. Ngokuvimbela amabhaktheriya ekuthuthukiseni ukumelana, i-tazobactam isiza i-piperacillin ukuthi isebenze ngokumelene nohlu olubanzi lwezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.

Ukusetshenziswa kwePiperacillin Tazobactum

Okulandelayo ezinye izinkomba ezijwayelekile ze-piperacillin-tazobactam:

• Izifo Zokuphefumula: Isiza ukulwa nakho kokubili okutholwa esibhedlela kanye nokutholwa umphakathi inyumoniya
• Izinkinga Zesikhumba: Welapha izifo zesikhumba ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa i-cellulitis kanye nezifo ezithinta unyawo lwesifo sikashukela
• Izinkinga Zesisu: Ilawula i-appendicitis eyinkimbinkimbi nezinye izifo ezihlobene nesisu
• Impilo Yabesifazane: Isebenza ngempumelelo ekutheleleni kwangemva kokubeletha futhi i-pelvic isifo sokuvuvukala

Isetshenziswa kanjani i-Piperacillin Tazobactum Tablet

Amaphuzu Okuphatha Abalulekile:

• Udokotela unikeza lo muthi ngenaliti efakwe emithanjeni, futhi umjovo kufanele unikezwe kancane kancane okungenani imizuzu engama-30.
• Udokotela oqeqeshiwe uzonikeza umthamo wokuqala, futhi umuthi udinga ukunikezwa njalo emahoreni ayi-6 njengoba eyalelwe udokotela.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo okuvamile kusiza ukuqapha ukusebenza kokwelashwa
• Umuthi kufanele ugcinwe ngokwezidingo ezithile zokushisa

Ubude besikhathi sokwelashwa buhluka kuye ngohlobo lokutheleleka kanye nendlela isiguli esisabela ngayo emuthini. Ngisho noma izimpawu ziba ngcono ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, iziguli kufanele ziqedele yonke inkambo enqunyiwe ukuvimbela ukutheleleka ukuthi kubuye. Kwezinye izimo, odokotela bangase bashintshele iziguli kwesinye isibulala-magciwane esidluliselwa ngomlomo ngemva kokuba isimo sazo sesithuthukile.

Imiphumela Emibi ye-Piperacillin ne-Tazobactum Tablet

Imiphumela engemihle evamile ngokuvamile ayidingi ukunakwa ngokushesha futhi ngokuvamile iyathuthuka njengoba umzimba ujwayela imithi:

• Uhudo
• ukuqunjelwa
• bekhanda
• Inkinga yokulala
• I-nausea

Imiphumela Emibi Kakhulu: 

• Ukulimala kalula noma ukopha
• ezinzima ubuhlungu besisu
• Uhudo olunegazi noma olumanzi
• Izinguquko ku ukuchama
• Umkhuhlane noma ukujuluka
• Izinkinga zokuphuza
• Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba noma amabhamuza

Iziguli kufanele zithinte udokotela wazo ngokushesha uma zibona izimpawu zoku:

• Ukungezwani komzimba (ukuvuvukala kobuso/umphimbo, ukuphefumula kanzima)
• Izinkinga zezinso (ukushintsha kwenani lomchamo)
• Ukusabela okukhulu kwesikhumba (umkhuhlane, amabhamuza)
• Ukutheleleka okusha (amabala amhlophe emlonyeni, ukukhishwa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane)

Ukuqapha

Amagciwane: Iziguli kufanele zihlanganyele umlando wazo wezokwelapha ophelele nodokotela wazo ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa nge-piperacillin ne-tazobactam. Iziguli kufanele zitshele udokotela wazo uma zike zaba nokungezwani komzimba kulokhu:

• Ama-antibiotic e-penicillin (njenge-amoxycillin)
• I-Cephalosporin antibiotics (njenge-cefaclor noma i-cephalexin)
• Noma yimiphi eminye imithi noma izithako zayo

Isimo Sesistimu: Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kuyadingeka ezigulini ezine:

• I-cystic fibrosis
• Isifo sezinso
• Umlando we ukuhlukunyezwa
• Ukuphazamiseka kokujiya kwegazi

Iziguli kufanele zazise ithimba lazo lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngalokhu okulandelayo:

• Yonke imithi yamanje, ehlanganisa amavithamini nezithako zokudla
• Ukuhlinzwa okuzayo noma izinqubo zamazinyo
• ukukhulelwa noma izinhlelo zokuncelisa

Isebenza kanjani i-Piperacillin ne-Tazobactum Tablet

Inhlanganisela eyingqayizivele ye-piperacillin ne-tazobactam isebenza ngendlela yezinyathelo ezimbili ukulwa nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Lezi zingxenye ezimbili zenza ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kunalokho okungatholakala kuzodwa.

I-Piperacillin ihlasela amagciwane ngokubopha amaprotheni athile ezindongeni zamaseli awo. Lokhu kubopha kwenza buthaka ukwakheka kwebhaktheriya, ekugcineni kubangele ukuhlukana kwamaseli. Kucabange njengokudala izimbobo ezinsimbini ezivikela amagciwane.

I-Tazobactam idlala indima ebalulekile yokusekela ngokumisa amagciwane ukuthi alwe. Ivimbela ama-enzyme akhethekile (i-beta-lactamase) amagciwane avame ukuwasebenzisa ukubhubhisa ama-antibiotic. Lokhu kuvikela kuvumela i-piperacillin ukuthi isebenze ngokuphumelelayo ngokumelene namagciwane amelana.

