I-Sertraline

I-Sertraline

I-Sertraline, i-antidepressant enikezwa kabanzi, idlala indima ebalulekile ekwelapheni ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa okuhlukahlukene. Lo muthi onamandla unethonya kukhemikhali yobuchopho ukuphatha ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, nezinye izimo zempilo yengqondo. Masiqonde ukusetshenziswa kwe-sertraline, indlela yokusebenza kanye nezinyathelo ezithile zokuphepha ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa kwayo.

Iyini i-Sertraline?

I-Sertraline imithi elwa nokucindezeleka echazwe kabanzi ehlobene nekilasi lezidakamizwa ezaziwa ngokuthi i-serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) ekhethiwe. Lo muthi onamandla unethonya kukhemikhali yobuchopho ukusiza ukuphatha izimo ezihlukahlukene zengqondo. I-sertraline inyusa inani le-serotonin, into engokwemvelo ebuchosheni. Idlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni isimo sengqondo, ubuntu, nokuphaphama.

Ukusetshenziswa kwethebhulethi ye-Sertraline

I-Sertraline, i-antidepressant enemisebenzi eminingi, inezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ekwelapheni izimo zempilo yengqondo ezahlukahlukene: 

• Ukucindezeleka: Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwe-sertraline ukwelapha ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kokucindezeleka. Kuyasiza ukunciphisa izimpawu zokucindezeleka ngokwandisa amazinga e-serotonin ebuchosheni.
• Izinkinga Zokukhathazeka: I-Sertraline ibonakale iphumelela ekwelapheni izimo ezihlukahlukene ezihlobene nokukhathazeka, okuhlanganisa:
  • I-Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
  • Ukuphazamiseka Kwethukile
  • I-Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD)
  • I-Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
• I-Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): I-Sertraline isiza ukuphatha izimpawu ze-PTSD, isimo esingase sivele ngemva kokufakaza noma ukuzwa isenzakalo esesabekayo. 
• I-Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD): Kwabesifazane abahlangabezana nezimpawu ezinzima zangaphambi kokuya esikhathini, i-sertraline inikeza impumuzo. 
• Okunye Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Sertraline: Odokotela bangase banikeze i-sertraline ngezimo ezengeziwe:
  • Ukudla ukudla okunomsoco
  • Isifo somzimba we-dysmorphic
  • Bulimia amanosa
  • Ukujula kwe-premature

Isetshenziswa kanjani i-Sertraline Tablets

I-Sertraline umuthi onamandla odinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela ukuze uzuze izinzuzo ezifanele, okuhlanganisa: 

• Umuntu angaba namaphilisi e-sertraline ngokudla noma ngaphandle, anikeze ukuguquguquka kweziguli. 
• Kulabo abasebenzisa ifomu loketshezi lomlomo, ukusebenzisa i-dropper enikeziwe ukukala umthamo ofanele kubalulekile. Uketshezi kufanele luxutshwe ne-1/2 indebe (ama-ounces angu-4) amanzi, i-ginger ale, i-lemon-lime soda, i-lemonade, noma ijusi yewolintshi. 
• Iziguli kufanele zithathe umthamo ngokushesha nje lapho zikhumbula uma umthamo weqiwe. Kodwa-ke, uma sekusondele isikhathi sedosi elandelayo, kufanele beqe umthamo ogejiwe futhi baqale kabusha ishejuli yabo evamile. Ukuphindwa kabili kwemithamo ye-sertraline ukwenza lowo ophuthelwe akunconywa.
• Ukugcinwa okufanele kwe-sertraline kubalulekile. Gcina umuthi esitsheni esivaliwe ekamelweni lokushisa. Umuthi kufanele ugcinwe kude nokushisa, umswakama kanye nokukhanya okuqondile. Gwema ukubanda futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ayifinyeleleki ezinganeni. 
• Lahla umuthi ophelelwe yisikhathi noma ongasetshenzisiwe njengoba uyalelwe udokotela.

Imiphumela Emibi Yezibhebhe Ze-Sertraline

Le antidepressant entsha ibekezelelwa kangcono kune-tricyclic antidepressants noma i-monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Imiphumela emibi evamile ye-sertraline ihlanganisa:

• I-nausea
• Ukuphathwa yikhanda
• Ukudideka noma ukubona izinto ezingekho
• Ukuphazamiseka kokulala
• Ukuphoqa
• Uhudo
• Umlomo omile
• isiyezi
• Ukukhathala noma ubuthakathaka

Abanye abantu bangase babe nemiphumela emibi kakhulu, nakuba ingavamile (ngaphansi ko-1 kubantu abayi-100). Thatha iseluleko sezokwelapha uma kwenzeka okunye kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ushintsho ezikhathini zokuya esikhathini
• Ukushintsha kwesisindo okungachazeki
• I-sexual disorder (ukwehla kwe-libido noma ubunzima be-ejaculation)
• Imizwa yenjabulo eyedlulele noma yokungahlaliseki
• Ukuphuzi kwamehlo noma isikhumba (izimpawu ezingenzeka zezinkinga zesibindi)
• Ukusuka okungavamile noma ukulimaza

