I-Probenecid

I-Probenecid

I-Probenecid isiza ukwelapha i-gout futhi yenza ama-antibiotic athile asebenze kangcono. Lo muthi osebenza ngezindlela eziningi usize iziguli kusukela ekuthuthukisweni kwawo ososayensi futhi ukhulise nokusebenza kweminye imithi emzimbeni.

Odokotela bawazi kangcono amaphilisi e-probenecid njenge-ejenti ye-uricosuric elwa ne-gout futhi enciphisa amazinga aphezulu e-uric acid egazini. Umuthi uvimba ama-asidi e-organic ukuthi anganyakazi kulwelwesi lwamaseli, ikakhulukazi ezinso. Lesi senzo sokuvimbela sichaza ukuthi kungani odokotela ngokuvamile beyihlanganisa ne-penicillin namanye ama-antibiotics—kuwagcina ekuphumeni ngokushesha emzimbeni futhi kubasize bahlale bematasa egazini isikhathi eside. 

Iyini i-Probenecid?

Igama lekhemikhali le-probenecid lithi 4-[(dipropylamino)sulfonyl]benzoic acid. Le powder crystalline emhlophe incibilika otshwaleni, ku-chloroform, ne-acetone kodwa ihlala icishe ingancibiliki emanzini.

I-Probenecid isebenza njenge-ejenti ye-uricosuric evimba ukumuncwa kabusha kwe-uric acid ngama-organic anion transporters ezinso. Umuthi ususa i-uric acid eningi emzimbeni wakho ngomchamo futhi wehlise amazinga e-serum urate.

Ukusetshenziswa kweProbenecid

Ukwelashwa kwe-Probenecid:

• I-gout engapheli 
• Isifo samathambo 
• Isebenza njenge-adjuvant ekwelashweni kwama-antibiotic

Umuthi uvimbela nezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezibangelwa amazinga aphezulu e-uric acid emzimbeni.

Isetshenziswa Kanjani Futhi Nini Amaphilisi eProbenecid

• Abantu abadala bavamise ukuqala ngo-250 mg kabili ngosuku isonto elilodwa, bese benyukela ku-500 mg kabili ngosuku ukuze bathole ukwelashwa kwegout. 
• Abantu bangathatha i-probenecid ngokudla uma bephathwa yisisu. 
• Ukuphuza izingilazi zamanzi eziyi-10-12 nsuku zonke kusiza ukuvimbela amatshe ezinso ngenkathi uthatha le mithi.

Imiphumela Emibi Yethebhulethi ye-Probenecid

Imiphumela emibi evamile ihlanganisa:

• bekhanda kanye nesiyezi
• I-nausea 
• Ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso
• ubuhlungu Joint noma ukuvuvukala
• Ukucwebezela kobuso

Ukusabela okujulile njenge

• Ukukhwabanisa isikhumba
• Izinkinga zokuphefumula
• Ukopha okungavamile

Ukuqapha

• Iziguli akufanele ziqale i-probenecid ngesikhathi sokuhlasela kwe-gout acute. 
• Abantu abanamatshe ezinso, ukuphazamiseka kwegazi, noma ukukhubazeka okukhulu kwezinso kufanele bagweme le mithi. 
• Udokotela wakho udinga ukwazi ngayo yonke imithi oyiphuzayo, ikakhulukazi imikhiqizo yama-aspirin.
• Uma unokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile, tshela udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi.

Isebenza kanjani ithebhulethi yeProbenecid

I-Probenecid isebenza ngokuvimbela i-renal tubular transporter ezinso. Lesi senzo sivimba ukumuncwa kabusha kwe-uric acid, ngakho kwandisa ukuphuma ngomchamo. Izinso zakho zingakhipha i-uric acid eningi emzimbeni wakho esikhundleni sokuyiyeka inqwabelane.

I-Probenecid ivimbela i-pannexin 1, edlala indima ekuvuvukeni—inkinga eyinhloko ku-gout. Lesi senzo esikabili sisiza ukunciphisa ukuhlaselwa kwe-gout okubuhlungu.

Ngingakwazi Ukuthatha I-Probenecid Ngeminye Imithi?

I-Probenecid isebenzisana nemithi eminingi. Lokhu kusebenzisana kubandakanya okulandelayo kodwa akukhawulelwe kokuthi:

• aspirin
• Imithi yesifo sikashukela njenge-glipizide
• I-Ketorolac
• I-Methotrexate 
• ama-NSAID
• Olsalazine
• I-Salicylic Acid

Umzimba wakho uthatha isikhathi eside ukuqeda ezinye izidakamizwa uma uthatha i-probenecid. Lesi sici sikwenza kube usizo ngama-antibiotics afana ne-penicillin ngoba iwagcina esebenza isikhathi eside egazini lakho.

Ulwazi lomthamo

• Abantu abadala abane-gout ngokuvamile baqala ngo-250 mg kabili ngosuku isonto elilodwa, bese bethatha ama-500 mg kabili ngosuku ngemva kwalokho. 
• Izingane ezineminyaka engu-2-14 ezinesisindo esingaphansi kwama-50 kg zidinga umthamo osuselwa kusisindo ku-25 mg/kg ekuqaleni.
• Umthamo ojwayelekile onama-antibiotics ngu-500 mg izikhathi ezine ngosuku. Qaphela ukuthi iziguli ezinokukhubazeka kwezinso okuncane zingase zidinge imithamo eyengeziwe.