Umuthi uhlanganisa lezi zingxenye ngesilinganiso esithile se-8: 1 se-piperacillin ne-tazobactam. Le bhalansi enembile iqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle ngokumelene nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamabhaktheriya. Inhlanganisela ibonakala inamandla kakhulu ngoba:

• Ibulala kokubili amagciwane athanda umoya-mpilo kanye namagciwane agwema umoya-mpilo
• Isebenza ngokumelene namagciwane ngokuvamile amelana namanye ama-antibiotic
• Ivimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane ngenkathi ibhubhisa amagciwane akhona
• Igcina ukusebenza kahle ngokumelene nezinhlobo eziningi zamagciwane

Nakuba i-tazobactam ibonisa umsebenzi omncane wama-antibiotic iyodwa, ithuthukisa kakhulu ikhono le-piperacillin lokulwa nokutheleleka. Le ndlela yokusebenzisana yenza inhlanganisela ibaluleke kakhulu ekwelapheni izifo ezinzima ezingase zimelane nokwelashwa okujwayelekile kwama-antibiotic.

Ulwazi Lomthamo

Umuthi uza ngezindlela eziningi, okuhlanganisa 2.25g, 3.375g, kanye 4.5g imithamo.

Umthamo Ojwayelekile Wezifo Ezivamile:

• Ukutheleleka kwangaphakathi kwesisu: 3.375g njalo emahoreni ayisi-6 izinsuku ezingu-7-10
• Izifo Zesikhumba: 3.375g njalo ngamahora angu-6 izinsuku ezingu-7-10
• Inyumoniya etholwa umphakathi: 3.375g njalo emahoreni ayisi-6 izinsuku eziyi-7-10
• Inyumoniya etholwa esibhedlela: 4.5g njalo emahoreni ayisi-6 izinsuku eziyi-7-14

Ezigulini ezinezinkinga zezinso, odokotela balungisa umthamo we-piperacillin tazobactam ngokusekelwe ekusebenzeni kwezinso. Uma imvume ye-creatinine ingaphezu kuka-40 mL/min, kusetshenziswa umthamo ojwayelekile. Nokho, odokotela behlisa umthamo ube ngu-2.25g njalo emahoreni angu-6-8 kulabo abanamazinga aphansi okuvunyelwa.

Iziguli ezithola i-dialysis zidinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile. Odokotela ngokuvamile banikeza u-2.25g njalo emahoreni ayi-12, no-0.75g owengeziwe ngemva kweseshini ngayinye yokuhlanza igazi.

Isiphetho

I-Piperacillin ne-tazobactam zimi njengesikhali esinamandla sokulwa nezifo eziyingozi ezibangelwa amagciwane. Le mithi eyinhlanganisela ibonakala ibalulekile ikakhulukazi lapho ama-antibiotic ajwayelekile ehluleka ukusebenza. Odokotela bathembele kuyo ekwelapheni izimo ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ezifweni zokuphefumula kuya ezinkingeni zesikhumba eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Iziguli kumele zikhumbule amaphuzu ambalwa abalulekile ngalo muthi:

• Odokotela bayinikeza nge-IV ngaphezu kwemizuzu engama-30
• Ukuqapha njalo kusiza ukuvimbela imiphumela emibi kakhulu
• Yonke inkambo yokwelashwa idinga ukuqedwa, ngisho noma izimpawu ziba ngcono
• Ezinye iziguli zingase zidinge ukulungiswa komthamo ngokusekelwe ekusebenzeni kwezinso zazo

Ukuphepha kuseza kuqala ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Iziguli kufanele zitshele odokotela bazo nganoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile noma imiphumela engemihle. Umuthi usebenza kahle kakhulu lapho iziguli zilandela ngokucophelela uhlobo lokwelashwa ezilunikeziwe futhi zigcina ukuxhumana okuvulekile nethimba lazo lezokwelapha.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Kwenzekani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo?

Uma isiguli sigeja umthamo, kufanele sithinte udokotela waso ngokushesha ukuze sithole uhlelo olusha lomthamo. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungaphindaphindi imithamo ukuze ubuyisele ogejiwe. Ithimba lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizosiza ekwakheni ishejuli entsha egcina ukusebenza ngempumelelo kokwelashwa kuyilapho isiguli siphephile.

2. Kwenzekani uma ngiphuza ngokweqile?

I-overdose ye-piperacillin ne-tazobactam idinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Iziguli kufanele zishayele abezimo eziphuthumayo uma zibona izimpawu ezibucayi ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuphefumula kanzima
• Ukulahlekelwa kokwazi
• ukuquleka

3. Yini okufanele ngiyigweme ngenkathi ngithatha i-piperacillin ne-tazobactam?

Iziguli kufanele zigweme ukuphuza noma yimiphi imithi emisha ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wazo kuqala. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• Imithi ethengwayo
• Izithako zemithi
• Vitamins

Kufanele futhi bazise udokotela wabo ngaphambi kokuthola noma yimiphi imigomo, njengoba i-piperacillin ne-tazobactam ingase ibe nomthelela ekutheni imithi ethile yokugoma isebenza kahle kangakanani.

4. Yimiphi eminye imithi ezothinta i-piperacillin ne-tazobactam?

Imithi eminingana ingasebenzisana ne-piperacillin ne-tazobactam. Iziguli kufanele zitshele udokotela wazo uma zithatha:

• Izithako zegazi (i-heparin, i-warfarin)
• I-Methotrexate
• I-Probenecid
• Iziphumuli zemisipha ezisetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa
• I-Tobramycin noma amanye ama-antibiotic