Ukuqapha 

• Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa, iziguli kufanele zazise udokotela wazo ngazo zonke izimo zempilo zamanje kanye nemithi eqhubekayo.
• Ukuhlolwa njalo kubalulekile. Udokotela kufanele aqaphe ukuqhubeka futhi alungise umthamo njengoba kudingeka. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungase kudingeke ukuze kuhlolwe imiphumela engadingeki.
• Kwabanye abantu abasha, i-sertraline ingandisa imicabango yokuzibulala. Kubalulekile ukubika noma yimiphi imicabango noma ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile, ikakhulukazi uma kusha noma kuba kubi ngokushesha. 
• I-sertraline ingase inyuse ingozi yezinkinga zokopha. Iziguli ezisebenzisa imithi yokunciphisa igazi kufanele zazise udokotela wazo.
• I-sertraline ingase ithinte likashukela egazini amazinga. Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela kufanele ziqaphe ngokucophelela ukuhlolwa kwazo ushukela wegazi noma womchamo futhi zibike noma yiziphi izinguquko.
• Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala akunconywa ngenkathi uthatha i-sertraline.
• Iziguli kufanele ziqikelele lapho zishayela noma zisebenzisa imishini kuze kube yilapho zazi ukuthi i-sertraline izithinta kanjani.
• Abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele baqaphe ngaphambi kokudla lesi sidakamizwa, njengoba kungase kwandise ingozi yokukhubazeka okuhlobene nenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ku-fetus.
• Ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha noma izinqubo zokuhlinzwa, iziguli kufanele zazise udokotela mayelana nokusebenzisa kwazo i-sertraline, njengoba kungase kuthinte eminye imiphumela yokuhlolwa.
• Iziguli akufanele ziyeke ukuthatha i-sertraline kungazelelwe ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wazo. Kungase kudingeke ukunciphisa kancane kancane ukuze kugwenywe izimpawu zokuhoxa.

Isebenza kanjani ithebhulethi ye-Sertraline

I-sertraline, i-antidepressant enqunywe kabanzi, ingeyesigaba esibizwa ngokuthi i-serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) ekhethiwe. Lo muthi uthinta amakhemikhali obuchopho ukusiza ukuphatha izimo ezehlukene zengqondo, okuhlanganisa ukudangala, i-obsessive-activive disorder (OCD), i-panic disorder, kanye ne-post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Isenzo esiyinhloko se-sertraline sihlanganisa ukuvimba ukumuncwa kabusha kwe-serotonin kuma-neurons ebuchosheni. I-Serotonin, i-neurotransmitter yamakhemikhali, ilawula imizwa, ubuntu, nokuphaphama. Imvamisa, i-serotonin iphinde ifakwe ngokushesha ngemva kokudlulisa amathonya kagesi isuka kwenye neuron iye kwelandelayo. Kodwa-ke, i-sertraline ivumela i-serotonin ukuthi ihlale kugebe le-synaptic phakathi kwama-neurons isikhathi eside.

Lokhu kuba khona isikhathi eside kwe-serotonin esikhaleni se-synaptic kwenza ikhemikhali ithumele imilayezo eyengeziwe ku-neuron eyamukelayo. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu kuthuthukiswa kwe-serotonergic neurotransmission kuthonya isimo sengqondo futhi kudambise izimpawu ezihlobene nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuhlukahlukene.

Ngingathatha I-Setraline Neminye Imithi?

I-Sertraline, i-antidepressant echazwe kabanzi, inamandla okuxhumana neminye imithi kanye nezinto eziningi. 

Iziguli kufanele ziqaphele ikakhulukazi ngokuhlanganisa i-sertraline ne:

• Amphetamine
• Utshwala
• Igazi elincane
• Ama-antibiotic athile, njenge-erythromycin noma i-moxifloxacin
• Ama-antipsychotics athile
• Imithi ethile ye-migraine, njengama-triptans
• Izidakamizwa ezandisa amazinga e-serotonin
• Imithi ethinta isigqi senhliziyo
• Ama-opioid pain relievers
• Amanye ama-antidepressants
• Phenytoin
• Lithium
• John's wort supplement

Ulwazi Lomthamo

I-Sertraline itholakala ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene namandla ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zomthamo ohlukile. 