Isiphetho

I-Probenecid ifakazele ukubaluleka kwayo njengomuthi oguquguqukayo amashumi eminyaka. Le ejenti ye-uricosuric enamandla yehlisa amazinga e-uric acid futhi isebenza kahle ukuphatha i-gout. Ukwengeza, isiza iziguli kuma-antibiotics ngokugcina le mithi egazini lazo isikhathi eside.

Ukuthatha umthamo ofanele ngesikhathi esifanele kwenza umehluko omkhulu. Iziguli eziningi zithola imiphumela engcono kakhulu ngokulandela iziqondiso eziqondile zikadokotela wazo nokuphuza amanzi amaningi nsuku zonke. Imiphumela engemihle ingenzeka, kodwa odokotela bangasiza abantu abaningi ukuyilawula kahle.

Inzuzo ephindwe kabili ye-Probenecid njengokwelashwa kwe-gout kanye ne-booster ye-antibiotic iyenza ibe yigugu emithini yanamuhla. Abantu ababhekene ne-gout engapheli bathola ukuthi iyasiza ngempela uma beyisebenzisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. 

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe i-probenecid iyingozi enkulu?

I-Probenecid iphethe iphrofayili yengozi emaphakathi. Iziguli zivame ukuba nesicanucanu, bekhanda, kanye nokuphazamiseka kwamathumbu. Ukusabela okujulile njenge-hypersensitivity, ezinso, futhi ukuphazamiseka kwegazi akuvamile ukwenzeka.

2. I-probenecid ithatha isikhathi esingakanani ukusebenza?

Iziguli ezisebenzisa i-probenecid ukuphatha i-gout zidinga izinyanga ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3 ukuze zibone imiphumela egcwele. Umuthi uqala ukwehlisa amazinga e-uric acid phakathi namahora, kodwa izinzuzo zokwelapha ezilungile zithatha izinsuku ezimbalwa.

3. Kwenzekani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo?

Kufanele uthathe umthamo ogejiwe ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula. Noma kunjalo, yeqa umthamo ogejiwe uma cishe sekuyisikhathi seshejuli yakho elandelayo. Uhlelo lwakho olujwayelekile kufanele luqhubeke. Imithamo ephindwe kabili ayivunyelwe.

4. Kwenzekani uma ngiphuza ngokweqile?

Izimpawu zokweqisa izidakamizwa zihlanganisa ukozela, ukucasuka kwesisu, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, kanye nokudlikizeka noma izinkinga zokuphefumula. Kufanele uxhumane nabezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha.

5. Ubani ongakwazi ukuthatha i-probenecid?

I-Probenecid ayifanele uma une:

• Ukuphazamiseka kwegazi
• I-Uric acid ezinso
• Ukukhubazeka okukhulu kwezinso 
• Ukuhlasela kwe-gout okusebenzayo
• Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-2

6. Kufanele ngiyithathe nini i-probenecid?

Ukudla kusiza ukunciphisa ukungakhululeki kwesisu ngenkathi uthatha i-probenecid. Ukuphathwa kwe-gout ngokuvamile kudinga imithamo kabili ngosuku.

7. Zingaki izinsuku zokuphuza i-probenecid?

Ukwelashwa nge-probenecid ukuzibophezela kwesikhathi eside. Iziguli eziningi ziyaqhubeka nokuyithatha unomphela inqobo nje uma isebenza ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi kakhulu.

8. Ungamisa nini i-probenecid?

Iseluleko sezokwelapha siyadingeka ngaphambi kokumisa i-probenecid. Izimpawu zakho ze-gout zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu uma uyeka ngokushesha. Udokotela wakho uzokwakha uhlelo lokuyeka ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho.

9. Ingabe kuphephile ukuphuza i-probenecid nsuku zonke?

I-Probenecid isebenza kangcono ngokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke, okuqhubekayo. Kufanele uyiphuze nsuku zonke—ngisho nangesikhathi sokuhlasela kwe-gout. Udokotela wakho angase acele ukuhlolwa kwegazi njalo ukuze aqaphe ukusebenza kwesibindi sakho ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi. Iziguli eziningi ziphatha imiphumela engemihle evamile njengekhanda elibuhlungu noma ukucasuka kwesisu.

10. Yisiphi isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuthatha i-probenecid?

Indlela ekahle yokuvimbela ukungakhululeki kwesisu ukuthatha i-probenecid nokudla. Umzimba wakho uzuza kakhulu ngokuwuthatha ngesikhathi esisodwa usuku nosuku. Amazinga ezidakamizwa azinzile egazini lakho ancike ekushintshaneni. Udokotela wakho angase atuse i-antacid uma usaphatheke kabi esiswini naphezu kokuyidla kanye nokudla.

11. Yini okufanele uyigweme lapho uthatha i-probenecid?

Odokotela batusa ukugwema:

• I-Aspirin nemithi efana ne-aspirin
• Ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile
• Ukuma kungazelelwe emithini yakho

Qiniseka ukuthi utshela odokotela bakho ngayo yonke imithi oyiphuzayo, okuhlanganisa nemikhiqizo etholakala ngaphandle kwekhawunta kanye nezithasiselo.

12. Yikuphi ukudla okufanele ukugweme ngenkathi uthatha i-probenecid?

I-Probenecid ayihlangani ngokuqondile nokudla, kodwa kufanele unciphise ukudla okuba yi-gout ibe yimbi:

• Uphuzo oludakayo 
• Ukudla okune-purine ephezulu njengama-anchovies, ubhekeni, ama-sardine kanye nenyama yesitho
• Ijusi ye-Grapefruit (enemithi ethile ehlanganisiwe)

Umsebenzi wakho wansuku zonke kufanele uhlanganise nezingilazi zamanzi ezingu-6-8 ukuvimbela amatshe ezinso.