• Kubantu abadala abanenkinga enkulu yokucindezeleka, umthamo ungama-50 mg kanye ngosuku. 
• Ekwelapheni i-Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), abantu abadala kanye nentsha baqala ngo-50 mg. 
• Nge-panic disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) kanye nokukhathazeka komphakathi, odokotela ngokuvamile baqala ngo-25 mg nsuku zonke kubantu abadala. 
• Ukwelashwa kwe-premenstrual dysphoric disorder kunikeza izinketho ezimbili zokudosa: okuqhubekayo noma okuphakathi. Umthamo oqhubekayo uqala ngo-50 mg nsuku zonke phakathi nomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini. Umthamo wesikhashana uqala izinsuku eziyi-14 ngaphambi kokuqala kokuya esikhathini okulindelekile, okokuqala ku-50 mg nsuku zonke.

Isiphetho

I-Sertraline ingathinta inani le-serotonin, into engokwemvelo ebuchosheni, enikeza isixazululo esiguquguqukayo sezimo ezihlukahlukene zempilo yengqondo. Ukusuka ekucindezelekeni kuya izinkinga zokukhathazeka, lo muthi ufakazele ukusebenza kahle ekuthuthukiseni izinga lempilo yeziguli eziningi. Iphrofayili yayo eyingqayizivele yezemithi kanye nephrofayili yomphumela ongathandeki ngokuvamile iyenza ibe ithuluzi elibalulekile ekwelashweni kwengqondo.

FAQ sika

1. I-sertraline isetshenziselwa ini ngokuyinhloko?

I-Sertraline isetshenziselwa ngokuyinhloko ukwelapha izimo ezihlukahlukene zempilo yengqondo. Odokotela banquma i-sertraline ye:

• I-Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
• Isifo se-Obsessive-compulsive (OCD)
• Isifo se-panic
• I-post-traumatic disorder disorder (PTSD)
• I-Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD)
• I-Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)

2. Ubani ongakwazi ukuthatha i-sertraline?

Nakuba i-sertraline isiza abantu abaningi, ayifanele wonke umuntu. Abantu okufanele bagweme i-sertraline bahlanganisa:

• Labo abangezwani ne-sertraline noma yiziphi izithako zayo
• Abantu abathatha i-monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
• Abantu abasebenzisa i-pimozide 
• Labo abathatha i-disulfiram 

Ukwengeza, i-sertraline ingase ingafaneleki:

• Iziguli ezinezinkinga zesibindi ezimaphakathi kuya kwezinzima
• Abantu abanomlando wezinkinga zenhliziyo
• Abesifazane abakhulelwe noma abancelisayo 
• Abantu abane i-glaucoma
• Labo abanakho isithuthwane noma ukwelashelwa i-electroconvulsive

3. Ungakwazi yini ukuthatha i-sertraline nsuku zonke?

Yebo, i-sertraline yakhelwe ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke. Odokotela ngokuvamile banquma i-sertraline ukuthi iphuzwe kanye ngosuku, kungaba ekuseni noma kusihlwa. 

4. Ngingakwazi ukuthatha i-sertraline ebusuku?

I-sertraline ingathathwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku, ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla. Ukukhetha phakathi komthamo wasekuseni nasebusuku kuncike ezicini ezithile kanye nemiphumela engemihle. Abanye abantu bancamela ukuthatha i-sertraline ebusuku ukuze banciphise imiphumela emibi njengesicanucanu. Kodwa-ke, njengoba i-sertraline ingaphazamisa ukulala kumaphesenti amancane wabasebenzisi, abanye bakhetha ukuyithatha ekuseni.

5. Yimuphi umphumela ovame kakhulu we-sertraline?

Okulandelayo eminye yemiphumela evame kakhulu ye-sertraline:

• I-nausea
• Ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso
• Uhudo
• Ukuzithoba
• Ukujuluka okwengeziwe
• Ukuthuthumela noma ukuthuthumela
• Izinguquko emikhubeni yokulala 
• Izinkinga zocansi 
• Ukukhathala
• ukukhathazeka

6. Ingabe i-sertraline ayiyinhle inhliziyo yakho?

Nakuba i-sertraline ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengephephile kubantu abaningi, ingathinta isigqi senhliziyo ezimweni ezingavamile. I-Sertraline ingase ibangele isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-QT prolongation, engaholela enkingeni eyingozi yesigqi senhliziyo eyaziwa ngokuthi i-torsade de pointes. 

Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Ulwazi olunikezwe lapha alwenzelwe ukufaka iseluleko esivela kuchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ulwazi aluhloselwe ukumboza konke ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka, imiphumela engemihle, izinyathelo zokuphepha, nokusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa. Lolu lwazi aluhloselwe ukuphakamisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa umuthi othile kufanelekile, kuphephile, noma kuyasebenza wena noma omunye umuntu. Ukungabi bikho kwanoma yiluphi ulwazi noma isexwayiso mayelana nomuthi akufanele kuhunyushwe njengesiqinisekiso esicacile esivela enhlanganweni. Sikweluleka ngokuqinile ukuthi uthintane nodokotela uma kukhona okukukhathazayo ngomuthi futhi ungalokothi usebenzise umuthi ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.